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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,1,Oscar Wilde,(16 Oct.1854-30 Nov.1900),2,Oscar Wilde was the second son born into an AngloIrish family at 21 Westland Row,Dublin.His father William Wilde was a surgeon and was knighted in 1864 for his services to medicine.His mother Jane Francesca was a successful writer,His Family,3,His Education,(1.),Wilde studied classics at Trinity College,Dublin,from1871to1874,1.He was an outstanding student,and won the Berkeley Gold Medal,2.He was awarded a scholarship to Magdalen college,Oxford,.,(2),He continued his studies in Magdalen college,Oxford from1874to1978(在牛津大学的学习生活使他成为了英国唯美主义艺术运动的倡导者）,（3）,He won the 1878Newdigade Prize for his poem Ravenna.,In November 1878,he graduated with a double first in classical moderations and Literae Humaniores.,4,His Career and Marriage,In1882,Wilde was invited to make speech in America.He arrived in News York on 2 January.He spend 12 months to make speech around America.(美国听众被他的魅力，机智，声音，优雅所吸引）,This picture is Wasp cartoon on Oscar Wilde in San Francisco,5,In 1884,Wilde married with Constance Lioyd(daughter of wealthy Queens Counsel Horance Lioyd)in Paddington,London.They had two sons-Cyril(1885)and Vyvyan(1886),After Oscars downfall,Constance took the surname Holland for herself and the boys,In1896,his wife came to visit him in jail to tell him a news that his mother died.,This was last time for them to meet each other.,His wife,died,in 1898 following spinal surgery in Italy.,6,On his return to the United Kingdom,he worked as a reviewer for the Pall Mall Gazette in the years 1887 to 1889.,Afterwards he became the editor of Womans World.In the same time,he wrote and published some short stories.,Wilde also very good at writing stories for children.In1888,The Happy prince and Other Tales,was published.,In1895,Wilde arrived the top of his career-,The Importance of Being Earnest,and,An Ideal Husband,were put on in theatre.,The next of his career is sad for he to meet.,7,His politics,Wilde,for much of his life,advocated socialism,which he argued”will be of value simply because it will lead to individualism”He also had a strong libertarian streak as shown in his poem“Sonnet to Liberty”,He declared himself an anarchist.Wilde was also a pacifist.,Wilde wrote several letters to the Daily Chronicle advocating prison reform and was the sole signatory of George Bernard Shaws petition for a pardon of the anarchists arrested(and later executed)after the Haymarket massacre in Chicago in 1886,8,His sexuality,Wildes sexual orientation has variously been considered bisexual and homosexual,Wilde himself felt he belonged to a culture of male love inspired by Greek paederastic tradition.In describing his own sexual identity,Wilde used the term Socratic.He may have had significant sexual relationships with Frank Miles,Constance Lloyd(his wife),Robert Baldwin Ross,and Lord Alfred Douglas(“Bosie”).Wilde also had numerous sexual encounters with workingclass male youths,who were often rent boys,.,9,Rose did play an important role in the development of Wildes understanding of his own sexuality.,Roses father John Sholto Douglas,9th Marquess of Queensberry came to believe his sons had been corrupted by older homosexuals,or as he phrased it in a letter.,Roses father wanted they keep distance,but Wilde refused to do like that.At last,Wilde was put in prison in 1895 because his friendships with Rose,.,10,His Death,Wilde died of cerebral meningtis on November30,1900.Different opinions are given as to the cause of the meningitis;But most modern scholars and doctors agree that syphilis was unlikely to have been cause of his death.,On his deathbed Wilde was received into the Roman Catholic chuech.,Wilde was buried in the Cimetiere de Bagneux outside Paris but was later moved to Pere Lachaise Cemetery in Paris.,His tomb was designed by sculptor Sir Jacob Epstein,at the request of Robert Ross,who also asked for a small compartment to be made foa his own ashes,.,11,Novel,:The Picture of Dorian Gray(道林格雷的画像),Main Works,12,Fairy tale,:the Happy Prince and Other Tales(快乐王子和其他故事),the selfish giant(自私的巨人),the devoted friend(忠实的朋友),the remarkable rocket(了不起的火箭),a house of pomegranates（石榴屋）,the nightingale and the rose(夜莺与蔷薇),the young king(少年国王),the birthday of the infanta(西班牙公主的生日),the fisherman and his soul(渔人和他的灵魂),the star child(星孩),The HappyA house,Prince Other Tales(快乐王子和其他故事),The nightingale and the rose(夜莺与蔷薇),The selfish giant(自私的巨人),The devoted friend(忠实的朋友),The of pomegranates(石榴屋),and,13,Poems:sphinx(斯芬克斯),the ballad of reading gaol(瑞丁监狱之歌),poems(诗集),playwright:vera(薇拉),lady windermeres fan(温夫人的扇子),the duchess of padua(帕都瓦公爵夫人),salome(莎乐美),a woman of no importance(无足轻重的女人),the importance of being earnest(真诚最要紧),an ideal huasband(理想的丈夫),14,The Ballad of Reading Gaol,is a famous poem by,Oscar Wilde,written after his release from,Reading prison,on,19 May,1897,.Its main theme is the,death penalty,.Wilde was found guilty of homosexual offences in 1895 and was sentenced t
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