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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Communication,1,To Persuade other people to think or act in the way we do,沟通从心开始,-,中国移动,Make yourself heard 理解就是沟通,-,爱立信,Communication Unlimited!沟通无极限,-摩托罗拉,2,The Definition of,communication,Characteristics of Communication,Behaviors for Effective Interpersonal Communication,Components of,communication,Functions of,Communication,3,The Definition of communication:,4,Communication is derived from the Latin word,communicare,meaning to,share with or to make common,so when we,communicate we share our thoughts,hopes,and knowledge with others.,Communication is a form of human behavior,d,erived from a need to connect and interact,with other human beings.,5,100,000 years ago-facial expressions,exclamations（大叫）and noises,Basics of human communication,6,30,000 years ago-Cave paintings,7,20,000 years ago-a speakable language,8,5,000 years ago-the use of symbols and script,9,Components of communication,沟通的构成要素,10,components of communication?,Components,of Communication,sender,encoding,context,receiver,decoding,feedback,channel,message,noise,11,Components of communication,Sender/Source,（信息源）,A sender/source is the person who transmits a message,.,Message,（信息）,A message is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver.,Encoding,（编码）,Encoding refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message.,12,Decoding（解码）,Decoding is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.,Receiver（信息接收者）,A receiver is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a message.,Channel/Medium,（渠道）,Channel/Medium,is the method used to deliver a,message,.,13,Context（情境）,The setting or situation is called a,context,.,Noise（干扰）,Noise is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange of messages,including external noise，physiological noise,psychological noise and semantic noise.Noise is inevitable.,Feedback（反馈）,The response of a receiver to a senders message is called feedback.,14,Verbal Communication,语言信息沟通,WORDS,言语=7%,Keep it simple,保持简要,Explain and/or provide an example,解释或举例，或二者都做,Use clear,direct words,使用清楚，直截了当的语言,Respect your listeners,尊重你的听众,Repeat your main idea,重复你的主要观点,Check for understanding,检查理解情况,15,Visual Communication,视觉沟通=55%,Eye Contact,目光接触,Posture,身体的姿势,Gestures,手势动作,Facial Expression,面部表情,16,Vocal Communication,声觉沟通=38%,Variety,变化,Quality,音质,Rate,语速,Volume,音量,Vocalized Pauses,顿音,17,The Impact of Nonverbal Communication,非言语沟通的作用,VOCAL,声觉,38%,VISUAL,视觉,55%,VERBAL,言语,7%,18,Characteristics of Communication,沟通的特点,19,Characteristics of Communication,CONTEXTUAL,SYSTEMATIC,TRANSACTIONAL,SELF-REFLECTIVE,SYMBOLIC,IRREVERSIBLE,DYNAMIC,COMMUNICATION,IS,20,a.Communication is,dynamic（动态的）,Communication is an ongoing activity.It is not fixed.A word or action does not stay,frozen,when,you,communicate,;it is,immediately replaced with yet another word or action.,(,交际就像是一部动画，而不是图片）,21,b.Communication is,systematic,（系统性的）,Communication does not occur in isolation,or in a vacuum,but rather is part of a larger system.We send and receive messages not in isolation,but in a specific setting.(场景，场所，场合，参加的人数等）,Setting and environment help determine the words and actions we generate.Dress,language,topic selection,and the like are all adapted to context.,22,c.,Communication is,symbolic 符号性的）,Symbols are central to the communication process because they represent the shared meanings that are communicated.A symbol,is a word,action,or object that stands for or,represents a unit of meaning.,23,d.Communication is,irreversible,（不可逆转的）,Communication is an irreversible process.We can never undo what has already been done.Although we may try to qualify,negate,or somehow reduce the effects of our message,once it has been sent and received,the message itself cannot be reversed.,24,e.,Communication is,transactional,（,交互式的,）,A transactional view holds that communicators are simultaneously sending and receiving messages at every instant that they are involved in conversations.,25,f.,Communication is,self-reflective（自省的）,Human beings have a unique ability to think about themselves,to watch how they define the world,and to reflect on their past,present,and future.,26,G.,Communication is,contextual,（,情境的,）,All communication takes place within a setting or situation called a context.By context,we mean the place where people meet,the social purpose for being together,and the nature of the relationship.Thus the context includes the physical,social,and interpersonal settings.,27,Behaviors for Effective Interpersonal Communication,28,Six Behaviors for Effective Interpersonal Communication,Honesty,Openness（self disclosure）,Empathy,Positiveness,Supportiveness,Equality,29,Honesty,Honesty,the quality of being honest,when applied to an interpersonal communication event,implies freedom from deceit or fraud.,Honesty may sometimes require enormous wisdom and c
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