动词过去分词作定语和表语课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar,Past Participle Used as,Attribute and Predicative,Task one,Look at the following story and find the usage of past participle(“-ed”),Story,A boy,called,Tom went to the cinema one night.It was a horror film,but he was,interested,in it.Sometimes he felt,excited,sometimes he felt,frightened,.After the film,the,tired,boy came back home.Once home,the,exhausted,boy,Key points,“-ed”can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies.,eg.,tired/exhausted/excited,boy,a boy,called Tom,“ed”can also be put after the link-verbs(be,feel,become,get,seem)and used as _.,eg.be,interested,in,feel,excited/frightened,attribute,predicative,Task two,Can you find out the position of“ed”,used as attribute from these examples?,injured,fingers,一个受伤的手指,a finger,injured in the accident,spoken,English,英语口语,a language,spoken by many people,written,exercises,书面练习,a book,written by Lu Xun,Key points,Single“-ed”word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.,单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。,“,-ed”phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.,过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。,after,before,Task three,Please find more examples,in the reading passage of,each usage.,Attribute,So many thousands of,terrified,people,died,soon the,affected,person died.,He immediately told the,astonished,people in Broad Street,that,polluted,water carried the virus.,help ordinary people,exposed,to cholera.,He found that it came from the river,polluted by the dirty water,from London.,Predicative,But he became,inspired,when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.,He became,interested,in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.,He was,determined,to find out why.,过去分词作定语和表语总结,一、过去分词作定语,1.,单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有,被动和完成,的意义，常作前置定语,(preposed attribute),。,eg.,terrified,people,受到惊吓的人们,polluted,water,被污染的水,a,closed,door,关闭的门,注意,：,-ed,作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。,eg.,spoken,English,英语口语,written,exercises,书面练习,一、过去分词作定语,少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义,fallen,leaves,落叶,the,risen,sun,升起来的太阳,the,developed,countries,发达国家,a,returned,student,一名留学生,a,retired,teacher,一名退休教师,一、过去分词作定语,2.,过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义,。,eg.,The books,written,by Lu Xun are,popular,鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。,Well go to visit the bridge,built,hundreds of years ago,我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥,。,He found that it came from the river,polluted,by the dirty water.,他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。,一、过去分词作定语,3.,过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。,e.g The books,(which were),written by Lu Xun,were very popular.,The bridge,(which was),built in 1999,is very beautiful.,现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别,现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。,现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。,boiling,water,正在烧,(,煮沸,),的水,boiled,water,已煮沸的水,developing,countries,发展中国家,developed,countries,发达国家,falling,leaves,落叶,(,正在进行,),fallen,leaves,落叶,(,已经完成,),现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别,The boy,killing,the dog is her brother.,The boy,killed,by the man is her brother.,考题练练看,1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C.,did not include women players until 1912.,A.first played B.to be first played,C.first playing D.to be first playing,解析：,A first played in 776B.C.=which was first played in 776 B.C.,现在分词作定语表示动作,正在发生,，与修饰词是,主谓关系,。,不定式作定语表示,将要发生,的动作。,考题练练看,2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa.,A.invited B.to invite,C.being invited D.had been invited,解析：,A,考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。,考题练练看,3.Dont use words,expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge.,A.being known,B.having been known,C.to be known,D.known,解析：,D,考题练练看,4.I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm.,A.to catch B.caught,C.catching D.to be catching,解析：,B,小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。,二、,过去分词作表语,1.,过去分词作表语，表示主语的,感受,或所处的状态。,No wonder he was so,excited,.,可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：,delighted,disappointed,upset,astonished,excited,frightened,interested,puzzled,exhausted,satisfied,inspired,surprised,pleased,二、,过去分词作表语,2.,许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：,broken,disappointed,excited,moved,puzzled,pleased,surprised,lost,等。,过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别,-ed,作表语主要表示动作的,完成,和,状态,，相当于一个形容词；,被动语态的过去分词,动词,意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟,by,短语。,The glass is,broken,.,The glass was,broken by,Tom.,过去分词,作表语与,现在分词,作表语的区别,-ing,表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为“,(,某事,/,物,),使人,令人,”,；,-ed,含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为“,(,某人,),感到,”,。,eg.,What he said,was encouraging.,We,were encouraged at what he said.,-ed,作表语与,-ing,作表语的区别,此类词常见的有：,surprising,surprised;exciting,excited;interesting,interested;astonishing,astonished;encouraging,encouraged;disappointing,disappointed;satisfying,satisfied;inspiring,inspired;pleasing,pleased;tiring,tired;boring,bored.,考题练练看,1.Mr.Smith,_ of the _ speech,started to read a novel.,A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored,C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring,解析：,A,。第一空应填,tired,，来源于系表结构,be tired of,；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填现在分词,boring,。,考题练练看,2.Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.,A.pay B.paying,C.paid D.to pay,解析：,C,该题考查分词作表语的用法,。“,to pay sb by the hour”,计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：,get burnt,get hurt,get wounded.,考题练练看,3.As soon as he entered the city,he _.,A.was losing B.got losing,C.grew lost D.got lost,解析：,D get lost,迷路了,4.What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _.,A.kill B.killing,C.