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,#,/,14,数学试卷,第,1,页(共,6,页),绝,密,启,用,前,2020,年普通高等学,校,招生全国,统,一考试,全,国,卷,理科,数学,注意事项:,1,.,答题前,,,考生务必将自,己,的,姓,名、准考证号填写在答题,卡,上,.,2,.,回答选,择,题时,,,选出每小题,答,案后,,,用铅笔把,答,题卡上对应,题,目的答案标号涂黑.,如需改动,,,用橡皮,擦,干净后,,,再,选涂其他答案标号,.,回答,非,选,择,题时,,,将答案写在,答,题卡,上。写在本试卷上无,效,.,3,.,考试结束,后,,将本试卷,和,答,题,卡一并交回,.,一,、,选择题,:,本题共,12,小题,,,每,小题,5,分,,,共,60,分,.,在每小题,给,出的四个选项中,,,只有,一项是符合题目要求的,.,1,.已知,集,合,A,x,,,y,x,,,y,N,*,,,y,x,,,B,x,,,y,x,y,8,,,则,A,B,中元素的个,数为,A,.,2,(,),D,.,6,B,.,3,C,.,4,1,1,3i,2,.复数的虚部是,(,),1,0,A,.,3,1,0,B,.,1,C,.,1,D,.,3,1010,4,i,1,1,234,i,3,.,在一,组,样本数据中,,,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,出现的频,率,分别为,p,,,p,,,p,,,p,,,且,p,1,,,则下面四种情形中,对应,样,本,的,标准差最大的一组是,A,.,p,1,p,4,0.1,,,p,2,p,3,0.4,B,.,p,1,p,4,0.4,,,p,2,p,3,0.1,C,.,p,1,p,4,0.2,,,p,2,p,3,0.3,(,),D,.,p,p,0.3,,,p,p,0.2,1423,4,.,Logistic,模型,是,常用数学模,型,之一,,,可应用于流,行,病学领域,.,有学者根据公布数据建立,了某地区新冠肺炎累计确,诊,病例,数,I,t,(,t,的单位:天),的,Logistic,模型,:,K,I,t,1,e,0,.,2,3,t,5,3,,,其中,K,为最大确诊病例,数,.当,I,t,0.9,5,K,时,,,标志着已初步遏,制疫情,,则,t,约为(,ln19,3,),A,.,60B,.,63C,.,66,(,),D,.,69,5,.,设,O,为坐标,原,点,,,直,线,x,2,与,抛,物,线,C,:,y,2,2,px,p,0,交,于,D,,,E,两点,若,OD,OE,,,则,C,的焦点坐标为,(,),4,2,A,.,1,,,0,B,.,1,,,0,C,.,1,,,0,D,.,2,,,0,6,.,已知,向,量,a,,,b,满足,a,5,,,b,6,,,a,b,6,,,则,cos,a,,,a,b,(,),A,.,31,B,.,19,35,35,C,.,1,7,D,.,19,35,35,3,7,.,在,ABC,中,,cos,C,2,,,AC,4,,,BC,3,,,则,cos,B,(,),A,.,9,1,1,B,.,3,C,.,1,2,D,.,2,3,8,.,下图,为,某几何体的三视,图,,,则,该几何体的表面积是,(,),A,.,6,4,2,C,.,6,2 3,B,.,4,4,2,D,.,4,2 3,4,9,.,已,知,2,tan,tan,7,,,则,tan,(,),A,.,2,B,.,1,C,.,1,D,.,2,5,10,.,若直,线,l,与曲线,y,x,和圆,x,2,y,2,1,都相切,,则,l,的方程为,(,),2,A,.,y,2,x,1,B,.,y,2,x,1,2,22,数学试卷,第,2,页(共,6,页),C,.,y,1,x,1,D,.,y,1,x,1,毕业学校,姓名,考,生,号,在,此,卷,上,答,题,无,效,数学试卷 第 1 页(共 6 页)绝密启用前2020 年普,1,/,14,数学试卷,第,3,页(共,6,页),数学试卷,第,4,页(共,6,页),x,2,y,2,11,.,设,双曲,线,C,:,1,a,0,,,b,0,的左,、,右焦点分别为,F,1,,,F,2,,,离心率为,5,.,a,2,b,2,P,是,C,上一点,且,F,1,P,F,2,P,.,若,PF,1,F,2,的面积为,4,,,则,a,(,),A,.,1,B,.,2,C,.,4,D,.,8,(,),58,13,12,.,已,知,5,5,8,4,,,13,4,8,5,.,设,a,log,3,,,b,log,5,,,c,log,8,,则,A,.,a,b,c,C,.,b,c,a,B,.,b,a,c,D,.,c,a,b,13,.,若,x,,,y,满足约束条,件,二、填空题:本题共,4,小,题,,,每,小题,5,分,共,20,分.,x,y,0,,,x,1,,,2,x,y,0,,,则,z,3,x,2,y,的最大,值,为,.,2,6,14,.,x,2,的展开式中常数项,是,(用数字作答,).,x,15,.,已知圆锥的,底,面半径为,1,,,母,线长为,3,,,则该圆锥内,半,径最,大,的球的体积为,.,16,.,关于函数,f,x,sin,x,1,有如下四个命题:,sin,x,f,x,的图像关于,y,轴对,称.,f,x,的图像关于原点对,称,.,f,x,的图像关于直线,x,对,称.,2,f,x,的最小值为,2,.,其中所有真命题的序号是,.,三、解答题:共,70,分,.,解答应,写,出文字说明、证明过程或,演,算,步,骤,.,第,1721,题为必考 题,每个试题考生都必须,作,答,.,第,22,、,23,题为选考题,考生,根,据要求作答,.,(一)必考题:共,60,分,.,17,.(,12,分,),设数,列,a,n,满,足,a,1,3,,,a,n,1,3,a,n,4,n,.,(,1,)计,算,a,2,,,a,3,,猜,想,a,n,的通项公式并加以证明;,n,n,n,(,2,)求数列,2,a,的前,n,项和,S,.,18,.(,12,分),某学生兴趣小组随机调查,了某,市,100,天,中每天的空气质,量等,级和当天到某公园锻炼 的人次,整理数据得到下,表,(,单,位:天,):,锻炼人次,空气质量等级,0,,,200,200,,,400,400,,,600,1,(,优),2,16,25,2,(,良),5,10,12,3,(,轻度污染),6,7,8,4,(,中度污染),7,2,0,分别估计,该,市一天的空,气,质量等级为,1,,,2,,,3,,,4,的概,率,;,求一天中到该公,园,锻炼,的,平均人次的估计,值,(同一组中,的,数据用该组区间的中 点值为代表,);,若某天的空气,质,量等级为,1,或,2,,,则称这,天,“,空,气质量好,”;,若某天的空气质量,等级为,3,或,4,,,则,称,这,天,“空,气,质量不好,”.,根据所给数据,,,完,成,下面,的,2,2,列联表,,,并 根据列联表,,,判断是否,有,95%,的把,握,认为一天中到该公园锻炼,的,人,次,与该市当天的空气 质量有关?,人,次,400,人,次,400,空气质量好,空气质量不好,附:,K,2,n,a,d,b,c,2,a,b,c,d,a,c,b,d,,,.,数学试卷 第 3 页(共 6 页)数学试卷 第 4 页(共,2,/,14,数学试卷,第,5,页(共,6,页),数学试卷,第,6,页(共,6,页),19,.(,12,分),如图,,,在长方体,ABCD,A,1,B,1,C,1,D,1,中,,,点,E,,,F,分别在棱,DD,1,,,BB,1,上,,,且,2,DE,ED,1,,,BF,2,FB,1,.,(,1,)证明:,点,C,在平面,AEF,内;,1,(,2,)若,AB,2,,,AD,1,,,AA,1,3,,求二面角,A,EF,A,1,的正弦值,.,x,2,y,2,20,.(,12,分),已知椭,圆,C,:,25,m,1,0,m,5,的离心率为,2,15,4,,,A,,,B,分别,为,C,的左,、,右顶,点.,求,C,的方程;,若点,P,在,C,上,,点,Q,在直线,x,6,上,且,BP,BQ,,,BP,BQ,,求,APQ,的,面,积,.,21,.(,12,分),2,2,设函数,f,x,x,3,bx,c,,曲线,y,f,x,在,点,1,,,f,1,处的切线与,y,轴重直,.,求,b,;,若,f,x,有一个绝对值不大于,1,的零点,,,证明:,f,x,所有零点的绝对值都不大,于,1,.,(二)选考,题,:共,10,分,.,请考生在第,22,、,23,题中任选一题作,答,.,如果多做,则按所,做,的 第一题计分,.,22,.,选,修,4,4,:,坐,标,系与参数,方,程(,10,分),在直角坐标系,xOy,中,,,曲,线,C,的参数方程为,2,y,2,3,t,t,x,2,t,t,2,,,(,t,为参数,且,t,1,),,C,与坐标轴交于,A,,,B,两点,.,求,AB,;,以坐标原点,为,极点,,,x,轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,,,求,直线,AB,的极坐标方程,.,23,.,选,修,4,5,:,不,等,式选,讲(,10,分),设,a,,,b,,,c,R,,,a,b,c,0,,,abc,1,.,证明:,ab,bc,ca,0,;,用,m,a,x,a,,,b,,,c,表示,a,,,b,,,c,的最大值,,证,明:,m,a,x,a,,,b,,,c,3,4,.,毕业学校,姓名,考,生,号,在,此,卷,上,答,题,无,效,数学试卷 第 5 页(共 6 页)数学试卷 第 6 页(共,3,/,14,2020,年普通高等学校招,生,全国,统,一考试,全国,卷,理,科数,学,答,案,解析,一、,选,择题,1,.【,答,案,】,C,x,y,8,y,x,【解析】采,用,列举法列举出,A,B,中元素的即可,.,由题意,,A,B,中的元素满足,且,x,,,y,N,*,,,由,x,y,8,2,x,,,得,x,4,,,所,以,满,足,x,y,8,的,有,1,,,7,,,2,,,6,,,3,,,5,,,4,,,4,,,故,A,B,中,元,素,的,个,数,为,4,.,故,选,:,C,.,【考,点,】,集,合,的,交,集,运,算,,交,集,定,义,的,理,解,2,.,【,答,案,】,D,【解析】利用复,数,的除法运算求出,z,即可,.,因为,z,1,1,3,i,1010,1,3,i,1,1,3,i,1,3,i,3,i,,所以复数,z,1,1,3,i,的,虚部为,3,.,故,选,:,D,.,10,【考,点,】,复,数,的,除,法,运,算,,复,数,的,虚,部,的,定义,3,.,【,答,案,】,B,【解,析,】,计,算,出,四,个,选,项,中对,应,数,据,的,平,均,数,和,方,差,,,由,此,可,得,出,标,准,差,最,大的,一,组.,对,于,A,选,项,,,该,组,数,据,的,平均,数,为,x,A,1,4,0.1,2,3,0.4,2.5,,,2222,2,A,方差为,s,1,2.5,0.1,2,2.5,0.4,3,2.5,0.4,4,2.5,0.1,0.65,;,对,于,B,选,项,,,该,组,数,据,的,平均,数,为,x,B,1,4,0.4,2,3,0.1,2.5,,,2222,2,B,方差为,s,1,2.5,0.4,2,2.5,0.1,3,2.5,0.1,4,2.5,0.4,1.85,;,对,于,C,选,项,,,该,组,数,据,的,平均,数,为,x,C,1,4,0.2,2,3,0.3,2.5,,,2222,2,C,方差为,s,1,2.5,0.2,2,2.5,0.3,3,2.5,0.3,4,2.5,0.2,1.05,;,对,于,D,选,项,,,该,组,数,据,的,平均,数,为,x,D,1,4,0.3,2,3,0.2,2.5,,,2222,2,D,方差为,s,1,2.5,0.3,2,2.5,0.2,3,2.5,0.2,4,2.5,0.3,1.45,.,因此,,,B,选,项,这,一,组,的,标,准差,最,大,.,故,选,:,B,.,【考,点,】,标,准,差,的,大,小,比,较,,方,差,公,式,的,应用,4,.,【,答,案,】,C,【解,析,】,将,t,t,代入,函,数,I,t,K,1,e,0.23,t,53,K,1,e,0.23,t,53,1,/,14,结合,I,t,0,.9,5,K,求,得,t,即可得解.,I,t,,所,2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试全国卷一、选择题,1,e,0.,2,3,t,5,3,e,以,I,t,K,0.,9,5,K,,,则,0,.,2,3,t,*,5,3,19,53,66,.,0,.23,,,所,以,,,0.,2,3,t,5,3,l,n,1,9,3,,,解,得,t,3,故选,:,C,.,【考,点,】,对,数,的,运,算,,,指,数与,对,数,的,互化,5,.,【,答,案,】,B,【解析】根据题中所给,的,条,件,OD,OE,,结合抛物线的对称性,可,知,DOx,EOx,,从而可以确定,4,出,点,D,的坐标,,,代入方程求,得,p,的值,,,进而求得其焦点坐标,,,得到结果,.,因为直,线,x,2,与,抛物,线,4,y,2,2,px,p,0,交于,E,,,D,两点,,,且,OD,OE,,,根据,抛,物线,的,对,称,性,可,以,确,定,DOx,EOx,,,所以,D,2,,,2,,代,入,抛,物,线,方,程,4,4,p,p,1,,求得,所,以,其,焦,点,坐,标为,1,2,,,0,,,故,选,:,B,.,【考,点,】,圆,锥,曲,线,,,直,线,与抛,物,线,的,交,点,,,抛,物,线,的对,称,性,,,点,在,抛,物,线,上,的条,件,,,抛,物,线,的,焦,点,坐,标,6,.,【,答,案,】,D,【解,析,】,计,算,出,a,a,b,、,a,b,的,值,,,利,用平,面,向,量,数,量,积,可,计,算,出,cos,a,,,a,b,的,值,.,,,a,5,b,6,,,a,b,6,,,a,a,b,2,2,2,2,a,a,b,5,2,6,19,.,a,b,a,b,a,2,a,b,b,25,2,6,36,7,,,因此,,cos,a,,,a,b,19,1,9,a,a,b,a,a,b,5,7,3,5,.,故,选,:,D,.,【考,点,】,平,面,向,量,夹,角,余,弦值,的,计,算,,,平,面,向,量,数,量积,的,计,算,,,向,量,模,的,计,算,7,.,【,答,案,】,A,【,解析,】,根据已,知,条件结,合,余弦,定,理求,得,AB,,,再根,据,cos,B,AB,2,BC,2,AC,2,2,AB,BC,,,即,可求,得,答,案,.,在,3,ABC,中,,cos,C,2,,,AC,4,,,BC,3,.,根,据,余,弦,定,理,:,AB,2,AC,2,BC,2,2,AC,BC,cos,C,,,222,AB,4,3,2,4,3,2,3,AB,2,BC,2,AC,2,9,9,16,1,2,AB,BC,2,3,39,,可得,AB,2,9,,即,AB,3,.,由,cos,B,,,故,cos,B,1,.,故,选:,A,.,9,【考,点,】,余,弦,定,理,解,三,角,形,2,/,14,1 e0.23t 53e以 I t ,8,.,【,答,案,】,C,【解,析,】,根,据,三,视,图,特征,,,在正,方,体,中,截,取,出,符,合,题,意的,立,体,图形,,,求,出,每个,面的,面积,,,即,可,求,得,其表,面,积.,根据,三,视,图,特,征,,,在,正,方,体中,截,取,出,符,合,题,意,的,立,体图形,2,根据,立,体,图,形,可,得,:,S,ABC,S,ADC,S,CDB,1,2,2,2,根据,勾股,定,理,可,得:,AB,AD,DB,2,2,ADB,是边,长,为,2,2,的等,边,三,角,形,根,据三,角,形,面,积,公,式,可,得,:,222,ADB,S,1,A,B,AD,sin,6,0,1,2,2,2,3,2,3,,,该,几,何,体,的,表,面,积,是:,3,2,2,3,6,2,3,.,故选,:,C,.,【考,点,】,根,据,三,视,图,求,立,体图,形,的,表,面,积,,,根,据,三,视图,画,出,立,体,图,形,9,.,【,答,案,】,D,【解,析,】,利,用,两,角,和,的,正,切,公,式,,,结,合,换,元,法,,,解,一,元,二次,方程,,,即,可,得,出,答案,.,4,2,tan,tan,7,,,2,tan,tan,1,7,,,令,t,tan,,,t,1,,,则,2,t,1,t,7,,,整理,得,t,2,4,t,4,0,,,解,得,t,2,,,即,tan,2,.,1,tan,1,t,故选,:,D,.,【考,点,】,利,用,两,角,和,的,正,切公,式,化,简,求值,10,.,【,答,案】,D,【解,析,】,根,据,导,数,的,几,何,意义,设,出,直,线,l,的方,程,,,再,由直,线,与,圆,相,切,的,性,质,,,即可,得,出,答,案,.,设,直,线,l,在,曲,线,y,x,上的,切,点为,00,0,x,,,x,,,则,x,0,2,x,0,2,x,,,函数,y,x,的,导,数为,y,1,,,则,直,线,l,的斜,率,k,1,,,设,直,线,l,的,方,程,为,y,0,0,0,1,2,x,x,00,x,x,,,即,x,2,5,x,y,x,0,,,由,于直,线,l,与,圆,x,2,y,2,1,相,切,,,则,x,0,1,0,1,4,x,5,00,0,0,5,,两边平方,并,整理,得,5,x,2,4,x,1,0,,解,得,x,1,,,x,1,(舍,),,则直,线,l,的方程,为,x,2,y,1,0,,即,y,1,x,1,.,故,选,:,D,.,22,3,/,14,8.【答案】C2根据立体图形可得: SABC S A,【考,点,】,导,数,的,几,何,意,义,的应,用,,,直,线,与,圆,的,位,置,的应用,11,.,【,答,案】,A,【解析】,根,据双曲,线,的,定,义,三角,形,面积公,式,,,勾,股定理,,结,合离心,率,公,式,,即可得,出,答案,.,c,5,,,a,1,c,5,a,,根,据,双,曲,线,的,定,义,可得,PF,12,2,PF,2,a,,,S,1,PF,PF,2,PF,1,F,2,4,,即,PF,1,PF,2,8,,,F,1,P,F,2,P,2,2,2,1,,,PF,2,P,F,2,4,c,2,,,即,a,2,5,a,2,4,0,,解得,1,2,2,c,,,1,2,2,PF,PF,PF,PF,a,1,,故,选,:,A,.,【考,点,】,双,曲,线,的,性,质,以,及定,义,的,应,用,,,勾,股,定,理,,三,角,形,面,积,公,式,的,应用,12,.,【,答,案】,A,【解,析,】,由,题,意,可,得,a,、,b,、,c,0,,,1,,,利用,作,商,法,以,及,基,本,不,等,式可,得,出,a,、,b,的大,小,关,系,,,由,b,log,8,5,,,1,3,55,得,8,b,5,,,结,合,5,5,8,4,可,得,出,b,4,,,由,c,log,8,,,得,13,c,8,,,结,合,13,4,8,5,,,可,得,出,c,4,,,综,合,可,得,出,a,、,b,、,c,的,大,小,关,系,.,由,题,意,可,知,a,、,b,、,c,0,,,1,,,8,2,a,log,3,lg,3,lg,8,b,log,5,lg,5,lg,5,1,lg,3,lg,8,2,lg,3,lg,8,2,lg,24,2,lg,5,2,5,2,lg,5,lg,25,1,,,a,b,;,由,b,log,8,5,,,得,8,b,5,,,5,1,3,由,5,5,8,4,,,得,8,5,b,8,4,,,5,b,4,,,可,得,b,4,;,由,c,log 8,,,得,13,c,8,,,由,13,4,8,5,,,得,13,4,13,5,c,,,5,c,4,,,可,得,c,4,.,综,上,所,述,,,a,b,c,.,故选,:,A,.,5,【考,点,】,对,数,式,的,大,小,比,较,,基,本,不,等,式,、,对,数,式,与指,数,式,的,互,化,,,指,数,函,数单,调,性,的,应用,二,、,填空题,13,.,【,答,案,】,7,【,解,析,】,作,出,可,行域,,,利,用,截,距,的,几,何,意,义解,决,.,不,等,式,组,所,表,示,的可,行,域,如图,.,因,为,z,3,x,2,y,,所,以,y,3,x,z,,,易,知,截,距,z,越大,,,则,z,越,大,,,平,移,直,线,y,3,x,,,当,y,3,x,z,经过,A,点,时,截距,最大,,,此,时,222222,4,/,14,x,1,y,2,m,a,x,z,最大,,,由,y,2,x,,,得,x,1,,,A,1,,,2,,,所,以,z,3,1,2,2,7,.,故,答案,为,:,7,.,【考点】导数的几何意义的应用,直线与圆的位置的应用1c ,【考,点,】,简,单,线,性,规,划,的,应用,,,求,线,性,目,标,函,数,的,最大值,14,.,【,答,案,】,240,2,6,【,解,析,】,写,出,x,2,x,2,6,x,二项式展,开,通项,,,即可,求,得常,数,项,.,x,2,其二项,式,展开通项,:,6,6,r,r,2,6,r,r,1,6,2,r,r,r,1,2,2,r,r,r,12,3,r,C,x,2,x,C,2,x,,,当,1,2,T,C,x,x,3,r,0,,,解,得,r,4,,,6,2,2,x,x,的,展,开,式中,常,数,项,是,:,C,4,2,4,C,2,16,15,16,240,.,故,答,案为,:,240,.,66,【考,点,】,二,项,式,定,理,,,利,用通,项,公,式,求,二,项,展,开,式,中的,指,定项,15,.,【,答,案,】,2,3,【解,析,】,与,球,有,关,的,组,合,体问,题,,,一,种,是,内,切,,,一,种是,外,接,.,解,题,时,要,认,真分,析图,形,,,明,确,切,点,和,接,点,的,位置,,,确,定,有,关,元,素,间,的,数量,关,系,,,并,作,出,合,适,的,截面,图,,,如,球,内,切,于,正,方,体,,,切,点,为,正,方,体,各,个,面,的中,心,,正,方,体,的,棱,长,等,于,球,的直,径,;,球,外,接,于,正,方,体,,正,方,体,的,顶,点,均,在,球,面,上,,,正,方,体,的,体,对,角,线,长,等于,球的,直,径,.,将,原,问,题,转,化为,求解,圆,锥,内,切,球,的,问,题,,,然后,结,合,截,面,确,定,其,半,径,即可,确,定,体,积,的,值,.,易,知半,径 最大,球,为,圆,锥,的,内,切,球,,,球与,圆,锥,内,切,时,的,轴,截,面,如图,所,示,,,其中,BC,2,,,AB,AC,3,,且点,M,为,BC,边上,的,中,点,,,设,内,切,圆,的,圆心,为,O,,,由于,AM,3,2,1,2,2,2,A,B,C,2,,故,S,1,2,2,2,2,2,,设,内,切,圆,半,径,为,r,,,则,:,5,/,14,【考点】简单线性规划的应用,求线性目标函数的最大值2 ,1,AB,r,1,BC,r,1,AC,r,1,3,3,2,r,2,2222,S,ABC,S,AOB,S,BOC,S,AOC,2,,解,得,:,r,2,,其,体,积,:,V,4,r,3,2,.,故,答,案,为,:,2,.,2333,16,.,【,答,案,】,【解,析,】,利,用,特殊,值,法,可,判断,命,题,的,正,误,;,利,用,函数,奇,偶,性,的,定,义,可,判,断,命,题,的,正误,;,利,用,对,称性的,定,义,可,判断命,题,的正误,;,取,x,0,可判断,命,题,的,正,误,.,综,合可得,出,结,论,.,对于,命,题,,,f,1,2,2,6,5,1,22,,,f,2,6,5,2,,,则,f,f,6,6,y,,,所,以,,,函数,f,x,的,图,象,不,关于,轴对,称,,,命题,错,误,;,对,于,命,题,,,函数,f,x,的,定,义,域,为,x,x,k,,,k,Z,,定,义,域关,于,原,点,对,称,,,f,x,sin,x,sin,x,sin,x,sin,x,sin,x,111,sin,x,f,x,,所,以,,,函,数,f,x,的图,象,关,于,原点,对称,,,命,题,正,确,;,对,于,命题,,,1,1,cos,x,2,2,cos,x,,,sin,x,2,f,x,sin,x,1,1,f,x,sin,x,cos,x,2,2,sin,x,2,cos,x,,则,f,x,f,x,2,2,,所,以,,,函,数,f,x,的图象,2,1,6,/,14,sin,x,关于,直,线,x,对称,,,命,题,正,确,;,对,于,命,题,,,当,x,0,时,,sin,x,0,,,f,x,sin,x,0,2,,,命题,错,误,.,故,答,案,为,:.,【考,点,】,正,弦,型,函,数,的,奇,偶性,、,对,称,性,,,最,值,的,求,解,三、解答题,17,.,【,答案,】,(,1,),a,2,5,,,a,3,7,,,a,n,2,n,1,,,当,n,1,时,,a,1,3,成立,;,假,设,n,k,时,,a,k,2,k,1,成,立,.,那,么,n,k,1,时,,a,k,1,3,a,k,4,k,3,2,k,1,4,k,2,k,3,2,k,1,1,也成,立,.,则,对,任意,的,n,N,*,,,都,有,a,n,2,n,1,成立,.,(,2,),S,n,2,n,1,2,2,n,1,【解,析,】,(,1,),利,用,递,推,公,式得,出,a,2,,,a,3,,猜,想,得,出,a,n,的,通,项公,式,,,利,用,数,学,归,纳,法,证明,即,可,.,由,题,意可,得,a,2,3,a,1,4,9,4,5,,,a,3,3,a,2,8,1,5,8,7,,由,数,列,a,n,的前,三,项,可,猜想,数,列,a,n,是以,3,为,首,项,,2,为,公,差,的,等,差,数,列,,,即,a,n,2,n,1,,证,明,如,下,:,当,n,1,时,,a,1,3,成,立,;假,设,n,k,时,,a,k,2,k,1,成,立,.,那,么,n,k,1,时,,a,k,1,3,a,k,4,k,3,2,k,1,4,k,2,k,3,2,k,1,1,也成,立,.,则,对,任意,的,n,N,*,,,都,有,a,n,2,n,1,成立;, 1 AB r 1 BC r 1,(,2,),由,错,位,相,减,法,求,解即,可.,由,(,1,),可,知,,,a,n,2,2,n,1,2,,,nn,S,n,3,2,5,2,7,2,2,n,1,2,2,n,1,2,,,23,n,1,n,2,S,n,3,2,5,2,7,2,2,n,1,2,2,n,1,2,,,由,得:,234,n,n,1,n,2,2,1,2,n,1,1,2,S,6,2,2,2,2,3,2,n,2,n,1,2,n,1,6,2,2,n,1,2,n,1,1,2,n,2,n,1,2,,,即,S,n,2,n,1,2,2,.,n,1,【考,点,】,求,等,差,数,列,的,通,项公,式,,,利,用,错,位,相,减,法,求数,列,的和,18,.,【,答案,】,(,1,),该,市,一天,的空,气,质,量,等,级,分,别,为,1,、,2,、,3,、,4,的,概,率,分,别为,0.43,、,0.27,、,0.21,、,0.09,(,2,),350,(,3,),有,,2,2,列,联,表,如,下:,人,次,400,人,次,400,空气,质,量,不,好,33,37,空气,质,量好,22,8,1,0,0,3,3,8,37,2,2,2,K,2,55,45,70,30,5.820,3.841,,,因,此,,,有,95%,的把,握,认,为一,天中,到,该,公,园,锻,炼,的,人,次,与该市,当天,的,空,气,质,量,有,关,.,【解,析,】,(,1,),根,据,频,数,分,布表,可,计,算,出,该,市,一,天,的,空气,质,量,等,级,分别,为,1,、,2,、,3,、,4,的,概,率,.,由,频,数,分,布表,可,知,,,该,市,一,天,的,空,气,质量,等,级,为,1,的,概,率,为,2,16,25,0.43,,,等级,为,2,的,概,率,为,5,10,12,0.27,,,等,级,100100,为,3,的,概,率,为,6,7,8,0.21,,等,级,为,4,的概,率,为,7,2,0,0.09,.,100100,利,用,每,组,的,中,点,值乘,以频,数,,,相,加,后除,以,100,可得,结,果,.,由,频,数,分,布,表可,知,,一,天,中,到,该,公,园,锻,炼,的,人次,的,平,均,数,为,100,20,300,35,500,45,350,.,100,根,据,表,格,中,的,数,据完,善,2,2,列,联,表,,,计,算,出,K,2,的观,测,值,,再,结,合,临,界,值,表,可,得,结,论.,2,2,列,联,表如 下:,7,/,14,人,次,400,人,次,400,空气,质,量,不,好,33,37,空气,质,量好,22,8,(2)由错位相减法求解即可.由(1)可知, an 2 ,1,0,0,3,3,8,37,2,2,2,K,2,55,45,70,30,5.820,3.841,,,因,此,,,有,95%,的把,握,认,为一,天中,到,该,公,园,锻,炼,的,人,次,与该市,当天,的,空,气,质,量,有,关,.,【考,点,】,利,用,频,数,分,布,表,计算,频,率,和,平,均,数,,,独,立,性检,验,的,应,用,2,1,1,1,1,19,.,【,答案,】,(,1,),在,棱,CC,上,取,点,G,,,使,得,C,G,1,CG,,连接,DG,、,FG,、,C,E,、,C,F,,,1 1,1,11111,1,2,在,长方体,ABCD,A,B,C,D,中,,AD,BC,且,AD,BC,,,BB,CC,且,BB,CC,,,C,G,1,CG,1,1,1,33,BF,2,FB,,,CG,2,CC,2,BB,BF,且,CG,BF,,所,以,,,四,边形,BCGF,为,平,行,四边,形,,则,AF,DG,且,AF,DG,,,同,理,可,证,四,边形,DEC,1,G,为,平,行四,边,形,,,C,1,E,DG,且,C,1,E,DG,,,C,1,E,AF,且,C,1,E,AF,,则,四,边形,AEC,1,F,为,平,行,四,边,形,,因,此,,,点,C,1,在,平,面,AEF,内,.,(,2,),42,7,【解,析,】,(,1,),连,接,C,1,E,、,C,1,F,,,证,明出,四,边形,AEC,1,F,为,平,行,四,边,形,,进,而,可,证,得,点,C,1,在,平,面,AEF,内,.,在,2,1,1,1,1,棱,CC,上,取,点,G,,使,得,C,G,1,CG,,,连,接,DG,、,FG,、,C,E,、,C,F,,,8,/,14,100 33 8 37 222K 2 5,1 1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,在,长方体,ABCD,A,B,C,D,中,,AD,BC,且,AD,BC,,,BB,CC,且,BB,CC,,,C,G,1,CG,1,1,1,33,BF,2,FB,,,CG,2,CC,2,BB,BF,且,CG,BF,,所,以,,,四,边形,BCGF,为,平,行,四边,形,,则,AF,DG,且,AF,DG,,,同,理,可,证,四,边形,DEC,1,G,为,平,行四,边,形,,,C,1,E,DG,且,C,1,E,DG,,,C,1,E,AF,且,C,1,E,AF,,则,四,边形,AEC,1,F,为,平,行,四,边,形,,因,此,,,点,C,1,在,平,面,AEF,内;,(,2,),以,点,C,1,为,坐,标,原,点,,,C,1,D,1,、,C,1,B,1,、,C,1,C,所,在,直,线,分,别,为,x,、,y,、,z,轴建立,空,间,直,角,坐,标系,C,1,xyz,,利,用,空,间,向,量,法,可,计,算,出二,面,角,A,EF,A,1,的余,弦,值,,,进,而,可求,得,二,面,角,A,EF,A,1,的正弦,值,.,以,点,C,1,为坐,标,原,点,,,C,1,D,1,、,C,1,B,1,、,C,1,C,所在,直,线,分,别为,x,、,y,、,z,轴,建,立如,下,图,所,示,的,空,间,直,角,坐标,系,C,1,xyz,,则,A,2,,,1,,,3,、,A,1,2,,,1,,,0,、,E,2,,,0,,,2,、,F,0,,,1,,,1,,,AE,0,,,1,,,1,,,AF,2,,,0,,,2,,,m,AF,0,m,AE,0,A,1,E,0,,,1,,,2,,,A,1,F,2,,,0,,,1,,,设,平面,AEF,的,法,向,量,为,m,x,1,,,y,1,,,z,1,,,由,,得,y,1,z,1,0,2,x,11,2,z,0,取,z,1,1,,得,x,1,y,1,1,,,则,m,1,,,1,,,1,,,设,平面,A,1,EF,的,法,向量,为,n,x,2,,,y,2,,,z,2,,,n,A,1,F,0,0,122,22,n,A,E,y,2,z,0,由,,,得,2,x,z,0,2,,取,z,22,2,,得,x,1,,,y,4,,,则,n,1,,,4,,,2,,,3,7,7,3,21,m,n,m,n,cos,m,,,n,7,7,,设,二,面角,A,EF,A,1,的,平,面,角,为,,则,cos,,,7,sin,1,cos,2,1,42,.,因,此,,,二,面角,A,EF,A,的,正,弦,值,为,7,42,.,9,/,14,1 1 1 1111112在长,【考,点,】,点,在,平,面,的,证,明,,利,用,空,间,向,量,法,求,解,二,面角,1,2525,x
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