阅读理解技巧一词义推测题

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语阅读理解题中,词义推测题,阅读理解高分技巧,词义推测题,猜测词义题是从特定的角度考查考生的阅读理解能力和处理生词的能力。猜测词义包括对词、词组和句意的理解，是高考英语试题阅读理解中的一类必考题。,I,took off,but had gone only a few miles when black smoke poured from the back of car.I stopped and wondered what I should do.,61.The words“took off”underlined in paragraph 2 mean _ A.turned off B.moved off,C.put up D.set up,We couldnt afford all the necessary medication for him,and because Dad was unable to work.I had no money for school supplies and often couldnt even buy food for dinner.I would sit in class feeling completely lost,the teachers words muffled,as I tried to figure out how I was going to manage.,61.What can we learn from the underlined sentence?A.Kerrel couldnt understand her teacher.B.Kerrel had special difficulty in hearing.C.Kerrel was too troubled to focus on the lesson.D.Kerrel was too tired to hear her teachers words.,猜测词义题常见的解题方法：,（一）上下文线索猜测词义,任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析而推测词义，是阅读过程中的一大关键，也是高考的热点。,如：,If he thinks he can invite me out,he is,all wet,.I dont like to be with him.A.drunkB.sweatingC.happyD.mistaken,根据,I dont like to be with him,我们感受到说话人的语气。我不愿意跟他在一起，那么，他要邀请我出去是不可能的,他就大错特错了。因此答案,D,。,练习：,（,1,）,A deaf and dump guy went into a,hardware store,to ask for some nails.,（,2,）,The climate of the west coast is the most,moderate,in Canada,summers are cool and fairly dry and winters are mild,cloudy and wet.Even in mid-winter,the temperature is usually above freezing.,（,3,）,All the houses in the city,collapsed,during the earthquake.,（,4,）,For people who live,within a stones throw,from the office to be late to work is unforgivable.,（,5,）,The,conflagration,was so fierce that with just a few second one could see towering flames where the house had stood and the smoke which filled the sky could be seen for miles and miles.,答案：（,1,）五金店（,2,）温和的（,3,）坍塌（,4,）一步之遥（,5,）大火灾,（二）根据定义或解释猜测词义,阅读文章中的有些生词尤其是新闻报导及科普类文章中的生词，往往在其后有对该词进行解释说明性的短语或句子，如,to be,that is,mean,stand for,namely,to refer to,to mean,in other words,等，有时也以同位语、定语从句的形式出现，或用破折号、括号来表示。,如：,Some ships carried,cargo,such as coal,oil and military supplies(,军用物资,),while others carried only passengers.,分析：,such as,后所列举物品均为,“,货物,”,，由此推断,cargo,的意思相同，和后面的,passengers,形成对比。,练习,(1)Yet,shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems,such as,shoplifter,who always take away things from the shop without paying for them.,（,2,）,The best football,basketball and tennis players can become,professional,that means they will have a career in sports and will get money when they play.,（,3,）,Kleptomania,is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.,（,4,）,The word“,lefty,”means a person who uses his or her left hand for writing,eating and other jobs.,（,5,）,Doctors recommended that everyone exercise every day,particular those who spend many hours doing,sedentary,activities like reading,typing or sewing.,（,6,）,A person who has the SARS,（非典型肺炎）,may have,symptoms,like coughing and a high temperature.,答案：,(1),商店里偷东西的人（,2,）职业的（,3,）盗窃癖（,4,）左撇子,“,的,”,（,5,）久坐的（,6,）症状,（三）,.,根据反义词或反义关系,有的文章作者为了增强表达效果，会用一对反义词揭示事物的不同点，形成鲜明的对比，这时只要把握其中的一词，就不难推出另一词的含义，这种句子多见,unlike,although,but,yet,while,on the contrary,on the other hand,for one thing,for another,instead of,rather than,等信息词。,如：,One idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information.,Quite the reverse,business polite,life itself is games which we must normally play with very imperfect information.A.Quite right.B.Time enough.C.Most unlike.D.Just the opposite.,分析：由前句中,perfect information,到后面,imperfect information,这一组对比关系的词，我们可以推断应为,“,对比、相反,”,的意思。,练习：,1,Unlike the Unite States where many different nationalities make up the population,Japans population is quite,homogeneous,.2.Thousands of people got stuck in lifts.But no one,panicked,we passed the time telling stories.3.Most of us agreed;however,Gary,dissented,.4.He is,homely,not at all as handsome as his brother.,答案：,1.,单一民族的,2,。慌张,3,。不同意,4,。不英俊,(,四,).,根据同义词或近义词关系,常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有,or,like,similarly,等。如：,Millions of animals die each year on US roads,the Highway administration reports.In fact,only about 80,ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the US today.,分析：从后面的同位语,an endangered wild cat,可知,“ocelot”,是一种野生猫,练习：,1,Not every historic,mansion,church,battle site,theatre and other public halls can be preserved.2,We should,therefore,learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately,or they will make our speech silly and,vulgar,.3,Their friends laughed at them,and my sister felt,wretched,very unhappy.,大厦,粗俗的，庸俗的,极不愉快的,（五）利用例证性线索,某些冷僻的词汇后面会举一个例子，使词汇具体易懂。,for example,like,such as,等连接性词语往往用来举例说明前面较难理解的名词。如：,You can take any of the,periodicals,:,The World of English,Foreign Language Teaching in School,or English Learning,.,分析：通过后面的例子：英语世界、中小学外语教学、英语学习，可知,periodicals,为,“,期刊杂志,”,练习：,1,Many United Nations emloyees are,polyglots,:Mr.Simpson,for example,speaks five languages fluently.,2,The largest player-Shanghai Bashi Tourism Car Rental Center offers