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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2017/12/6,#,医患烧伤病人护理,PPT,医患烧伤病人护理PPT,1,目,录,1,烧伤病人概述,2,3,4,烧伤临床表现和诊断,烧伤护理评估,烧伤护理措施,目1烧伤病人概述234烧伤临床表现和诊断烧伤护理评估烧伤护理,2,烧伤病人概述,1,Summary of burn patients,烧伤病人概述1Summary of burn patient,3,The cause of the burn,烧伤的原因,The cause of the burn,致伤原因,热力,(热水、蒸汽、火焰),化学物质(强酸、强碱),电,放射线,The cause of the burn烧伤的原因The,4,Burn pathological physiology,烧伤的病理生理,Burn pathological physiology,70%,30%,40%,60%,修复期,伤后,5-8,天始,添加标题,在此录入上述图表的综合描述说明,在此录入上述图表的综合描述说明,在此录入上述图表的综合描述说明。,添加标题,在此录入,上亮亮图文旗舰店,休克期,伤后,48-72h,内,感染期,72h,后,Burn pathological physiology烧伤,5,烧伤临床表现和诊断,2,Burns, clinical manifestations and diagnosis,烧伤临床表现和诊断2Burns, clinical mani,6,Burn area,烧伤面积,Burn area,2.,中国新九分法,1.,手掌法,伤员本人五指并拢的手掌面积为体表总面积的,1%,。,将人体体表面积划分为,11,个,9%,另加,1%,构成,100%,。,适用于大面积烧伤的评估。,Burn area烧伤面积Burn area2. 中国新九分,7,The depth of the burn,烧伤的深度,The depth of the burn,伤及皮肤表皮,3-7,天愈合,不留瘢痕,I,烧伤,伤,及真皮乳头层,2,周愈合,不留瘢痕,可有色素沉着,浅,II,烧伤,伤,及真皮深层 感觉迟钝、有拔毛痛。,3-4,周痊愈,留有瘢痕,深,II,烧伤,伤及皮肤全层、达肌肉,/,骨骼层 感觉消失 愈合慢,愈合后疤痕增生。,III,烧伤,The depth of the burn烧伤的深度The,8,The depth of the burn,烧伤的深度,The depth of the burn,轻度烧伤,II,面积,50%,III,20%,或已有严重并发症,The depth of the burn烧伤的深度The,9,Inhalation injury,吸入性损伤,Inhalation injury,吸入火焰、蒸汽、浓烟等致,口鼻周围、面、颈部有深度烧伤,燃烧现场相对封闭,呼吸道刺激症状:声,哑呼吸困难,、哮鸣音、咳炭末样痰,诊断依据,Inhalation injury吸入性损伤Inhalati,10,The,characteristics of special types of burns,特殊类型烧伤的特点,The characteristics of special types of burns,电击伤,化学烧伤,* “,入口”损伤比“出口”严重,* “,入口”皮肤焦裂样洞穴,*,出入口,之间深部组织,不规则,进行,性坏死,*,局部反应,重、全身反应轻,电击伤,*,硫酸,、硝酸、盐酸、石碳酸等致,*,少见水疱,*,皮革样焦痂,*,创面蜡白,/,青灰色,*,疼痛剧烈,化学烧伤,The characteristics of special,11,烧伤护理评估,3,Burn care assessment,烧伤护理评估3Burn care assessment,12,After the injury assessment,伤后评估,After the injury assessment,1,、受伤,史,原因,(热源)、时间、现场、有无合并伤等,2,、,伤情,After the injury assessment伤后评,13,The cause of the burn,烧伤的原因,The cause of the burn,(,2,)感染期,(,1,)休克期,(,3,)修复期,(,2,)感染期,*,呼吸功能评估,*,血容量评估,*,烧伤面积和深度,*,伤情分类:按烧伤的严重程度,2,)消化道并发症,应激性溃疡,麻痹性肠梗阻,出血性胃炎,急性胃扩张,1,)创面和全身感染,*,创面恶化,*,意识障碍,*,寒战、高热或体温不升,*,脉搏、心率加快血压下降,*,血培养阳性,*,血象改变,1,)营养状况,2,)运动功能,3,)疤痕,The cause of the burn烧伤的原因The,14,01,02,03,04,05,06,自我形象紊乱,与烧伤后毁容肢残及功能障碍有关,组织灌注量改变,与烧伤后体液丢失、循环血容量不足有关,体液不足,与烧伤后体液大量丢失有关,有窒息的危险,与吸入性烧伤有关,营养失调,低于机体需要量 与烧伤后营养物质大量消耗有关,皮肤完整性受损,与烧伤和长期卧床有关,Nursing diagnosis/problem,护理诊断,/,问题,Nursing diagnosis/problem,010203040506自我形象紊乱与烧伤后毁容肢残及功能障,15,烧伤护理措施,4,Burn care measures,烧伤护理措施4Burn care measures,16,Burn,ward disinfection isolation requirements,烧伤病房的消毒隔离要求,Burn ward disinfection isolation requirements,01,02,03,04,吸入性损伤的护理,休克期的护理,创面的护理,感染的护理,Burn ward disinfection isolati,17,Nursing care of inhalation injury,吸入性损伤的护理,Nursing care of inhalation injury,鼓励,伤员深呼吸、用力咳嗽及咳痰,及时,清理口鼻分泌物,可,应用支纤镜,/,气道灌洗,必要,时行气管切开,(一,),保持呼吸道通畅,氧浓度,40%,,,CO,中毒高,浓度,吸氧,降低,HbCO,(,二,),吸,氧,掌握输液速度,防止急性肺水肿,(,三,),输液,Nursing care of inhalation inj,18,Shock phase of care,休克期的护理,Shock phase of care,03,02,01,严密观察病情,生命体征,血氧饱和度,尿量、尿比重、,pH,血生化,CVP,、,PCWP,液体疗法的护理,观察指标:尿量,/,小时,成人:,30ml /,小时,儿童:,20ml /,小时,婴幼儿:,10ml /,小时,液体疗法的护理,输液,顺序,:,先晶后胶,先,盐后糖,先,快后慢,早期,补碱,Shock phase of care休克期的护理Shock,19,Wound care,创面的护理,Wound care,1.,包扎疗法的护理,(,1,)抬高肢体,(,2,)观察肢端血循环,(,3,)保持敷料干燥,(,1,)保持室内合适的温(,28-32,)、湿度,(70%),(,2,)保持创面的干燥,(,3,)约束肢体,(,4,)环形焦痂 观察呼吸和肢端血运,(,5,)定时翻身,1,次,/4-6,小时,2.,暴露疗法的护理,Wound care创面的护理Wound care1. 包扎,20,Infection of nursing,感染的护理,Infection of nursing,严格,消毒隔离制度,1,严密观察,病情,早期发现烧伤脓毒症,2,加强各种治疗性导管护理,4,口腔护理和会阴护理,3,细菌培养,5,加强营养,6,Infection of nursing感染的护理Infec,21,谢谢聆听,医患,PPT,/,框架完整,/,精美大气,/,护理,ppt,谢谢聆听医患PPT/框架完整/精美大气/护理ppt,22,
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