2021高一语文寒假作业同步练习题：现在进行时被动语态

2021高一语文寒假作业同步练习题：现在进行时被动语态1At present, lots of food and medicine are being _(运输) from all over the world to the earthquake-stricken areas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】transported【详解】考查被动语态。句意：目前，大量的食品和药品正从世界各地运往地震灾区。根据汉语提示“运输”以及上文are being提示，这是现在进行时的被动语态，此处应填动词的过去分词形式，表示被动，故填transported。2Firefighters took action_(立即) to stop the blaze spreading. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】immediately【详解】考查副词。句意：消防队员立即采取行动阻止火势蔓延。分析句子成分可知，所设空处作状语修饰动词短语took action，意为“立即采取行动”，故应用副词，故填immediately。3The countrys economic problems are largely _(因为) to the weakness of the recovery. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】due【详解】考查固定短语。句意：该国的经济问题很大程度上是因为经济复苏乏力。“因为”是介词短语due to，故填due。4Alaskan Eskimos believe that every _(活的)_(生物)possesses a spirit. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】living creature 【详解】考查形容词和名词。阿拉斯加的爱斯基摩人认为每个活着的动物都有灵魂。根据中文提示“生物”，以及上文every可知，第二个空填名词作从句中的主语。另根据中文提示“活的”可知，第一个空应填形容词在从句中作定语。故填living；creature。5All the _(货物) are on site so that we can set out to build the scaffold. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】goods【详解】考查名词。句意：所有货物都在现场，我们可以搭建脚手架了。“货物”是goods，故填goods。6In the larger _(街区), I usually feel very unsafe. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】neighbourhood【详解】考查名词。句意：在较大的街区，我感到非常不安全。根据其前的介词in和修饰语“the larger”可知，所设空处应用名词，做介词in的宾语，根据汉语提示，“街区”可译为neighbourhood，结合句意，故填neighbourhood。7Palm trees _(搅动) in the soft Pacific breeze. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】stir【详解】考查动词。句意：棕榈树在太平洋和煦的微风里轻轻摇动。分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语，表示的是一种事实，用一般现在时。“搅动”是stir，主语是复数，谓语用原形。故填stir。8The project is aimed at how we could be more _(有效的) in encouraging students to enter the training course. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】effective【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个项目的目的是如何在鼓励学生参加课程培训的问题上更有效。此处作表语用形容词，more后用原形。故填effective。9More resources are being_(分派) to the project. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】allocated【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：正在调拨更多的资源给这个项目。句子主语“resources”和动词“allocate”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，所以语态要用被动语态。结合句子的时态为现在进行时，所以空白处填allocated。故填allocated。10Nowadays new technology is being _ to almost every industrial process.(被应用)（根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】applied【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：如今，几乎每一个工业过程都在应用新技术。根据汉语提示“被应用”以及空前的is being，可知需填动词applied，与is being构成现在进行时的被动语态。故填applied。语法专题（现在进行时被动语态）现在进行时的被动语态表示“说话时或现阶段正在被干的动作”， 主语是动作的承受者。一现在进行时被动语态的构成1肯定形式：主语+am/is/arebeing过去分词 The house is being painted. 房子正在被粉刷。2. 否定形式: 主语+am/is/arenotbeing过去分词 The trees are not being watered.树木没有正在被浇水。3. 疑问形式: Am/Is/Are主语being过去分词？Is the bridge being built in the village?村子里的桥正在被修吗？二主动语态变被动语态的方法:1.将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。2.将主动谓语变为被动谓语(am/is/arebeing+过去分词)。3.将主动语态的主语变为by短语(在被动句中用作状语, 若不强调动词执行者，被动语态中的by短语通常可以省略)。Scientists are studying the new disease 主语 谓语 宾语at present.The new disease is being studied at present 主语 谓语by scientists. 状语They are building nine parks.主语 谓语 宾语Nine parks are being built (by them). 主语 谓语 状语练习题：11Look! A lot of modern art _(show) at the exhibition. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is being shown【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：快看！很多现代艺术品正在展览中。根据句意及Look可知，很多现代艺术品正在展览中，应使用现在进行时被动语态，主语art艺术品作集合名词，不可数，视作单数。故填is being shown。12The new iPhone_ (sell) for the first time today. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is being sold【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：新的iPhone今天首次发售。分析句子可知，句中缺少谓语，空处需填动词，根据句意可知，句中时态用现在进行时可以表示正在发生的动作或即将发生的动作，此处以the new iPhone作主语，与谓语动词sell构成被动关系，用被动语态，主语是单数，谓语动词用单数，故填is being sold。13A new bridge is now_(construct) across the river and will be completed next month. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】being constructed【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：一座横跨这条河的新桥正在建造中，将于下月完工。根据句中时间状语now可知，用现在进行时。主语 bridge 与construct之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填being constructed。14Look, the new bridge _ (build) over there! It will be open to traffic soon. （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】is being built【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意：看，那边正在修新桥!很快就可以通车了。根据“It will be open to traffic soon.”可知，新桥还未建成，根据“Look”可知，新桥正在修建中，所以句子用现在进行时。主语bridge和动词build（修建）之间构成被动关系。故填is being built。15They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house _ (paint). （用所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】is being painted【详解】考查时态/语态。句意：他们现在和父母一起住，因为他们的房子正在装修。分析句子可知，设空处为原因状语从句的谓语，结合句意“他们现在和父母一起住”可知他们的房子正在装修，时态用现在进行时，主语house与动词paint之间为被动关系，所以使用现在进行时的被动态，结构为be being done，主语为单数，故填is being painted。16Rainforests _ (cut) and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】are being cut【详解】考查时态语态。句意：热带雨林正以如此快的速度被砍伐和烧毁，以至于在不久的将来它们将从地球上消失。根据“they will disappear from the earth in the near future”（在不久的将来，他们将从地球上消失）可知，热带雨林正被砍伐和烧毁，所以时态用现在进行时。主语热带雨林和cut（砍伐）构成被动关系，主语是复数。故填are being cut。17A new cinema _ (build) here. They hope to finish it next month. （用单词的适当形式填空）【答案】is being built【详解】考查时态/语态。句意：这里正在建一座新电影院。他们希望下个月完成。分析句子结构可知，第一个句子缺少谓语，由句意可知时态为现在进行时，主语cinema与动作build(建造)之间为被动关系，谓语动词应使用被动语态结构be done, 主语cinema为单数，谓语动词用单数形式，故填is being built。18Your car _(check), we are working on it.（所给单词适当形式填空）【答案】is being checked【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：你的车正在接受检查，我们正在进行。主语your car和check之间为逻辑上的被动关系；根据we are working on it可知，此处应该是“你的车正在接受检查”，应用现在进行时的被动语态；主语your car是单数第三人称，be动词应用is。故填is being checked。19At present, lots of food, water, tents and medicine _(transport) from all over the country to the epidemic-stricken area. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】are being transported【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：目前，大量的食品、水、帐篷和药品正在被运往疫情区。根据句意可知，“食品、水、帐篷和药品”与“运送”之间是被动关系，且表示现阶段正在进行或从事的动作，应用现在进行时的被动语态，主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。故填are being transported。20Where is Mr. Blade? He _(investigate) for fraud(诈骗). (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】is being investigated【详解】考查时态。句意：布雷德先生在哪里？他因为诈骗正在接受调查。根据句意可知，是正在接受调查，用现在进行时，主语he与谓语investigate之间是被动关系，因此，使用现在进行时的被动语态be being done形式，主语是he，be用is。故答案为is being investigated。阅读理解（完形填空）Anns neighbor Tracy found a lost dog wandering around the local high school. She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on it. Ann said that she could 21 it only for the day.Tracy took photos of the 22 and printed off 400 FOUND fliers (传单), and put them in mailboxes. Meanwhile, Ann bought some pet 23 in the dollar store nearby, and warned her two 24 not to fall in love with it. At the time, Anns son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was 25 from a heart operation, was 21 years old.Four days later Ann was still 26 the dog, whom they had started to 27 Riley.When she came back home from work, the dog 28 itself against the screen door and barked 29 at her.As soon as she opened the door, Riley 30 into the boys room where Ann 31 that Jack was suffering a heart attack. Riley ran over to Jack, and as soon as Ann bent over to 32 him, the dog went 33 If it hadnt come to get me, the 34 said Jack would have died, Ann reported to a local newspaper. At this point, no one had called to 35 the dog, so Ann decided to keep it.The next morning Tracy got a call. A man named Peterson 36 his dog and called the 37 on the flier. Tracy started 38 ，and told him, That dog 39 my friends son.Peterson drove to Anns house to 40 his dog, and saw Thomas and Jack crying in the window. After a few moments Peterson said, Maybe Odie was supposed to fmd you, maybe you should keep it.21AacceptBcontrolCwatchDtrain22AdogBneighborCschoolDhouse23AbooksBtoysCclothesDsupplies24AsonsBbrothersCdaughtersDsisters25AescapingBrecoveringCresigningDdying26Aplaying withBlooking afterCthinking ofDtalking about27AcallBvisitCmeanDmention28ArestedBsupportedCknockedDthrew29AangrilyBaimlesslyCmadlyDweakly30AstaredBreachedCdashedDfollowed31AbelievedBfoundCheardDremembered32AwakeBcalmCcarryDhelp33AsilentBcrazyCsadDangry34AreporterBdoctorCwriterDowner35AretreatBgreetCcomfortDclaim36AappreciatedBmissedCrecognizedDraised37AnameBnumberCwitnessDpaper38AarguingBcheeringCshoutingDcrying39AsavedBtrustedCneededDunderstood40Ashow offBgive upCpick upDsee off【答案】21C22A23D24A25B26B27A28D29C30C31B32D33A34B35D36C37B38D39A40C【分析】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了一条丢失的狗被好心人捡回家，由朋友照顾，并救了朋友家儿子的感人故事。21考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ann说她只能照看一天。A. accept接受；B. control控制；C. watch观察；照看；D. train训练。根据上文She asked Ann if she could keep an eye on it.可知她问安能不能帮她照看一下，可对应到C选项watch表示“照看”。故选C。22考查名词词义辨析。句意：Tracy给这只狗拍了照片，打印了400张寻狗启事，然后把它们放进了邮箱。A. dog狗；B. neighbor邻居；C. school学校；D. house房子。根据上文Anns neighbor Tracy found a lost dog可知是给狗拍照，故选A。23考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Ann在附近的一元店买了一些宠物用品。A. books书；B. toys玩具；C. clothes衣服；D. supplies物资；供应品。根据下文in the dollar store可知是在商店里买狗用的物品，故选D。24考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ann警告她的两个儿子不要喜欢上它。A. sons儿子；B. brothers兄弟；C. daughters女儿；D. sisters姐妹。根据下文Anns son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack可知Ann有两个儿子，故选A。25考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，Ann的儿子托马斯10岁，杰克21岁，刚刚做完心脏手术。A. escaping逃跑；B. recovering恢复；C. resigning辞职；D. dying死亡。根据下文from a heart operation可知是从心脏手术中恢复，短语recover from“恢复；痊愈”，故选B。26考查动词短语辨析。句意：四天后，Ann还在照看那只狗。A. playing with玩耍；B. looking after照顾；C. thinking of想起；D. talking about谈论。根据上文still可知四天后Ann还在照看狗。故选B。27考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们已经开始叫它Riley了。A. call称呼；B. visit拜访；C. mean意味着；D. mention提及。根据语境可知他们开始称呼这只狗Riley，故选A。28考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她下班回家时，那只狗扑倒在纱门上。A. rested休息；B. supported支持；C. knocked敲；D. threw扔。短语throw oneself“投身于；扑向”故选D。29考查副词词义辨析。句意：Riley对她狂吠。A. angrily生气地；B. aimlessly漫无目的地；C. madly疯狂地；D. weakly虚弱地。根据下文可知Riley察觉到了Jack有危险，因此狂吠发出警告。故选C。30考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一打开门，Riley就冲进男孩们的房间A. stared盯着；B. reached到达；C. dashed猛冲；D. followed跟随。短语dash into“冲进；冲入”，故选C。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ann发现Jack心脏病发作了。A. believed相信；B. found发现；C. heard听见；D. remembered记得。Ann是在男孩们的房间里发现了Jack心脏病发作了。故选B。32考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ann弯腰帮助他。A. wake醒来；B. calm使平静；C. carry搬运；D. help帮助。Jack心脏病发作，因此Ann弯腰是为了帮助他。故选D。33考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ann一弯下腰去帮助他，狗就安静下来了。A. silent沉默的；B. crazy疯狂的；C. sad悲伤的；D. angry生气的。Riley实现了自己想要帮助Jack的目的，因此安静下来了。故选A。34考查名词词义辨析。句意：要不是它来门口接我，医生说Jack早就死了。A. reporter记者；B. doctor医生；C. writer作家；D. owner所有者。心脏病发作应是去找医生，医生对这一情况所说的话，故选B。35考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时，还没有人来认领这条狗，所以安决定留着它。A. retreat撤退；B. greet打招呼；C. comfort安慰；D. claim宣称；认领。根据上文no one had called to可知还是没有人来认领Riley，故选D。36考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个叫Peterson的人认出了他的狗。A. appreciated欣赏；B. missed错过；思念；C. recognized认出；D. raised上升。根据句意可知选C。37考查名词词义辨析。句意：拨打了传单上的号码。A. name名字；B. number数字；电话号码；C. witness证人；目击者；D. paper纸。根据上文Tracy took photos of the dog and printed off 400 FOUND fliers, and put them in mailboxes.可知Tracy打印了传单，因此男人是拨打了传单上的电话号码找到他们的。故选B。38考查动词词义辨析。句意：Tracy开始哭泣。A. arguing争吵；B. cheering欢呼；C. shouting呼喊；D. crying哭泣。因为Riley救了Tracy朋友的儿子，因此Tracy不舍得狗被带走，因此哭泣。故选D。39考查动词词义辨析。句意：那条狗救了我朋友的儿子。A. saved拯救；B. trusted相信；C. needed需要；D. understood理解。根据上文If it hadnt come to get me, the doctor said Jack would have died 可知Riley救了Jack，故选A。40考查动词短语辨析。句意：Peterson开车去Ann家接他的狗，看见Thomas和Jack在窗户里哭。A. show off炫耀；B. give up放弃；C. pick up捡起；接；D. see off送行；送别。Peterson开车去Ann家是为了接回自己的狗。故选C。写作（续写）阅读下面短文, 根据所给情节进行续写, 使之构成一个完整的故事。Robert and Henry were two friends in the same class. They always played together and went home together. One day Robert and Henry were going home from school, when, on turning a corner, Robert cried out, “A fight! Lets go and see!”“No,” said Henry. “Let us go quietly home and not meddle with(插手) this quarrel. We have nothing to do with it and may get into mischief(trouble). Also our parents are expecting to have dinner with us together at home and I dont want them to worry about me. ”“You are a coward, and afraid to go,” said Robert, and off he ran. Henry went straight home, and in the afternoon went to school as usual.But Robert had told all the boys that Henry was a coward, and they laughed at him a great deal. From then on, they looked down upon Henry and didnt want to play with him together.Henry was sad but he wasnt angry with Robert for his rude behavior, because he learned that true courage is shown most in bearing misunderstanding when it was not deserved, and that he ought to be afraid of nothing but doing wrong. Thus, he just ignored the other boys laughter and continued to go to school and study as well. However, Robert didnt invite Henry to go home with him anymore. Instead, he had some other boys who also thought Henry was a coward. Every day after school, they didnt go home directly but went to the river or somewhere to play games and had a lot of fun.A few days later, Robert was bathing with his new friends in a river, and got out of his depth. He struggled, and screamed for help, but all in vain. The boys who had called Henry a coward got out of the water as fast as they could, but they did not even try to help him.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1:Robert was fast sinking. _Paragraph 2:Thus, Roberts life was saved. _【答案】Robert was fast sinking. It seemed as if Robert would be drowned. Just at the moment, Henry happened to be passing by. Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation. He reached Robert just as he was sinking the last time. By great effort, and with much danger to himself, he brought Robert to the shore.Thus, Roberts life was saved. Robert and his new friends were ashamed at having called Henry a coward. They realized that Henry had true courage. They said sorry to Henry for their rude behavior and asked for his forgiveness. Henry forgave them happily. He and Robert were friends again and they went home together as usual. From this, Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。文章主要讲述Robert因Henry拒绝观看打架，认为Henry是胆小鬼，并告知其他同学，使得大家都不愿意和Henry玩。但是Henry认为真正的勇敢应该是除了做坏事不畏惧任何事情，所以Henry没有在意大家的嘲笑。几天后，Robert和他的新朋友们在河里游泳，Robert在深水区呼救，但是没有人救他。【详解】读后续写要求考生首先要读懂已有信息，不仅能读懂字面含义，还要理清文章的脉络。续篇短文时，考生要搞清楚故事的发展进程、前因后果、地理位置、人物思想情感的变化等。在此基础上，考生要顺着文章的思路，根据线索，发挥想象，对其后的情节进行合理预测，并用语言表达出来，续写时注意词数应为150左右。这篇短文续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：Robert迅速地下沉。由前一段的最后一句“那些称Henry为胆小鬼的男孩们尽可能快地离开水面，但是他们甚至并没有尝试去帮助他。”以及后一段给出的段首句“所以Robert的生命得到了挽救。Robert和他的新朋友们都为之前称Henry为胆小鬼而羞愧”可知，本段接下来要详细写Henry如何不怕危险，勇敢地救助Robert。第二段开头是：所以Robert的生命得到了挽救。Robert和他的新朋友们都为之前称Henry为胆小鬼而羞愧。由给出的段首句可知，接下来要详细描写Robert和他的新朋友为自己之前的行为向Henry道歉，认识到了什么才是真正的勇敢，并和Henry最终重归于好。【点睛】本文作者所续写内容符合文章的发展进程，情节合理，字数符合要求。作者在文中较多的使用非谓语动词结构，复合句句式，使得文章句式灵活多变。如“Hearing the screams, Henry ran to the riverside, threw off his clothes and jumped into the water without hesitation.”使用的是现在分词作状语，“It seemed as if Robert would be drowned.”使用了表语从句，“They realized that Henry had true courage.”和“Robert learned what true courage was: never be afraid to do good, but always fear to do evil.”使用了宾语从句。