2021高一英语寒假作业同步练习题：部分倒装句

2021高一英语寒假作业同步练习题：部分倒装句单词默背1As we know, water _(存在) in three forms: solid, liquid and gas. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】exists【详解】考查动词和一般现在时态。句意：众所周知，水以三种形式存在: 固体，液体和气体。根据汉语提示，“存在”可译为exist，该句陈述的是客观事实，因此用一般现在时，water是不可数名词，作主语时谓语动词用单数，故填exists。2The book is _(保留) to whoever comes first. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】reserved【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：这本书是留给第一个来的人的。根据汉语提示和空前的is，可知谓语动词用一般现在时的被动语态，reserve意为“保留”，空处需填reserve的过去分词形式。故填reserved。3The government is the highest _(权威) in the country. (根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】authority【详解】考查名词。 句意：政府是这个国家的最高权威。根据汉语提示，该空填名词authority，意为“权威”，结合句意和空前形容词最高级可知，应该用名词单数形式。此处作为句子表语。故填authority。4She does not like anyone to challenge her _(权威). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】authority【详解】考查名词。句意：她不喜欢任何人挑战她的权威。根据汉语提示“权威”以及her可知此处应填入名词authority作宾语，故填authority。5The government warned that police would take tougher _(措施) to stop the trouble. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】measures【详解】考查名词。句意：政府警告说警察将采取更为强硬的措施来平息这场动乱。根据汉语提示“措施”，以及上文tougher可知此处应填名词作宾语，measure“措施”，为可数名词，根据句意用复数，故填measures。6In order to maximize _(利润), the firm would try to maximize output. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】profit【详解】考查名词。句意：为了将利润最大化，这家公司将试图将产量最大化。此处作宾语用名词，profit是不可数名词，故填profit。7The organisms were forced to _(适应) in order to survive. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】adapt【详解】考查动词和固定用法。句意：为了生存，这些生物被迫适应环境。根据句意和汉语提示，可推出是动词adapt，be forced to do sth.被迫做某事，该用法是固定用法，所以填adapt。8The _(平均的) adult man burns 1,500 to 2,000 calories per day. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】average【详解】考查形容词。句意：一个普通成年男子每天消耗1500到2000卡路里热量。根据汉语提示“平均的”和下文的adult man可知此处应填入形容词average作定语，an average adult man表示“一个普通成年男子”，故填average。9Changing money on the street is_(非法的) always use a bank. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】illegal【详解】考查形容词。句意：在街头兑换货币是非法的一定要去银行。“非法的”是形容词illegal，在句中作表语。故填illegal。10We must take a _(科学的) approach to the problem. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）【答案】scientific【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们必须采取科学的方法解决这个问题。根据汉语提示“科学的”可知应填形容词scientific，作定语修饰名词approach。故填scientific。语法专题（部分倒装）只把助动词/系动词/情态动词提到主语前面，叫部分倒装。主要有：1.only副词/ 介词短语/ 状语从句开头的句子。如：Only then did I realize the importance of English.直到那时我才意识到英语的重要性。Only in this way can you make progress in your English.只有通过这种方式你学英语才会取得进步。2.否定词（短语）开头的句子要用部分倒装。表示否定的副词never，nor，neither,表示半否定意义的副词hardly，few，seldom，little，含有no和not的词组by no means（决不），in no time（很快），at no time（在任何时候都不），（在任何情况下都不）not until，not only.but also，no sooner.thanhardly.when/scarcely.即否定词助动词/情态动词主语其他。如：Never have I been in this city.我从没到过这座城市。Little/Seldom do I watch TV.我很少看电视。Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted.直到我参加了工作我才意识到我浪费了多少时间。3.以so开头，用 so助动词/情态动词/系动词主语表示前面叙述的情况也适合于另一个人或物，意为也，同样，也如此。表示前面叙述的否定情况也适合于另一个人或物，用neither/nor助动词/情态动词/系动词主语。 Society has changed and so have the people in it.社会变了，人也变了。注意：1)当so表示对前句内容的肯定、符合，或进一步强调前面所说的情况，或者赞同前面的说法时，应用自然语序。意为 的确，正是。Tom works hard.汤姆工作很卖力。So he does and so do you.的确如此，你也是。2）倒装部分的助动词、情态动词、连系动词的时态和形式要与前句相一致。If you dont go，neither/nor shall I.（If you dont go，I shall not go.）你不去，我也不去。注意：表示前面的多种情况也适合于另一人或物，或者既有肯定又有否定情况或涉及到不同类型的动词时可用：It is the same with sth./sb.或 So it is with sth./sb.句型。She does well in English，but is poor in maths. So it is with Lucy.她英语学得好，但数学学得差，露茜也是如此。4.由as引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形as主语其他。如：Clever as he is，he doesnt study well.虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。Child as he is， he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。5.在so.that从句中，如果soadj./adv.放在句首，其主句要倒装。So loudly did he speak that everyone could hear him.他讲话声音足够大，以至于每个人都能听得见。6.如果虚拟条件句的谓语含有were，should ，were可以把if省略而将这三个词放于条件句主语前构成倒装。If it hadnt been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work on time.Hadnt it been for their help，we couldnt have finished the work on time.要不是由于他们的帮助，我们不可能按时完成那项工作。7.频度副词及短语often，always，now and then ，many a time ，every other day等放在句首时有时也倒装。Many a time has he come to comfort me.他来安慰了我好多次。8.某些表示祝愿句子也用倒状语序。May you succeed.祝你成功！练习题：11_ professional is the expert that we have learned a lot from him. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】So【详解】考查结果状语从句与倒装。句意：专家是如此专业，以至于我们从他那里学到了很多东西。so+adj. / adv.+ that 意为“如此.以至于.”引导结果状语从句，当so+adj. / adv. 置于句首，则其后的句子要用倒装语序。根据分句中主语 the expert 在谓语动词 is 之后，可知本句把so与形容词 professional提到了句首，其后使用了倒装语序，so 位于句首，首字母大写。故填So。12Child_ he was, he had a good command of English. (用适当的词填空)【答案】as/though【详解】考查倒装结构。句意：他虽然还是个孩子，但英语掌握得很好。这里为as/though引起的让步状语从句的倒装，其结构为：名词/形容词/副词/动词 +as/though +主语+动词。故填as/though。13Child _ he is, (yet) he knows a lot of Chinese characters. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】as/though【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管还是一个孩子，他知道很多中国汉字。分析句子可知，此处是让步状语从句的倒装句，其结构为“ n/adj./ adv./v + as/though + 主语+ 谓语”（as引导时必须倒装，though引导时可以倒装），当名词提前时，要省略冠词，Child as/though he is“尽管他是个孩子”。故填as/though。14Hot _the night air was, we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.（用适当的单词填空）【答案】as/though【详解】考查连词。句意：尽管夜晚的空气炎热，我们睡得很深，因为长途旅行后我们太累了。hot置句首，句子倒装，根据句意，此处是让步状语从句，as或者though引导让步状语从句，表语置句首倒装，故填as/though。15Intelligent student _ he is, he doesnt study hard. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】as/though【详解】考查状语从句引导词。句意：尽管他是一个很聪明的学生，但是他不努力。由句意可知，这是一个让步状语从句，从句子结构可知使用了让步状语从句的倒装句式“名词+as/though +主语+动词，缺少引导词，故填as/though。16Only then _ I understand what she meant. （用适当的单词填空）【答案】did【详解】考查倒装及时态。句意：直到那时我才明白她的意思。only+状语位于句首，后部分倒装，把助动词提前。根据从句时态可知，用一般过去时。故填did。17Not only _（do）the sun give us light，but（also）it gives us heat. (所给词的适当形式填空）【答案】does【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：太阳不仅给我们光，还给我们热。结合语境和下文的gives，可知本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时；not only置于句首时，所在句子要进行部分倒装，即把“情态动词/be/助动词”置于主语之前，本句主语the sun是第三人称单数，谓语动词为give，对应的助动词应是does。故填does。18Only by communicating with each other more frequently _ they clear away the misunderstandings and solve the conflict.【答案】can【详解】考查部分倒装。“only状语”位于句首，主句要部分倒装。句意：只有通过经常沟通，他们才能清除误会，解决问题。结合语意可知答案是can。19_ violent was the typhoon which hit the area that supplies of water and electricity were cut off. （用适当的词填空）【答案】So【详解】考查固定短语。句意：袭击该地的台风如此的猛烈以至于水电供应被切断了。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语sothat“如此.以至于.”，将so+ adj置于句首时，主句需部分倒装；本句中的“so violent was the typhoonthat”为部分倒装，符合sothat置句首时的倒装要求。故填So。20Only if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way, _ we achieve our dream.(用适当单词填空)【答案】will/can【详解】考查部分倒装。句意：只有正确地处理和克服大量困难，我们才能实现我们的梦想。 if we deal with and overcome large numbers of difficulties in a correct way是条件状语从句，从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时，“主将从现”，主句应为we will/can achieve our dream，only +状语从句，主谓部分到装，把will/can提前。故填will/can。阅读理解（说明文）No one can believe that the Great Wall might disappear some day. Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger. The Great Wall can be called “great” mostly because of its amazing length. But we should realize that the length was made up of one brick at a time. If we do nothing to save the Great Wall, it will become a series of separate wasteland rather than a historic site.The Great Wall is actually a series of walls built and rebuilt by different dynasties over the past 2,000 years. It began in the rule of Chinas first emperor, Qin Shihuang of the Qin Dynasty, and lasted into the Ming Dynasty. The parts built before the Ming Dynasty have nearly disappeared. People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years. But those sections far away from the public eyes have been almost forgotten.Few local people knew the 3metrehigh walls made of earth and stones beside them are part of the Great Wall. The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons.The bricks on the Great Wall were carried off by local countryside people to build their houses, sheep corrals (畜栏) and pigsties (猪圈). Some were taken away to build roads. Bricks carved with peoples names are put away as remembrance (纪念). Rubbish is spread over the battlements (城垛). The bricks can be sold for 15 yuan per tractor load. Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning. It will take a long time to let them know this. The local farmers not only carried off the body of the Great Wall but dug out the entire base.It is necessary to preserve the Great Wall. The officials should be aware of the importance of the Great Wall. Young Chinese should know more about the nations great civilization and learn to love it.21The underlined part in Paragraph 2 refers to the parts of the Great Wall _.Athat are too difficult to understandBthat nobody can watchCthat are not well known to the publicDthat are too far to be seen22Whats the main reason for the Great Walls being destroyed?AThe local people are short of cultural knowledge.BThe local people need bricks and stones to build houses.CThe local people think the Great Wall is not important.DThe bricks of the Great Wall can be sold for money.23Why does the author say the Great Wall might disappear?AIt is useless from now on.BIt will be replaced by a new one.CSome parts of it are being destroyed.DIts too old to be used once again.【答案】21C22A23C【分析】本文是一篇说明文。历史文化古迹长城正在遭到破坏，由于人们对于古迹缺乏认识做了许多破坏性的事情，呼吁人们要保护好长城。21词句猜测题。根据划线部分前面的“People are familiar with sections such as Badaling in Beijing and Jiayuguan in Gansu because they have been open to tourists for many years.”可知，人们对北京的八达岭和甘肃的嘉峪关都很熟悉，因为它们已经对游客开放了很多年。再根据划线部分中的But可知，此处与上文描述的情况形成转折。即那些不被向游客开放的地方则会远离公众的视线，不会为公众所熟悉。故选C。22细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The lack of knowledge is considered as one of the main reasons.(知识的缺乏被认为是主要原因之一)”及第四段中的“Those who destroyed and are destroying the Great Wall know its name, but are not clear about its cultural meaning.(那些摧毁和正在摧毁长城的人知道它的名字，但不清楚它的文化意义)”可知，长城被破坏的主要原因是当地人缺乏文化知识。故选A。23推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Believe it or not, the Great Wall is being destroyed by people. Less than 20 percent of the Great Wall built in the Ming Dynasty is still perfect, but about 80 percent is in danger.(信不信由你，长城正在被人破坏。建于明代的长城只有不到20%的部分是完美的，但是大约80%的部分处于危险之中)”可知，长城的很大一部分正在遭受破坏，所以作者说长城可能会消失。故选C。写作（改错）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。注意:1.每句不超过两个错误；2.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；3.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Even a few days after the tug-of-war (拔河), I can still feel the sense of happy at the school sports meeting. It was the close match at the beginning. But the other team were a little powerful than us. They finally take the chance and beat us. Since our team failed to move on for the second round, we were satisfied of ourselves. After all, our strong team spirit, worked together like a family, was been shown that day.Winning would have been nice, but the sense of satisfaction what came from pulling together still feels good. It is the spirit of teamwork that matter.【答案】1. happyhappiness2. close前的thea 3. powerful前加more 4. taketook 5. SinceThough/Although/While 6. ofwith 7. workedworking 8. 删除shown前的been 9. whatthat/which 10. mattermatters【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了几天前我们虽然输掉了拔河比赛，但我们认识到了团队精神的重要性。【详解】第一处：考查名词。句意：即使是拔河比赛已经过去了好几天，我仍然能感受到在学校运动会上快乐的感觉。介词of后接名词作宾语，故happy改为happiness。第二处：考查冠词。句意：比赛开始时双方势均力敌。可数名词match在文中第一次出现，用不定冠词表泛指，a close match表示“一场势均力敌的比赛”，故close前的the改为a。第三处：考形容词比较级。句意：但是对手比我们力气更大一些。“than”表明此处用形容词比较级形式，故powerful前加more。 第四处：考查时态。句意：他们最终抓住机会，击败了我们。事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故take改为took。第五处：考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我们没能进入第二轮，但我们对自己很满意。前后是让步而非因果关系，故Since改为Though/Although/While。第六处：考查固定搭配。句意同上，be satisfied with表示“对满意”，故of改为with。第七处：考查非谓语动词。句意：我们强大的团队精神，像一家人一样一起努力，在那一天得到了展示。our strong team spirit与work之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作状语，故worked改为working。第八处：考查被动语态。句意同上，our strong team spirit与show之间是被动关系，本句已经使用了被动语态was shown，been是多余的，故删掉been。第九处：考查定语从句。句意：获胜是件好事，但团结在一起的满足感仍然让人感觉很好。本句为定语从句，关系词指代先行词the sense of satisfaction并在从句中作主语，故what改为that/which。第十处：考查主谓一致。句意：重要的是团队精神。本句为强调句型，强调的是主语the spirit of teamwork，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故matter改为matters。