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免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 考点 10 被动语态 一、教材重点回顾： 1、被动语态的含义 英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即: 主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于 中文中常说的“ 被”“由” 的句式， 其主语是动作的承受者。 如:“他的自行车被偷了。” ，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。” 2、被动语态的结构 那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢?请看下面的例句(注意划线部分): This is called “the greenhouse effect.” They are called renewable sources. 通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是: be+及物动词的过去分词+（by+动作执行者） 3、被动语态的运用：下面几种情况一般要用被动语态 (1)不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。 例如: Paper is made from wood. 纸是由木材生产出来的。 He was wounded in the fight. 他在战斗在受伤了。 Electricity is used to run machines. 电是用来开动机器的。 (2) 不需要强调动作的对象时。例如: Calculator cant be used in the maths exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。 Books in the reading room mustn t be taken away. 阅览室的书籍不准带走。 (3) 句子的主语是物。 Spanish is spoken as the official language there. 在那里西班牙语被当作官方语言来说。 4、各种时态的被动语态：最主要是要掌握 be 动词的各种时态变化: 1）、一般现在时的被动语态。 am/is/are +动词的过去分词 One is known as the one-child policy. 其中一项被称为独生子女政策 Sea waves are used for producing electricity. 海浪用来发电。 2）、一般过去式的被动语态: was/ were +动词的过去分词 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ Big family were crowded into small houses. 大家庭被挤一间小房子里。 Electric vehicles were developed in the 1990s. 电动汽车是 20 世纪 90 年代被发展了。 3）、现在进行时的被动语态: am /is/ are + being+动词的过去分词 A new factory is being built in our city now. 现在我们市里一家新工厂正在被兴建。 Some trees are being cut down in the park. 一些公园里的树木正在被砍伐。 4）、过去进行时的被动语态: was/were+ being+动词的过去分词 A new factory was being built in our city at that time. 那时候在我们市里一家新工厂正在被兴建。 Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year. 去年，一些宝宝正在被陈小姐照看着。 5）、一般将来时的被动语态: (A) will/shall + be +动词的过去分词 (B) am/ is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词. Some new factories will be built in our city this year. 今年我们市里将要兴建一些新工厂。 Your watch is going to be mended in an hour. 你的手表将在一小时内（被）修好。 6）、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would/ should + be+动词的过去分词 (2).was/ wee +going to be +动词的过去分词. She said that some new factories would be built in our city. 她说在我们市里将要兴建一些新工厂。 He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour. 他认为你的手表将在一个小时内被修好。 7）、现在完成时的被动语态 have /has + been+动词的过去分词 Their materials have been changed so that it feels more comfortable. 它们的材料已经被更换了，为了它摸起来更舒服。 8）、过去完成时的被动语态 had + been+动词的过去分词 He said that some new factories had been built in the city. 他说在市里一些新工厂已经被兴建了。 9）、含情态动词的被动式: can/may/must + be + done A lot of water can be saved by forests. 大量的水可以被森林储存下来。 主动语态变被动语态： 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 1.从 句子意义 上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”作为句子的主语，来表示是“被完成”的。 例 1. 主动语态: 人们说英语。 People speak English in many countries. 被动语态: 英语被说。 English is spoken in many countries. 例 2. 主动语态: 我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year. 被动语态: 这座桥被建造。This bridge was built last year. 2、从 语法角度 说，把原句的宾语改成主语。 例 1. 主动语态: 小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party. 被动语态: 你(宾语)被邀请。 You has been invited to a lunch party by XiaoWang. 例 2. 主动语态: 你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room. 被动语态: 杂志(宾语)不准被带走 These magazines must not be taken out of the reading-room. 例 3. (可接双宾语的动词如：give, send, show, buy 等变被动语态可有二种变化形式）。 主动语态: 他们授给他(宾语 )枚奖章(宾语). They gave him a medal for his wonderful work. 被动语态: 他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work. 被动语态: 一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他 . A medal was given to him for his wonderful work. 二、中考考点梳理 1、被动语态的结构： be +及物动词的过去分词(p. p) 被动语态的不同时态是通过 be 的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持致其具体变化 为: 一般现在时: am/is/ are+p. p. 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 一般过去时: was/ were+p. p. 一般将来时: shall / will be +p. p. 现在完成时: have / has been +p. p. 过去完成时: had been +p. p. 现在进行时: am/is/ are +being+p. p. 过去进行时: was/were +being+p. p. 过去将来时: should / would be +p. p. 含情态动词的被动结构:情态动词 +be+p. p. 2、初中教材中常用被动语态的表达有： 1. be covered with 被覆盖 2. be made of 由制作(发生物理变化) be made from 由制作(发生化学变化) be made in 由(某地) 制造 be made by 被(某人) 制造 3. be used for 被用来 be used as 被当作(作为) 来使用 be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 4. It is said that. 据说 It is hoped that. 希望 It is well known that. 众所周知 Its reported that 据报道 Its not decided that 尚未决定 Its believed that 据认为 Its announced that 据宣布 3. 主动语态表被动的情况 (1) open, lock, write, read, sell, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive 等词作不及物动词时，它们的主语为物， 可用主动语态表被动意义。如: This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种钢笔写起来很流畅。 (2) look, sound, taste, smell, fell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如: 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ Light music sounds soft. 轻音乐听起来很柔和。 (3)be worth doing 用主动形式表被动意义。如: This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 (4) want/ need/ require + doing 相当于 want/ need/require+to be done。to be done 为不定式的被动结构。 My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. 我的自行车需要被修理。 4.被动语态的几种特殊形式 1). 一感(fee1) 二听(1isten, hear) 三让(make, 1et, have) 四看 (look, see,watch, notice) 以上动词做谓语动词时，在主动语态中与省略 to 的不定时连用，而在被动语态中要与带 to 的不定 时连用，即: 主动语态 to 省略，被动语态 to 回来 。 I often see him help the old. 我经常看到他帮助老人。 He is often seen to help the old by me. 他经常被我看到帮助老人。 2).双宾语变被动语态时，直接或间接宾语均可转化为主语，但直接宾语变主语时，间接宾语前常加上 介词 or 或 to。 Jack bought a gift for me. 杰克为我买了一份礼物。 A gift was bought for by Jack. 或 I was bought a gift by Jack. 3).一些动词短语用于被动语态时，要是为一个整体，不能丢掉其中的介词或副词。 We must finish the work carefully. 我们必须认真完成这项工作。 The work must be finished carefully by us. 这项工作必须由我们认真完成。 4).带有复合宾语的动词变为被动语态时，只变宾语为被动句主语，宾语补足语不变。 I asked her to go with me. 我叫她跟我一起去。 She was asked to go with me. 她被我叫着一起去。 5.不能用被动语态的情况 1).谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语 时，不用被动语态。如: happen, take place, take off 等。 2).有些及物动词或短语也无被动语态。如: cost, leave, enter, reach, have, wish, belong to, mind 等。 3).宾语为反身代词、相互代词、不定式、现在分词等时，不能变为被动语态。 4).系动词无被动语态。如: be, become, feel, get, look, seem, smell, sound, taste, turn 等。 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 1、典例分类 1. His car _ five years ago, but it looks quite new. A.buys B.bought C.is bought D.was bought 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子有个明显的一般过去时标志词 ago, 故确定用一般过去时。根 据题意，他的小车是被他买的。所以用被动语态。故答案是 was bought D。 2. -Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him? -No problem! I think he to think twice before starting. A. should be told B. shouldnt be told C. should tell 【答案】A 【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态。根据题意应该是 Tom 他应该被告诉开始行动前要三思。所以得是 should be told，答案是 A。 3. Around the world, 300 million tons of plastic _each year, of which about 10 percent ends up in the sea. A. is created B. was created C. creates 【答案】A 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。该句中 3 亿吨塑料每年被制造出来了，主语是塑料，所以还得是用 被动语态。故答案选 A。 4. -Where will the 2022 Winter Olympics _ , Cindy? -In Beijing, the capital of China, the first city to host both Summer and Winter Olympics. A.be taken place B.take place C.take part D.be taken part 【答案】B 【解析】考查不用被动语态的特殊情况。当谓语动词为不及物动词或不及物动词短语时，不用被动语态。 如: happen, take place, take off 等。所以答案选 B。 5. -Dr. Bethune helped a lot of Chinese in the 1930s, he is a great international soldier. -I know, so he _ still _ in both China and Canada now. A.has; remembered B.is; remembered C.will; remember D.is ; remembering 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。意思是白求恩现在还被中国和加拿大人们所纪念。故答案用 B。 6. Gina went to the doctors yesterday and she _ about the importance of good living habits once more. 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ A.told B.is told C.was told D.has told 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。Gina 是昨天去看医生时被医生告知好的生活习惯的重要性。所以答 案是 C。 7. These machines _ in their factory by themselves last year. A.make B.made C.are made D.were made 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。根据题意：这些机器去年是在他们工厂里被制造的。be made in+地 点，表示在哪里被制造。故答案选 D。 8. Its reported the medals for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo _ from 100% recycled material. A. are making B. have made C. is made D. will be made 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是 2020 年，是一般将来时。而奖牌是被制作 的。所以得用一般将来时的被动语态，will be made，故用答案 D。另：be made from 用做的（看不出 原料）。 9. The villagers expect that the building of the bridge _ before the rainy season comes. A. is completed B. was completed C. will be completed D. has been completed 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意是村民们希望在雨季之前修好桥，是一般将来时。所以用一般 将来时的被动语态。故答案用 C。 10. -Lucy, what have you learnt from this history class? -Paper _fast _about 2,000 years ago in China. A. is; invented B. was; invented C. is; inventing D. was; inventing 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子有明显的一般过去时标志词 2,000 years ago, 故确定用一般过去 时。纸张是被发明出来的，所以用被动语态。故答案为 B。 11. The Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge in 2018. We are proud of it. A. is completed B. is completing C. was completed D. completes 【答案】C 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是 2018 年，是一般过去时。而港珠澳大桥是 被修建的。所以得用一般过去时的被动语态，故用答案 C。 12. The China International Search and Rescue Team has brought help and hope to people in disasters around the world since it 18 years ago. A. set up B.is set up C. was set up D. will be set up 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句子中的时间标志词是 18 years ago，是一般过去时。中国国际救援 队是 18 年前被创建的，所以得用一般过去时的被动语态，故用答案 C。 二、易混易错点拨 1. The 2021 International Horticultural Expo _ in Yangzhou. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。2021 年是一般将来时，园艺博览会将在 2021 年被举办。所以用一 般将来时的被动语态。很多人会用习惯性思维直接选 B. will hold，这是思虑不周全的结果。所以答案选 D。 2. Unluckily, Notre Dame de Pairs（巴黎圣母院）_ this April. We felt so sad for that. A.was burnt B.is burnt C.has been burnt 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。巴黎圣母院今年四月被烧了，明显是一般过去时的被动语态，故答 案选 D。有些人会觉得 this April 是一般现在时，从而错误地选了 B。 3. In Chinese culture , children born in the Year of the Monkey _ to be smart. A.say B.said C.will be said D.are said 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题意为在中国的文化里，猴年出生的孩子被说是聪明的。用被动语 态的情况是显而易见的。故答案用 D。 4. A babys first month birthday is a special event in China and_with a special party. A. celebrates B .is celebrated C. was celebrated D.will celebrate 【答案】B 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。首先宝宝的满月生日是被庆祝的。而 and 前后的 be 动词形式要一致， 前面是 is a special event，所以后面也用 is celebrated。所以答案选 B。 5. It is said that one Greater Bay Area university _ in Guangdong in the future. A.will be built B. build C. will build D. is built 【答案】A 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句子有明确的将来时 in the future, 大学又是被举办的，所以用 will be built。有些人在粗心地选答案 C.will build。 6. - I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. -You know they _ by the hard-working cleaners every day. A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中的这些街道每天早上是被辛勤的清洁工们清扫干净了的。句中 有明显的被动语态的标志词 by, 所以用 are cleaned。故答案选 B。 7. -Im tired of cleaning the house. -Sweeping robotsmore and more widely_ today. Why not buy one? A. are used B. were used C. are using D. used 【答案】A 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中的意思是说，扫地机器人现在越来越广泛地被使用了，所以是 用 are used。但是有很多人看到 today 就会选用现在进行时 are using，属于理解有误。 8. -Oh, your room is too dirty, Mike! -Sorry, Mum. It _yesterday. I forgot to do it. A. didnt clean B. isnt cleaned C. was cleaned D. wasnt cleaned 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意是我的房间昨天没有被打扫，有 yesterday 这样的过去时标志词， 所以只能选择 wasnt cleaned。 9.（2019 湖南益阳） A lot of trees _ every spring in Yiyang city. A. plant B. is planted C. are planted 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。由 every spring 可知本句要用一般现在时，大量的树被种植。故答 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 案选 C. are planted. 10. These cakes_ with chocolate. Have one, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题目的意思是这些蛋糕里被塞了巧克力，所以选 C. are filled。此题 要注意不要选 D.were filled 了，有的人说这些蛋糕里被塞了巧克力是已经完成了这个动作，要用一般过去 时。其实不然，这里只是说明这些蛋糕现在这时的状态，仅仅是说明它们现在的形态，与动作无关。 1. - Perfect photos! Good skills! - Thank you. They _ by my Huawei mobile phone. In fact, I am not skillful at all. Atook Bwere taken Cwill be taken 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。此题虽然没有明确的表示一般过去时的标志词，但是经过理解可得 知，这些照片是已经被拍了的，所以用 were taken. 答案选 B。 2. -The passenger refused to move after taking another ones seat! -What a shame! He according to the newly credit system(诚信体系). A. punish B. punished C. will punish D. will be punished 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态。意思是他将会受到新出的诚信体系的惩罚的。所以用 will be punished. 3. Paper first about two thousand years ago in China by Cai Lun. A. is; inventing B. is; invented C. has; invented D. was; invented 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。two thousand years ago 就表明了此句是用一般过去时，纸张被发明 的，故用 was invented. 答案为 D。 4. As one of the most exciting sports, volleyball _ in the Olympic Games in 1954. A.included B.is included C.was included 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。排球在 1954 年被纳入奥运会的项目的了，典型的一般过去时的被 动语态，故答案选 C。 5. My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday. A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。last Monday.上周一是过去时，全句意思我的建议被全班所接受了。 故选 was accepted。 6. In February, Chinese tech company Huawei_Mate X，a foldable（可折叠的）5G mobile phone. A. is introducing B.introduced C.introduces D.was introduced 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时。此题华为公司在今年二月份是主动地发布了 Mate X 这款可折叠 5G 手机，故用 一般过去时的主动语态就可以了。 7. -Its reported that 31 of the brave young men _ in a big fire in Sichuan. -I dont know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B.were killed C.killed D.had killed 【答案】B 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。首先这个宾语从句是在 Its reported that 的主句中，主句用了一般过 去时，从句也得用一般过去时。然后这 31 名消防员是被大火所杀死的，所以得用 were killed。 8. The students in this school _ to choose their own school uniforms. A.are allowed B.allowed C.are allowing 【答案】A 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意是学生被允许选择自己的校服。are allowed 被允许。 9. -Waiter! Id like some Shaoyang rice noodles. -Sorry, sir. Rice noodles _ only in the morning. A. serve B.will serve C.are served 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。题中意思是说米粉只是在早上被提供。 10. -Whos the little boy in the photo ? -Its me. The photo _ when I was six years old. A. takes B.took C.was taken 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句中的 when I was six years old 是状语从句，用的是一般过去时，所 以前面也是用一般过去时表示动作在过去已经完成了。照片是被（人）拍的，所以用 was taken. 11. -Where is your book report? Did your dog eat it again? -No, it almost ，and then my computer just died on me! A.不填；finishes B.不填；finished C.is; finished D.was; finished 免费学习资料 https:/ 囊括小初高九大学科（知识点/练习题/ 模拟卷/真题卷/ 学霸笔记） 三好网中高级教师 1 对 1，在线辅导，真师可靠！官方网站： 资料来源于网络，版权归原作者所有,不得商业转载；如 有疑义请添加微信号 dd2247443566，感谢支持！ 【答案】D 【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。题是是说它几乎就要被我完成了，电脑就死机了。由后面的句子 died 确定整句的时态用一般过去时。 12. The environment in my hometown is improving because many trees every year. A.plant B.planted C.are planted 【答案】C 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。由 every year 确定用一般现在时。大量的树被种植了，所以用 are planted。答案为 C。
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