葡萄酒培训资料

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,葡萄酒培训方案,一、什么是葡萄酒,二、法国葡萄酒的基础知识,三、葡萄品种的基础知识,四、侍酒的基础知识,五、葡萄酒与食物的搭配,什么是葡萄酒,定义：根据国际葡萄与葡萄酒组织的规定,(OIV,，,1996),，葡萄酒只能是破碎或未破碎的新鲜葡萄果实或葡萄汁经完全或部分酒精发酵后获得的饮料，,其酒度不能低于,8.5%(V/V),含香物质,-0.1%,色素和单宁,-0.3%,酸,-1%,糖分,-0.1%,干,8%Sweet,甜,酒精,-,餐酒,10%,，加强葡萄酒,20%,水份,-80%-90%,注：以上为重量的大约百分比,葡萄酒的分类,葡萄酒的分类,.doc,（按生产工艺分）,气 泡 酒,香槟（,Champagne,）,加瓦（,Cava),其他气泡酒（如意大利的阿斯蒂酒）,普通葡萄酒,红葡萄酒,白葡萄酒,玫瑰红葡萄酒,加强葡萄酒,钵酒、雪利酒,Red grapes are first crushed and de-stemmed,then placed into a container.,红葡萄 先去梗压榨，然后放入容器,The alcoholic fermentation will start,at the same time maceration is taking place,接下来，酒精发酵就开始了，浸渍也在同步进行,During that time the tannins,flavors and coloring substances will dissolve into what is going to become wine(the must).,在此期间，丹宁、香味及颜色等物质逐渐溶解入即将产生的葡萄酒中,。,Whilst red wines are fermented with the skins and pips,the specificity of,white,wine making process lies in the absence of maceration,红葡萄酒和籽,皮一起发酵,白葡萄酒酿制过程的特别之处在于没有浸渍。,When making a white wine,the juice is separated from the skins immediately,酿制白葡萄酒时，果汁和果皮是压榨后马上分离的。酿酒时，只使用葡萄汁,。,If you allow only a few hours of maceration,the wine will pick up some coloration from the skins,and the wine is only,slighted tainted,.,如果仅有短时间的浸渍，葡萄酒的颜色就不会很深,Only Champagne can use the direct blending of white and red wines to produce Ros,wines.,只有香槟可以直接使用白葡萄酒和红葡萄酒的混合来调制玫瑰葡萄酒,During a second fermentation,yeast converts sugar into alcohol and gas,(Co2),在第二次发酵过程中，酵母把糖份转化为酒精和气体（二氧化碳）,3 methods/,种方法,1,-,Secondary fermentation in bottle,瓶中二次发酵,2-Secondary fermentation in a tank,桶中二次发酵,3-Carbonation,二氧化碳法,Wines in which,grape based spirit,is added either after the fermentation or during the fermentation.,在发酵后或发酵过程中，加入由白兰地,This operation is called the fortification of the wine,Examples:,1）Port （Fortified during fermentation）,2）Sherry （Fortified after fermentation）,这个过程叫做葡萄酒的加强。,例如：,1）钵 酒（发酵过程中加强）葡萄牙,2）雪利酒（发酵后加强,）西班牙,New World,新,世界,USA,美国,4*,Australia,澳大利亚,6*,Chile,智利,Argentina,阿根廷,5*,New Zealand,新西兰,South Africa,南非,Old World,旧,世界,France,法 国,2*,Italy,意大利,1*,Spain,西班牙,3*,Main Wine Countries,主要葡萄酒产酒国,旧世界与新世界的主要区别,.doc,*Top six producers in volume,产量前六名国家,French vineyard:,法国葡萄园,900 000 hectares/,公顷,Main wine regions:,主要葡萄酒产区,波尔多,勃根蒂,香槟,罗纳山谷,阿尔萨斯,卢瓦尔河谷,朗格多克,Main appellations:,主要产区,Medoc：,美铎高地,Graves：,格莱乌,Sauternes：,苏丹,Saint-Emilion：,圣爱美浓,Pomerol:,庞马洛,Left bank,:,more suitable for Cabernet Sauvignon,Right bank,for Merlot,左岸：更适合种植加本力苏维翁，右岸更适合梅洛,1855,official listing of the best wines.61 crus classes in 5 categories,.,官方列出最佳葡萄酒：包括5大类、61种头等苑葡萄酒,5 first growths,:,Chateau Lafite Rothschild,Chateau Latour,Chateau Margaux,Chateau Haut-Brion,Chateau Mouton Rothschild,五大酒庄,：莎都拉菲城堡，拉图城堡，玛歌法定产区，布里翁高地古堡、木桐罗希尔古堡,Right bank,:Top appellations are Saint-Emilion and Pomerol,右岸：最高产区是圣爱美浓和庞马洛法定产区,Bordeaux Wines,波尔多葡萄酒,Some of the greatest wines in the world ranked according to the micro-climates,世界上一些最好的葡萄酒的等级划分是根据微气候的,Small and family owned estates,较小的家族酒庄,669,AOC，30000 hectares,/,公顷,669,个法定产区，,Precise hierarchy as pyramid,:,精确的金字塔等级划分,-,Red wines are made out of Pinot Noir,红葡萄酒由黑皮诺葡萄制成,-,White wines of Chardonnay,白葡萄酒由莎当妮制成,Burgundy Wines,勃根蒂葡萄酒,The best sparkling wine in the world,世界上最好的汽泡酒产区,In the north of France on a chalky rock,法国北部的石灰岩区域,3 Grape varieties:Pinot Noir,Pinot Meunier and Chardonnay,3,种葡萄品种：黑皮诺，皮诺莫妮亚，莎当妮,Invention of the secondary fermentation in the bottle method,创造了瓶中二次发酵法,Champagne,香槟,法国葡萄酒分为四级：,AOC,法定产区葡萄酒,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,VDP,地区餐酒,VDT,日常餐酒,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,15.5,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,15.5,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,15.5,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,15.5,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,VDQS,优良地区餐酒,红葡萄品种,加本力苏维翁（,Cabernet Sauvignon),梅洛（,Merlot,）黑皮诺（,Pinot Noir,）设拉子（,Shiraz,）,白葡萄品种,莎当妮（,Chardonnay,）灰皮诺（,Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris,）白苏维翁（,Sauvignon Blanc,）,Cabernet Sauvignon,加本力苏维翁,A classic Bordeaux grape,传统波尔多葡萄品种,Full-bodied,tannic,酒体饱满，丹宁较丰富,Very complex,long evolution,口味丰富，陈年长,Blackcurrant,violet,黑加仑，紫罗兰,Merlot,梅洛,A traditional Bordeaux grape,传统波尔多葡萄品种,Supple and round,口感柔顺，饱满,Black and red cherry,黑色及红色樱桃,Chocolate,巧克力,Pinot Noir,黑皮诺,King of Burgundy,勃根蒂之王,Cherry,raspberry,樱桃、覆盆子,Spice notes,稍带辛辣,Earthy complexities,泥土气息,A silky texture,little tannins,丝般柔滑，丹宁较,淡,Shiraz or Syrah,设拉子,Mostly grown in Rhne Region,France,Australia,主要种植于法国罗纳谷地区,澳大利亚,Rich black and red berry fruit,plum,丰富的黑色、红色浆果及李子味,Game and spice complexity,丰富的野味及辛辣味,Rich and full-bodied,口感丰富，酒体饱满,Chardonnay,莎当妮,Native to Burgundy,源于法国的勃根第地区,Now world,s most fashionable&famous white variety,当今最流行，有名的白葡萄品种,Creamy and full-bodied,口感柔和饱满,White fruits and nutty flavor,白色水果及干果味,Sauvignon Blanc,白苏维翁,Bordeaux,central Loire,波尔多，卢瓦尔河中部,Crisp acidity,清新爽口偏酸,Fresh and aromatic,清新果香芬芳,Citrus and Grassy,柑桔及青草味,1）来自葡萄品种本身的主要香气,例如：加本力苏维翁的黑加仑香气,2）,来自发酵过程的香气,例如：莎当妮的牛油香,3）,来自陈酿过程的香气,葡萄酒的香气,白葡萄酒的香气,花香类：,茉莉，玫瑰，紫罗兰,果香类：,梨，苹果，荔枝，柑橘类,蔬菜类：,蘑菇，,甜点类：,蜂蜜，新鲜面包，黄油,辛香类：,肉桂，茴香,矿物质类：,打火石，粉笔,红葡萄酒的香气,果香类,：草莓，樱桃，红莓,蔬菜类：,蘑菇，土壤,甜点类：,香草，烤面包,辛香类：,肉桂，甘草，辣椒,动物类：,熏肉，皮草,培烤类：,焦油，咖啡,侍酒培训内容,：,1.,怎样向客人推荐酒,?,2.,怎样记录客人所点的酒,?,3.,怎样在餐厅中持酒,?,4.,侍酒温度,?,5.,怎样向客人展