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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Q6是一个教授的课堂讲座,教授会讲到一个concept或者是definition,然后会用具体的例子或过程来进行解释,然后让考生总结或者说是诠释讲座的主要内容。,今天主要学习的一种能力是paraphrasing,A paraphrase is a restatement of what someone else has written or said, using ones own words. 可以理解成解释或者是诠释,它与summarizing是不同的,summarizing主要是main points,但是paraphrasing is a more detailed restatement,在听的过程中we should write down the following points:,1.,listen carefully to what the narrator has said. “listen to part of a lecture in a United States history class”. 原因:,2.,write down prolonged and stressed words 延缓读音和重读的地方。声音要表现重要性,只有这两点。 Concept or definition 还有 key words, 比如说例子的key words或者说解释concept or definition的key words,3.,catch the signal words. 只说几个重要的:for example, such as, on one hand, on the other hand 不要把signal words记下来,是把signal words后面的关键词记下来。,:,4. 最后一句话重要信息记下来。很多时候可以用上,用在你的conclusion中。为什么最后一句话容易记下来呢?因为最后一句话离整个听力结束也就是几秒的时间,你的短时记忆会让你轻松的把它记下来的。,5. 问题中的重要信息,这个可以放在你的,topic,中。,Template:,Topic:,in the listening material, the professor talks about (就是你听到的问题中的重要信息),Supporting details: (paraphrasing),1.,example,2.,example,3.,example,Conclusion: (optional),下面我们看看哪些地方需要进行paraphrase,(1),例子。也就是说教授举出的例子中一些重要或关键的动词或者形容词、副词词组。,For example, people in small towns began to adopt behaviors, clothes, and speech that were popular in big cities or in other parts of the country.,Paraphrasing:,People in small towns started to act, dress and speak in the same way as the people in big cities.,(2),就是你能很容易找到同义词组的地方。,Americans in small towns and rural communities now had the ability to travel with ease to nearby cities.,Paraphrasing: can travel easily to nearby cities.,哪些地方不需要paraphrasing呢?,一些重要的concept or terms,Common national culture the automobile radio,而且大家注意不要走极端,有些同学过于在乎考虑每一句话都要paraphrasing, 最后根本都说不完。你就是按照教授原话说出来也总比你说不完好啊。所以,大家不要过犹不及啊,going too far is as bad as not going far enough. 掌握一个原则:说的时候顺其自然,能在1秒钟内反映出来的就paraphrasing, 否则就按照原话来。,如何进行paraphrasing,(1),找同意词或词组,或者找反义词组,然后前面加一个not.,(2),变化句式,Special education teachers are employed by school boards to assist students who are having such difficulties.,Paraphrase: school boards hire special education experts to help students with such difficulties.,总结:,1. 考过哪些方面的内容呢:,经济方面:,(1),讲了两种,advertisement,的促销形式,一种是,direct,一种是,indirect,(2),经济学的讲座,关于需求的定义以及跟价格的相互关系。(两次),(3),商业上,顾客往往在等待中显得不耐烦,讨论如何消除顾客的等待心理,,waiting-time,(,4,),教授说了影响demand of products的因素,(,5,),关于商业管理。创业企业需要经济支持,所以要去找投资商,(6) reciprocity 互惠互利原则,生物学方面:,(,7,)生物钟,生物都有,biology cycle,,受两个,aspect,影响,,internal,的,biologyclock,和外在的,factor,(,8,),食物链与种群数量的关系,(,9,)说火对森林有好处。可以把松树的树籽烧开,有助于种子传播。,儿童生理学发展方面:,(,10,),讲了baby学习东西的过程.介绍了两种概念,(11),art,对,child developement,的影响,(,12,)儿童与,caretaker,之间建立关系是通过,touching,心理学方面:,(,13,),积极消极用语对人做决定的影响,(,14,)心理学家说,人一般从属于两种控制方式,外在的,内在的,(,15,),effective teachers characters,(16),内向的人和外向的人,introverted extroverted,艺术方面:,(17)室内装修,其他人文方面:,(18),讲的是,communication,里面的,credibility,,说赢得人信任的两点,policy,(,19,),两种不同文化之间的,diffusion,(,20,)诗歌方面的一些知识,其他科学方面:,(,21,)人类发明创造有,2,中可能:有目的性,无目的性。,(,22,)科技发展对生活得影响,
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