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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,大学英语跨文化交际,Chapter,2,Communication and Intercultural Communication,黑龙江大学外语部,An idiom,Our most basic common link is that we all inhabit this planet.,John F.Kennedy,Learning objectives,:,In this chapter,students will learn how to:,Understand the definition and components of communication,Describe the characteristics of communication,Summarize the definition of intercultural communication,Evaluate the forms of intercultural communication,Chapter Outline,Communication and Intercultural Communication,Communication,Culture and Communication,Intercultural Communication,Communication Defined,Components of Communication,Intercultural Communication Defined,Forms of Intercultural Communication,Characteristics of Communication,Dynamic,Systemic,Symbolic,Irreversible,Transactional,Self-reflective,Contextual,Lead-in Case:,She Has Three Hands,Read the case and answer the following questions:,Suppose you are the Chinese doctor,if you are communicating with the Canadian physiotherapist,will his words irritate you?How would you respond to the situation?,What caused their communication conflicts?,What do you think of the different communication styles of the two doctors?,The definition of communication,Components of communication,Text A:,Communication,Pre-reading Task:,Form groups of three or four and work together to write a letter to a,penpal,friend.Analyze the following elements involved in the process:,1.What meaning do you want to express?,2.In what way would you like to deliver or organize your idea?,3.By which channel are you going to send your message?,4.Is there anything that might interfere with the process?,5.How do you think the letter will be interpreted by people from different cultures?,Western Perspective of communication,Eastern perspective of communication,The,definition,of communication,Western Perspective of communication,In western cultures,communication is studied as the,means of transmitting ideas,.Western cultures emphasize,the instrumental function,of communication;that is,effectiveness,is evaluated in terms of success in the manipulation of others to achieve ones personal goal.,Eastern perspective of communication,Definitions of communication from many Asian countries stress,harmony,which is most notable in cultures with a Confucian tradition.Eastern cultures understanding would define communication as a process where all parties are searching to develop and maintain a social relationship.,2.,Components of communication,A sender/source,is the person who transmits a message,.,A message,is any signal that triggers the response of a receiver.,Encoding,refers to the activity during which the sender must choose certain words or nonverbal methods to send an intentional message.,Encoding,（编码）,Channel/Medium,（渠道）,Channel/Medium,is the method used to deliver a,message,.,Message,（信息）,Sender/Source,（信息源）,Decoding,（解码）,Decoding,is the activity during which the receiver attaches meaning to the words or symbols he/she has received.,Receiver,（信息接收者）,A,receiver,is any person who notices and gives some meaning to a message.,Feedback,（反馈）,The response of a receiver to a senders message is called,feedback,.,Noise,（干扰）,Noise,is a term used for factors that interfere with the exchange,of messages,including,external noise,，,physiological noise,psychological noise,and,semantic noise,.Noise is,inevitable,.,(1)External Noise,Sounds,that distract communicators:,voices,in the next room;,annoying ring,of someones cell phone in a meeting;etc.,Other types of external noise that,dont involve sound,:,an,overcrowded room,or a,smelly cigar,(2)Physiological Noise,illnesses,and,disabilities,(3)Psychological Noise,forces with the sender or receiver that interfere with understanding:,egotism;hostility;preoccupation;fear,;etc.,(4)Semantic Noise,caused by using,different languages,;the use of,jargon,;,different understanding of the,message,delivered;etc.,Picture Analysis,What are the,components of communication,reflected in the following picture?,Text B Characteristics of Communication,a.,Communication is dynamic,b.,Communication is,systematic,c.,Communication is symbolic,d.,Communication is,irreversible,e.,Communication is,transactional,f.,Communication is,self-reflective,g.,Communication is contextual,.,Pre-reading Task:,Teacher:Who can guess what it is a small animal with four legs that people often keep as a pet and can catch mice easily?,A Chinese student:It is called“,猫”,in Chinese.,A French student:It is called“Chat”in French.,A Japanese student:“,Neiko,”in Japanese.,A Spanish student:“,Gato,”in Spanish.,A German student:,“,Katze,”,in German,A Russian student:“,Kosta,”in Russian.,Answer the following questions:,1.Do we use the same word to symbolize a certain object when we communicate with those speaking different languages?,2.What kind of process is involved in communication?,a.Communication is dynamic,Communication is an ongoing activity.,It is not fixed.A word or action does not stay,fro
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