中国城市土地循环利用对区域发展的影响区域交通及能...

,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,Page,*,of 22,中国城市土地循环利用对区域发展的影响,区域交通及能源使用,Department of Urban Studies and Planning Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge,Massachusetts,USA,The Regional Transportation and Energy Impact of Land Recycling in Urban China,普可仁,2007,年,8,月 中国城市交通国际论坛 北京,麻省理工学院 城市研究与规划系,Karen R.Polenske,August,2007 Beijing,China,China Planning Network(CPN)Conference,Karen R.Polenske,Special thanks to Li Xin,Chen Zhiyu and other MIT land-recycling team members,Deindustrialization and Transportation,去工业化和交通,Deindustrialization and economic restructuring affect transportation in many ways,去工业化和经济重构影响交通,Energy Consumption,能源消耗,Inter-and Intraregional Mobility,区域内和区域间通行,Travel Patterns,出行方式,Transportation and Infrastructure Facilities,交通和基础设施设备,Deindustrialization and Regional Restructuring in China,中国的去工业化和区域重构,Restructuring the Economy,经济结构重建,Industry restructuring and innovation,产业结构重建及产业更新,Real estate development,房地产开发,Reshaping the Built Environment,建成环境的再塑,Land-use patterns,土地利用模式,Infrastructure and transportation capacity,基础设施容量,U.S.Deindustrialization,美国的去工业化,U.S.deindustrialization was detrimental to a regions economy unless the region adjusted its economic structure to the new environment.,美国,的,去,工业,化,的经历说明了：如果某,区域,未根据,新的变化,而,主动调整其经济结构,，,去,工业,化,过程,就会阻碍该地区,经济,的发展。,U.S.Deindustrialization:Detroit,美国的去工业化,:,底特,律,Source:,google,map,Auto firms moved to the South since the 1950s,自,1950,年代,起，,汽车工业向南迁徙,Transportation cost,交通成本,Labor cost,劳动力成本,Location of Detroit,底特律的位置,5,Source:,google,map,Location of Pittsburgh,匹兹堡,的位置,Steel firms moved to the Midwest and South,钢铁公司向中西部和南部迁徙,Lost its comparative advantage of abundant coal supply,Development of electric-arc furnace technologies,Mini mills rely on scrap metal,U.S.Deindustrialization:Pittsburgh,美国的去工业化,:,匹兹堡,Chinese Deindustrialization Traits,中国去工业化特点,Recent phenomenon,最近的现象,Large-scale,大规模,Government-led relocation decision,政府主导,Simultaneous restructuring of economic structure,与经济重构同时发生,Housing market booming,房地产市场发展,Some underemployment or unemployment results,造成部分失业的结果,People often lose social safety net,人们失去原有社会安全网,Total Relocated Project,搬迁项目数,Total Land Converted (m,2,),被转换土地面积,1985,94,95,05/99,06/99,2005,*,65,134,*,59,316,000,6,130,000,*,1,718,000,Note:*:No data were available after 2000;data used for this period are from 1999 proposal by the Beijing Economic Committee,Sources:,Beijing Economic Committee,Beijing Development and Reform Committee,2000,(10 Years),(5 Years),(7 Years),Deindustrialization Process in Beijing(1985-2005),北京的去工业化过程,1985-2005,Land Converted,per year,(m,2,),每年被转换土地面积,32,000,1,022,000,*,344,000,Relocated projects,per year,每年搬迁项目数,6,19,*,12,GDP and Growth Rate in Beijing,1995-2005,GDP,和增长率,1995-2005,Source:Beijing Statistics Bureau,2005,Beijing Statistics,北京数据,GDP/capita and Household Disposable Income in Beijing,1994-2003,人均,GDP,和家庭可支配收入,1994-2003,Source:Beijing Statistics Bureau,2005,Beijing Statistics,北京数据,Arable land,Population,Length of road,Data source:The International Food Policy Research Institute(IFPRI).,Beijing Statistics,北京数据,Length of road,population,and arable land in Beijing,1970-2000,道路长度、人口、耕地数量，,1970-2000,Kilometer/1,000 person/1,000,Mu,Existing Industrial Land Location in Beijing(2003)2003,年北京现状工业用地分布,Source:Beijing Master Plan(2004-2020),Proposed Industrial Land Location in Beijing(2020),2020,年北京规划工业用地分布,Source:Beijing Master Plan(2004-2020),Inter-Regional,区域间,freight transport(supply chain),货物,(,供应链,),commuting(public transit),通行,(,公共交通,),Intra-Regional,区域内,infrastructure,基础设施,transportation,交通,housing,住房,labor market,劳动力,fiscal,财政,environment,环境,Origin city,原处城市,Destination city,目标城市,Inter-and Intra-regional Impacts,区域内,/,区域间影响,Intra-Regional,infrastructure,transportation,housing,labor market,fiscal,environment,Key issues(1),关键问题（,1,）,Land-use changes,土地用途变更,Apartment,office building,shopping center etc.,住宅、办公楼、购物中心,New public-transit demand resulting from new land uses,新的公共交通需求,Conversion of public infrastructure,such as electricity,gas,water,and sewer,基础设施的更新,Labor market,劳动力市场,Labor supply and demand geographical mismatch,劳动力供应和需求的空间错位,Housing-job mismatch,住房和工作的错位,Job-accessibility issues,工作可达性,Key issues(2),关键问题（,2,）,Transportation,交通,Commuting of workers from Beijing to new locations,上班通行人口,Freight transport infrastructureroad,railway,airport,and port.,货物运输基础设施,Community and economic development,社区和经济发展,Environment protection,环境保护,Energy use,能源使用,Transportation Issues,交通问题,Regional Mobility,区域出行,Transportation Pattern,交通方式,Transportation and Energy Use,交通和能源使用,INTER-regional Mobility,跨区域出行,Source:Jinghua Times.3/18/2005,Cases:,案例,Beijing,FaTou,Cokemaking Plant:,北京垡头焦炭厂,From Beijing to Tangshan,Hebei,province,Beijing,Shougang,Iron and Steel Plant:,北京首钢,From Beijing to,Cao,FeiDian,Tangshan,Hebei,Province,Challenges:,挑战,Municipal revenue generation,地方城市财政,Regional competition of major industries,区域间的城市竞争,New r