全球抗呼吸疾病联盟课件

Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Click to edit Master title style,Global Alliance Against Respiratory Disease,Primary Prevention&Health Promotion,全球抗呼吸疾病联盟,一级预防及健康促进,爱尔兰全科医学,院,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,WG1.,Defining,the Burden,Risk Factors,&Surveillance,WG2.,认知支持和优先条件,W,慢性呼吸病和过敏的控制，可用、价廉的药,Control of CRD&Allergies,D,WG3.,Prevention,&Health,Promotion,WG4.,Diagnosis,of CRD&,Allergies.,儿童哮喘,定义，要点,危险因素,及监测,预防及,健康促进,慢性,慢性呼吸病和,过敏疾病的诊断,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Phasing out the Cooking Fires,免除烹饪烟火,烹饪烟火,污染是非洲,妇女儿童的主要杀手,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,USA Age Standardised Death Rates,美国标化年龄死亡率,心脏病,肿瘤,脑卒中,交通事故,慢性阻塞性肺病,糖尿病,图,8,，美国,6,种主要死因标化年龄死亡率,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,The Irish Office of Tobacco Control,Research,Inspect,Regulate,Inform,爱尔兰控烟署,信息,观察,管理,研究,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Concerted Action on Tobacco,Since the Irish Office of Tobacco Control was established in 2001 the%of the population smokin,g has fallen by a quarter(31%to 23.5%).,Smoking is banned in all public places including Bars since 2004.,对烟草的一致行动,自,2001,年爱尔兰控烟署建立，居民吸烟率下降,1/4,（从,31%,降到,23.5%,）,自,2004,年起，在所有公共场所包括酒吧都禁止吸烟,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,No.of Smokers fallen by 25%?,Slan,Surveys,OTC/MRBI Tracker,Smoking Ban,禁烟令,OTC/MRBI,的,追踪调查,吸烟人数下降了,25%,吗？,吸烟率,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Why is cessation so important?,If we focus,only,on prevention it will be 40 years before the substantial benefits will be fully realised.,Cessation substantially reduces smoking related risks within 12 years.,如仅着眼于预防，得提前,40,年下手才能完全实现实质性效益,禁烟实际上减少吸烟导致的危险，在,1-2,年内起效,禁,烟为什么那么重要？,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Price Increases can stop teenagers smoking,8-17,S,提高烟价,Price increase,Very Unlikely To Continue Smoking,提高烟价可阻止青少年吸烟,很难续吸的,青少年,（图示：提高烟价,2.5,倍可使,78%,青少年不再吸烟）,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Building a National Partnership,Members of the Parliamentary Committee,NGOs-Cancer Society,Heart Foundation etc.,Public Health leaders focus on ET Smoke,The Minister of Health,Statutory Agencies,Health&Safety Authority,Environmental Health Office,(The Tobacco Industry-soon excluded),建立全国性协作组织,议会专家委员会成员,非政府组织,防癌协会、心脏病基金会等,关注戒烟的卫生行政领导,卫生部长,法定传媒,卫生及安全部门,环保部门,（排除烟草生产厂家）,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Seven Tier Plan,Educate people about smoking and its effects,Provide more help for smokers to quit,Further regulate the,Tobacco Industry,Protect everyone,from Passive Smoking(ETS),Dont just pass laws implement them,Extend ownership to the people,Use International,Co-operation&Advice,七步计划,吸烟及其后果的教育,对吸烟者戒烟提供更多的帮助,进一步管理烟草生产,保护所有被动吸烟者,不仅通过法律,应贯彻执行,要传达到每个人,利用国际合作协商,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Power to Prohibit&Restrict Smoking,Public Transport,Hospitals and Clinics,Schools and Colleges,Public Offices,Places of work,Cinemas,Theatres,Concert Halls,etc.,Pubs,Bars,Clubs,and Restaurants,Other Specified Places,Offence to smoke,or to permit it,Person in Charge is,Guilty of an Offence,The Tobacco Acts,禁止和限制吸烟的力度,公共交通设施,医院及诊所,大中小学,公共办公室,工作场所,电影院、戏院、歌剧院,酒馆、酒吧、俱乐部及餐馆,其他特殊场所,干涉吸烟还是容忍它,“,个人负责”是对干预的犯罪,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Key Influences&Opportunities,An All-Party Committee disenchanted,The WHO,FCTC,&European contacts,Dedicated Office of Tobacco Control,Workers rights to a smoke-free workplace,Trade Union&(later)Employer Support,A Courageous&Ambitious Minister,A small but highly committed OTC(15 staff),发生影响和创造机会的关键,了解其危害的各种党派委员会,WHO,FCTC,及,欧盟,致力于控烟的机构,有关在劳动场所禁烟的劳动法规,商业联盟及（其后的）用户支持者,有胆有识的部长,小而优秀的非处方药店（,15,人）,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,International Support for ETS Ban,WHO&FCTC,International NGOs,Conferences,Networks.,Experience in New York and elsewhere,Authoritative Evidence&Research,The week-long visit=media,public,private,Ministerial Visits,All Better Educated,国际支持,非政府组织，会议，网络,纽约和其他地方的经验,专业证据及研究成果,每周访谈,媒体，公共，私人,部长访谈,所有受过好教育者,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,OTC Preparatory Expert Reports,Expert Report on E.T.S.,(Allwright et al.),What do smokers want?,(Loscher,MRBI),Productivity Costs smokers and society,(Welte),Statement by Medical Colleges and Deans,Irish Women and Tobacco,(WHO,Slan,MRBI),Ventilation,(James Repace USA),Economic Effects on the Hospitality Industry,(TNS-MRBI,Durcan/McDowell,UCD,),准备中的专业报告,适宜环境工程的经济效益,E.T.S,专家报告,吸烟者期望什么？,对,吸烟者和社会的,生产价值,医科大学和领导们的陈述,爱尔兰妇女和烟草,通风换气,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practitioners,Ventilation,No Acceptable level of exposure,Effective Ventilation rates are impractical?,Ventilation Costs?,Level playing pitch?,Tobacco industry hospitality programmes,Ventilation doesnt address health effects,(Courtesy of Choice;pmoptions),通风换气,暴露没有可接受的水平,通风换气率的效果不切实际吗？,通风换气价值？,烟草厂家能接受的程序,（经选择同意）,通风换气,不能起健康效应,Dr.Michael Boland,Irish College of General Practiti