铸造缺陷名称和分类

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,缺陷名称和分类,A,尺寸，形状缺陷,铸造缺陷,casting defects,尺寸超差,improper shrinkage allowance,尺寸不合格,wrong size,模样错误,excess rapping of pattern,deformed pattern,pattern error,壁厚不均,different thickness,铸型下垂,mold sag,错型,mold shift,shift,miss-match,cross-joint,舂移,ram off,ram away,塌型,mold drop,drop off,drop out,drop sticker,上型下沉，沉芯,sag(,上型和型芯下垂导致壁厚减小）,飞翅,fins,joint flash,翘曲,warp age,buckling,warping,camber,铸件变形,warped casting,挤箱,push up,cramp-off,型裂,broken mold,cracked,掉砂,crush of mold,crush,变形,deformation,casting distortion,warped casting,B.,缩孔（由凝固收缩引起,),缩孔,shrinkage,shrinkaged cavity,内部缩孔,internal shrinkage,dispersed shrinkage,blind shrinkage,敞露缩孔,open shrinkage,external shrinkages,sink marks,depression,缩松,porosity,shrinkage porosity,leakers,micro shrinkage,disperded shrinkage,缩陷,sink marks,draw,suck-in,芯面缩孔,core shrinkage,内角缩孔,corner shrinkage,fillet shrinkage,出汗孔,extruded bead,exudation,线状缩孔,fissure like shrinkage,C.,气体缺陷（由气体引起的孔）,气孔,blowholes,gas hole,blow,针孔,pinholes,裂纹状缺陷，线状缺陷,fissure defects,D.,裂纹,裂纹,crack,缩裂,shrinkage crack,季裂,season cracking,season crack,应力热裂,hot cracking,hot tearing,hot tear,淬火裂纹,quench crack,quenching crack,应力冷裂,cold cracking,breakage,cold tearing,cold tear,龟裂,crack,激冷层裂纹，白裂,chill crack,E.,夹杂物,夹渣,slag inclusion,slag blowholes,砂眼,sand inclusion,raised sand,sand hole,其他夹杂物,the other inclusion,胀砂,push up,cramp-off,sand hole,掉砂,crush,crush of mold,硬点,hard spot,浮渣,dross(,浇注后在铸型内形成的缺陷，尤其是石墨、氧化物和硫化物的线状缺陷的总称，另外，浇注过程中被卷进去的缺陷成为夹渣和砂眼，两者的区别是形成原因不同）,石墨浮渣,graphite dross,carbon dross,氧化皮夹渣,oxide dross,oxide inclusion,skins,seams,硫化物熔渣,sulfide dross,沉淀物,sludge,夹渣物,sand inclusion,oxide inclusion,skins,seams,黑点，黑渣,black spots,lustrous carbon,涂料夹渣,blacking,refractory coating inclusions,光亮碳膜,lustrous carbon films,kish tracks,F.,外观缺陷,浇不足,misrun,short run,cold lap,cold shut,冷隔,cold shut,cold laps,轻度冷隔,seam,两重皮,plate,皱皮,surface fold,gas run,elephant skin,seams,scare,flow marks,漏箱,run-out,runout,break-out,bleeder,漏芯,mold drop,stiker,未浇满,short pours,short run,poured short,气孔,blowholes,blow,飞翅,fins,，,joint flash,胀砂，气疱,swell,blister,芯撑未融合,chaplet shut,insert cold shut,unfused chaplet,热粘砂,burn in,热痕,flow marks,内渗豆，冷豆，冷隔,internal sweating,cold shot,shot iron,外渗物,sweating,磷化物渗豆,phosphide sweat,铅渗豆,lead sweat,锡渗豆,tin sweat,掉砂,rat,sticker,（型砂的一部分附着在模样上而形成的表面缺陷）,G.,型芯缺陷,砂芯断裂,crushed core,broken core,砂芯压碎,broken core,芯面缩孔,core blow,砂芯缩孔,core blow,砂芯下垂,sag core,deformed core,砂芯弯曲,deformed core,漂芯,shifted core,core raise,raised core,mold element cutout,偏芯,core shift,H.,表面缺陷,沾砂,burn on,sand burning,burn in,penetration,粘型（金属型）,fusion,两重皮,laminations,plat,机械粘砂,penetration,metal penetration,夹渣结疤,scabs,expansion scabs,corner scab,表面粗糙,rough casting,rough surface,鼠尾,buckle,rat tail,涂料结疤,blacking scab,wash scabs,烘干不足,sever surface,wash scabs,熟痕,surface defect casting by combination of gas and shrinkage(,在靠近厚断面处形成下陷的蛇状伤痕）,涂料剥落,wash erosion,气疱,blister,surface or subsurface blow hole,表面粗糙,rough surface,seems,scars,起皮,stripping,剥落结疤,pull down,spalling scab,伤痕,crows feet,麻面,pitting surface,orange peel,alligator skin,热裂痕,surface folds,gas runs,泡疤表面,surface folds,gas runs,象皮状皱皮,surface fold,gas run,elephant skin,皱皮,surface fold,gas run,seams,scare,flow marks,波纹,wave,冲砂,wash,冲蚀,erosion,I.,组织缺陷（铸铁,),球化不良,poor nodularity,degenerated graphite,蠕墨化不良,degenerated graphite,异常石墨,abnormal graphite,开花状石墨,exploded graphite,过冷石墨,under cooled graphite,D-type graphite,石墨细小颗粒,chunky graphite,石墨粗大,kish graphite,kish,整列石墨,aligned graphite,石墨漂浮,floated graphite,石墨魏氏组织,Widmannstatten graphite,麻口,mottled cast iron,mottle,灰点,mottle,反麻口,inverse mottle(,与麻口相反，在薄断面处和尖角处形成的麻口）,白口,chill,反白口,reverse chill,inverse chill,冷豆,extruded bead,exudation,internal sweating,退火不足,miss annealing,incomplete annealing,粗大枝晶组织,coarsened dendritic,反偏析,inverse segregation,比重偏析,gravity segregation,溶质偏析,solute segregation,宏观偏析,macroscopic segregation,微观偏析,microscopic segregation,J.,断口缺陷,表面铁素体,ferrite rim,表面珠光体,pearlite rim,白缘，脱碳,pearlitic rim,picture frame,pearlite layer,不均匀断口,heterogeneous fractured surface,破碎激冷层,scattered chill structure,cold flakes,晶粒粗大,rough grain,尖钉状断口,spiky fractured surface,冰糖状断口,rock candy fracture surface,K.,力学性能缺陷,硬点,hard spot(,对铸件，硬点是硬区、白口或冷豆等力学性能缺陷的总称；对铝合金，硬点是铸件内各种高硬度相，如初晶,Si,相、金属间化合物、氧化物，偏析等总称）,硬度不良,poor hardness,too high or low hardness,L.,使用性能缺陷,腐蚀性不良,poor corrosion resistance,切削性不良,poor machinability,麻点,torn surface,锌晶间腐蚀,zinc intergranular corrosion,电导率不良,poor electrical conductivity,M.,其他缺陷,残留飞翅,residual fin,残留黑皮,residual black skin,浇道冒口断口缺肉,broken casting at gate,riser or vent,端部缺肉,inside cut,切口缺肉（压铸件）,inside cut,翘曲,(,喷丸引起）,camber,excessive cleaning,铸件弯曲,(,铸件变形）,warped casting,casting distortion,deformed mold,mold creep,打磨缺肉,crows feet,铸造管理缺陷,裂纹,crack,压痕,impression,残留物,型砂残留,sand inclusions,喷丸粒残留,residual shot,锌蒸汽向炉壁渗透,zinc infiltration into refractory,