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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,2015,英语高考专题,阅读理解之,词意猜测,2015,年高考大纲中对于阅读理解的要求,要求考生读懂简易的文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章，并回答相关问题。考生应能：,、理解语篇和段落主旨大意；,、理解文中具体信息；,、根据上下文提供的语境推断生词的词义；,、作出简单判断和推理；,、理解文章的基本逻辑结构；,、理解作者的观点、意图和态度,。,猜测词义,词义猜测是英语阅读的重要技巧，也是高考阅读理解中一种常考的题型。,这类题型的考点包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、或者一些短语的引申意义，是考生必须掌握的一项重要阅读技能。,就方法来说，主要根据上下文线索和构词法。高考阅读文章中更侧重前者。近几年的分布题量分布：,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,66,68,63,、,67 69,58,57,、,61,67,猜测词义题目类型,对考纲外生词的猜测,Many United Nations employees are,polyglots,:Mr.Jim,for example,speaks five languages fluently.,“polyglot”most probably,means“_.”,对考纲内熟词新义的猜测,I had first known she was wrong,that her anxiety had,clouded,her judgment.(04,全国卷,),“cloud”,means“_.”,通晓数种语言的人,使模糊，混淆，搅浑,1.The underlined word is closest in meaning to the word?(2011,广东等,),2.We can learn from the underlined part that (06,辽宁,),3.The underlined word”it”in paragraph refers to (2011,湖南、福建等）,4.,By saying,the author means to say that,th,(2011,浙江,),5.The underlined sentence in paragraph implies/refers to/means(2011,江西、天津等）,痴谍详缆澡碑敞掏靠宁闹恢栗叭赡档挣版绽撂汀伴摈徘缅糟摈诵褐求牺逃,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,常见的猜测词义题设问方式,(2011,湖南卷,C,篇,),The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.The,divergence,of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths.This result amazed all the scientists.,67.The underlined word“divergence”in paragraph 4 means“_”.,A.evolution B.exhibition,C.separation D.examination,真题回顾,C,big potato,john,lady bird,Guess,How?,Tom is a great man.Tom is treated as,a big potato,.,a big potato,大人物,john,Tim drank too much water last night,so he went to visit,john,twice.,厕所,Do you like,a lady bird,?It is not a kind of bird.It is a insect,（昆虫,).It can fly.its wings are red.It is very small.,a lady bird,瓢虫,语境法,Context,clues,构词法,Word,formation,猜测词意,高考阅读理解专题,1.,定义描述,3.,因果关系,2.,同义反义,4.,举例归纳,5.,生活常识,6.,上下文推测,语境猜测词义,Territory,can be defined as an area that an animal,usually the male,claims as its own.,It will be very hard but also very,brittle,-that is,it will break easily.,The,herdsman,who looks after sheep,earns about 650,yuan,a year.,In fact,，,only about 80,ocelots,an endangered wild cat,exist in the U.S.,today.,(,NMET,2005,浙江,),牧羊人,1,、,Definition and explanation,根据定义或上下文解释猜测词义；,豹猫,易碎的,领地，领域,定语从句或同位语；,小 结,标点符号；,关键词,be,be called,means,be defined as,，,refer to,；,有时还用,that is,or,that is to say,in other words,等引出。,真题演练：,(2013.,课标,卷，,C)The,CRFs,produce is green,，,made within the country and divided into 10 lines,with the Alcohol Series being the most popular.The Exotic Series-with Sichuan pepper,red bean(,豆,),，,cheese and other,flavorsalso,does well and is fun to taste.And for,chocolate snobs,who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others,the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo,Cuba,Venezuela,and Ghana,among others.,The words“chocolate snobs”in paragraphs 3 probably refer to people who,.,A.are particular about chocolate,B.know little about cocoa beans,C.look down upon others,D.like to try new flavors,哲线衔怎掠咀赘虐侯敝舀坷捞孜吟喘新棵绦搅娠悍摹勤焚凤普像固豪闷庇,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,2.,Synonym and Antonym,根据同义词或反义词的关系猜测词义,In some countries where there is very little rain,the farmers have to,irrigate,or water,their fields.,Doctors believed that smoking cigarette is,detrimental,to your health.They also regard drinking as harmful.,Mother was tall,fat and middle-aged.My aunt was an old woman,almost as,plump,as mother,and much shorter.,有害的,灌溉,丰满的,由,and,，,or,，,like,as as,the same as,等连接的两个词构成同义关系；,小 结,He is so,homely,，,not at all as handsome as his brother.,Some human actions are learned,but quite a few other actions are,innate,.,In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of,turmoil,.,不好看的,天生的,混乱,表转折关系的连词或副词，如,but,，,while,，,however,等,；,小 结,真题演练：,The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years.The divergence of the two species took place around the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths.This result amazed all the scientists.,67.The underlined word“divergence”in paragraph 4 means“_”.,A.evolution B.exhibition,C.separation D.examination,哲线衔怎掠咀赘虐侯敝舀坷捞孜吟喘新棵绦搅娠悍摹勤焚凤普像固豪闷庇,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,2013,高中英语阅读之猜词技巧,-,公开课课件,3,、,Cause and Result,根据原因或结果关系猜测词义,The river is so,turbid,that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.,She did not hear what you said because she was completely,engrossed,in her reading.,Tom is considered an,autocratic,administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.,混浊的,全神贯注的,独断专行的,常用,because,，,as,，,due to,so,，,thus,，,as a result,，,so,so that,such that,therefore,等表示,小 结,真题演练：,The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay the
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