附加疑问句(Tag Question)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,附加疑问句,(Tag Question),定义：,是一种常用于口语的疑问句式，主要由“陈述句附加疑问”构成，附加疑问部分的动词一般要与陈述部分的动词相对应，附加疑问部分的主语要与陈述部分的主语相对应，如果陈述部分的主语是名词词组，则附加疑问部分用相应的代词表示,附加疑问句主要有两类：,陈述句反意附加疑问,陈述句非反意附加疑问,这两类又可分为以下四种形式：,肯定的陈述句否定的附加疑问,That clock is slow,isnt it?,否定的陈述句肯定的附加疑问,That clock isnt slow,is it?,肯定的陈述句肯定的附加疑问,That clock is slow,is it?,否定的陈述句否定的附加疑问,That clock isnt slow,isnt it?,关于附加疑问句的构成，有以下几点值得注意：,当陈述部分的主语是,everybody,everyone,someone,no one,nobody,somebody,等指人的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语在正式语体中通常用,he.,例如：,Everybody knows what he has to do,doesnt he?,Nobody wants to go there,does he?,None of the boys can do it,can he?,在非正式语体中则往往用,they.,例如：,Nobody phoned while I was out,did they?,Everyone enjoyed the party,didnt they?,Somebody borrowed my pen yesterday,didnt they?,但若陈述部分的主语是,everything,anything,something,nothing,等指物的合成词时，附加疑问部分的主语只能用,it.,例如：,Nothing could make me give it up,could it?,Everything is ready,isnt it?,当陈述部分是,there-,存在句时，附加疑问部分的主语也用,there.,例如：,Theres no help for it,is there?,Theres something wrong,isnt there?,陈述部分带有,seldom,hardly,never,rarely,few,little,nowhere,nothing,等否定词或半否定词时，附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式,例如：,Bob rarely got drunk,did he?,Few people know him,do they?,She seldom goes to the cinema,does she?,如果陈述部分的否定词仅带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定句处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式,例如：,He was unsuccessful,wasnt he?,如果陈述部分是,Im,结构，附加疑问部分一般用,arent I,例如：,Im late,arent I?,如果陈述部分以不定代词,one,作主语，附加疑问部分的主语在正式场合用,one,在非正式场合用,you.,例如：,One cant be too careful,can one?,can you?,当陈述部分是一个带有,that-,分句作宾语的主从结构时，附加疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系,例如：,You think you are funny,dont you?,He thinks he is going to become a doctor,doesnt he?,She says(that)I did it,doesnt she?,但是，当陈述部分的主句是,I suppose,I think,I believe,I suspect,I imagine,等结构时，附加疑问部分则往往与,that-,分句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移,例如：,I suppose(that)hes serious,isnt he?,I dont think(that)she cares,does she?,当陈述部分带有表示“所有”含义的动词,have,时，附加疑问部分既可用,have,形式，也可用,do,形式；,如果陈述部分的动词是,have,的否定形式，附加疑问部分是用,have,形式还是用,do,形式，取决于陈述部分的动词形式,例如：,You have a Rolls-Royce,havent you?,dont you?,He hasnt a lot of time to spare,has he?,Miss White doesnt have any money in her pocket,does she?,当陈述部分的,have,不表示“所有”，而表示其他含义时，附加疑问部分须用,do,的一定形式,例如：,You often have headaches,dont you?,She had a good time yesterday,didnt she?,陈述部分带有情态助动词,ought to,时，附加疑问部分在英国英语中仍用,ought to,，但在美国英语中常用,should,。,例如：,The child ought to be punished,oughtnt he?,We ought to go there,shouldnt we?,陈述部分带有情态助动词,used to,时，附加疑问部分可用,used to,形式或,did,形式。,例如：,The,Allens,used to live in the country,usednt,they?,He used to smoke fifty cigarettes a day,didnt he?,陈述部分带有情态助动词,neednt,时，附加疑问部分通常仍用,need,。,例如：,You neednt go yet,need you?,注,：有时也可用,must,例如：,He neednt do that,must he?,陈述部分带有情态助动词,must,时，附加疑问部分通常仍用,must,。,例如：,You must work hard next term,mustnt you?,You must go home right now,mustnt you,?,注,：这里,must,作“有必要”解，附加疑问部分也可用,neednt,。,He must be very tired,mustnt he,?,注,：当,must,表示“一定”、“想必”等推测性意义时，附加疑问部分间或也可根据上下文采用其他动词。,例如：,He must be very tired,isnt he?,(He must be very tired=Im sure he is very tired.),He must have waited here for a long time,hasnt he?,(He must have waited=Im sure he has waited),You must have seen the play last week,didnt you?,(You must have seen=Im sure you saw),在由“祈使句,+,附加疑问”构成的附加疑问句中，附加疑问部分一般用,will you,would you.,例如：,Dont move the chair,will you?,Be quiet,would you?,注,：有时也可用,can,you,cant you,why dont you,could you,等。,例如：,Give me some cigarettes,can you?,Be quiet,cant you?,但是，在以,Lets,开首的祈使句之后，附加疑问部分用,shall we,。,例如：,Lets go camping,shall we?,Lets stop here,shall we?,以,Let us,开首的祈使句，如果含义是,allow us,，即不包括听话人在内时，附加疑问部分则用,will you,。,例如：,Let us go now,will you?,Let us have a look at your book,will you?,M.,当陈述句是一个带定语从句、同位语从句、状语从句、表语从句的主从复合句时，反意疑问部分的主语应跟主句的主语变。,Nothing that he said was wrong,was it?This is the reason why they didnt go swimming the other day,isnt it?She did it when she left here,didnt she?That is how he works there,isnt it?,N.,当陈述部分的主、谓语所省略，这时根据上下文或习惯用法来确定附加问句的主、谓语。,Fine day,isnt it?Lovely women,arent they?,O.,当陈述部分为并列句时，附加问句的主、谓语必须与后一个分句的主、谓语保持一致。,She works hard and she is the best one in her factory,isnt she?,P.,当陈述句是主谓结构“,I wish”,时，因表示征求对方意见，附加问句用“,may I”,I wish to go swimming,may I?,Q.,以,so,oh,开头的句子，若陈述句是肯定的，附加问句也用肯定形式；若陈述句是否定的，附加问句也用否定形式。,So he cant swim,cant he?Oh,you have won the first prize,have you?,R.,陈述部分有,have to+v.(had to+v.),，疑问部分常用,dont+,主语（,didnt+,主语）。,We have to get there at eight tomorrow,dont we?,S.,陈述部分有,had better+v.,疑问句部分用,hadnt you?,Youd better read it by yourself,hadnt you?,T.,陈述部分有,would rather+v.,，疑问部分多用,wouldnt+,主语。,He would rather read it ten times than recite it,wouldnt he?,U.,陈述部分有,Youd like to+v.,疑问部分用,wouldnt+,主语。,Youd like to go with me,wouldnt you?,V.,感叹句中，疑问部分用,be+,主语。,What colors,arent they?,What a smell,isnt it?,