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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,#,Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,#,Translation Skills,Defined Terms,Legalese,“May” “Shall”,精确、,无,无歧义,的,的措词,英汉法,律,律用语,涉,涉及到,当,当事人,的,的切身,利,利益,必须明,确,确地规,定,定权利,、,、义务,、,、行为,等,等，要,避,避免模,棱,棱两可,的,的措词,，,，以免,产,产生不,同,同的理,解,解，被,人,人钻了,法,法律空,子,子。例,如,如：,自9月20日起，,甲,甲方已,无,无权接,受,受任何,定,定单或,收,收据。,PartyA shall be unauthorizedtoacceptany ordersortoacceptany ordersortocollect anyaccount after September20.,PartyA shall be unauthorizedtoacceptany ordersortoacceptany ordersortocollect anyaccount on andafterSeptember20,.,.,Anadvance Paymentequaltotwelve (12%,),) percentofthe Subcontract price tobeexpressedinRMB shall be paidbythe Contractorafterthe cominginto force of thisAgreement.,正式古,雅,雅的用,词,词,为了显,示,示其权,威,威性，,英,英汉法,律,律用语,经,经常沿,袭,袭一些,专,专业术,语,语，避,免,免标新,立,立异，,避,避免用,通,通俗语,或,或俚语,，,，有时,甚,甚至使,用,用古语,，,，以表,示,示其“,固,固守成,规,规”。,例,例如，,一,一些英,语,语惯用,副,副词在,英,英汉法,律,律用语,中,中频繁,出,出现，,成,成了该,文,文体的,标,标志之,一,一，常,用,用的有herein，hereafter，hereinafter，hereto，hereunder，thereon,whereby，wherein等词。,其,其中，here指this，there指that，where指which。而在,汉,汉语英,汉,汉法律,用,用语中,，,，也经,常,常使用,文,文言虚,词,词，使,行,行文显,得,得凝炼,、,、端雅,，,，常见,的,的有：,兹,兹、本,、,、上述,、,、就此,、,、为此,等,等。,中国A公司与,日,日本B公司遵,照,照中华人,民,民共和,国,国中外,合,合资经,营,营法及有关,法,法律的,规,规定，,本,本着平,等,等互利,的,的原则,同意共,同,同投资,兴,兴办合,资,资经营,企,企业，,兹,兹签订,本,本合同,。,。,Inaccordance withthe stipulationsofTheLaw of thePeople,sRepublicofChinaonJointVenturesUsingChinese AndForeign Investmentand other relatedlawsandrules, andonthebasisofequalityand mutualbenefit,A of thePeople, sRepublicofChina,(,(PRC)and BofJapan, bothagreetoestablish aJointVentureEnterprise withjointinvestmentand,hereby,sign thiscontract,.,.,TheCommittee on Budget,FinanceandAdministrations shall reviewtheannual budgetestimateandthe financialstatementpresented by theDirector-General andmake recommendations,thereon,totheGeneralCouncil.,预算、,财,财政和,管,管理委,员,员会应,当,当对总,干,干事提,出,出的年,度,度概算,和,和财务,报,报表进,行,行审查,，,，并就,此,此向总,理,理事会,提,提出建,议,议。,Article 19Ifanorganinchargeofinvestigatory,procuratorial,judicialorprison administration work, or itsfunctionaries,infringeupon therightsand interestsofa citizen, alegalperson,orotherorganizations,intheexerciseofits functionsandpowers,thereby,causing damagetothevictims,thatorganshallbetheorganliable forcompensation,.,.,Article 31If apeoplescourt, in violationofthelaw,adoptsinciviloradministrativeproceedingscompulsorymeasuresorpreservativemeasuresinimpairmentoftheproceedings, or wronglyexecutesajudgmentora rulingorothereffectivelegaldocuments,thereby,resultingindamage being done, thecriminalcompensationproceduresofthis Lawshallbeapplicable to theprocedurefor makingclaimsfor compensationbytheclaimant,.,.,Article 12 Terms of ContractThetermsofacontractshallbeprescribed by theparties,andgenerally includethe following:(i)namesofthe partiesand thedomiciles,thereof,;(ii,),) subjectmatter;(iii)quantity;(iv,),) quality,;,;(v)priceorremuneration;(vi,),) time, place andmethodofperformance,;,;(vii)liabilitiesforbreach of contract;(viii)method of disputeresolution.Thepartiesmayenterintoa contract by referencing amodelcontractfor therelevantcontractcategory.,Article 26EffectivenessofAcceptanceA noticeofacceptance becomeseffective onceitreachestheofferor.Wherethe acceptancedoesnotrequirenotification, it becomeseffective onceanact of acceptanceisperformed in accordancewiththerelevantusageorasrequiredbythe offer.Wherea contract is concludedbytheexchangeofelectronicmessages,the timeofarrivaloftheacceptanceshallbegovernedbyParagraph2ofArticle 16,hereof,.,Where在法律,英,英语中,的,的特殊,用,用法,法律英,语,语中,Where常引导,状,状语成,句,句,可译为,“,“在时”,“当时候”,但它说,明,明的是,事,事物的,状,状况,不同于,表,表示时,间,间的when。,Wheretheinvoiceamountisinthe currency of neitherexporters norimporterscountry,the issuingbankmust empowerabank in thecorresponding currency areatocredit or transfer theowed amountondemandtothe correspondentbank.,Wherethesum payableisexpressed in words andalso in figures, andthereisa discrepancy betweenthe two,the sumdenoted by thewordsistheamount payable,good,Neglect of dutyisgoodcauseforremovalofa trustee,.,.,TheVendor shall procurethatthePurchaser acquires goodtitletothe Sharesfree fromall charges, liens,encum-branches,equitiesand claimswhatsoever.,Nowtherefore,inconsideration of thepremises,and therepresentations, warranties, covenants,and undertakingsofthepartieshereinaftersetforth, andforothergoodandvaluableconsideration,the partiesagreeamongthemselvesasfollows.,PartyA is acompanyduly organized,validlyexistingandingoodstandingasa legal personunderthelawsofthePRC.,IfanytermorprovisionofthisAgreementshallbecome or be declared illegal, invalidorunenforceableforany reasonwhatsoever,such termorprovision shall be severedfromthis Agreementshallbedeemedtobedeletedfrom thisAgreement,providedthat if suchdeletionmateriallyaffects or altersthebasisofthisAgreement, theparties shall negotiateingood faith to amend andmodifythe provisionsand terms of thisAgreement as maybenecessaryordesirable in thecircumstances.,“goodtitle”是指titlethat is legallyvalidand effective（“法,律,律上有,效,效的所,有,有权”,，,，亦可,译,译成“,无,无可争,辩,辩的所,有,有权”,）,）。,“goodcause”表示a legallysufficientreason（“法,律,律上有,充,充分理,由,由”）,。,。,“goodconsideration”系consideration thatisvalidunderthe law（“法,律,律上有,效,效的约,因,因或对,价,价”）,。,。,“ingoodstanding”表示是,符,符合法,律,律法规,要,要求的,，,，是有,资,资格的,。,。,“goodfaith”的意思,是,是honesty,fairnessandlawfulnessofpurpose，相当,于,于汉语,里,里的“,诚,诚信”,，,，译文,加,加了“,态,态度”,，,，使之,具,具体化,，,，符合,汉,汉语的,表,表达方,式,式,。,Shall,May,法律英,语,语是一,种,种非常,正,正式的,语,语体,法律在,规,规范权,利,利或义,务,务时,常常有,“,“应该,”,”、“,必,必须”,、,、“可,以,以”、,“,“不得,”,”等词,除了必,需,需的主,动,动词外,需要借,助,助情态,助,助动词,来,来表达,。,。用得,较,较多的,情,情态助,动,动词有shall, may, must,will ,oughtto等。,shall,shall是法律,法,法规等,立,立法用,语,语中最,基,基本、,最,最广泛,的,的情态,助,助动词,。,。在普,通,通英语,中,中, shall的用法,是,是将来,时,时态的,一,一种构,成,成形式,而且其,主,主语一,般,般是第,一,一人称,。,。而在,法,法律英,语,语中,在有shall句子中,主语通,常,常都是,第,第三人,称,称。因,此,此,在翻译shall或其所,在,在句子,时,时,不是将,其,其翻译,为,为表达,将,将来时,态,态的普,通,通含义,而是依,据,据不同,情,情况,进行不,同,同的文,字,字处理,。,。,Anycostsand feesreceivedbyalegalofficer hereundershallbepaid intothe generalrevenue.,律政人,员,员根据,本,本条例,所,所收取,的,的任何,讼,讼费及,费,费用,须拨入,政,政府一,般,般收入,内,内。,Thelawful civil rightsandinterests of citizens andlegalpersons shall be protectedbylaw,;,; no organizationorindividual mayinfringeupon them,.,.,Article 5The State shall notbeliablefor compensationinanyofthe followingcircumstances:(1)Individualacts of afunctionaryofanadministrativeorgan, which havenothingtodowith theexerciseofhisfunctions andpowers,;,;(2)Damage arisenfrom actsdonebycitizens,legalpersonsorotherorganizations themselves,;,; or(3)Othercircumstancesprovidedbylaw,.,.,A recorder shall haveand mayexerciseallthe jurisdiction, powersandprivilegesandshallhaveandperformallthe dutiesofa judge of theCourtofFirstInstance, andanyreference in anylawtosucha judge shall be construedaccordingly.,特委法,官,官具有,并,并可行,使,使原讼,法,法庭法,官,官的所,有,有司法,管,管辖权,、,、权力,及,及特权,亦具有,并,并须执,行,行原讼,法,法庭法,官,官的所,有,有职责,而任何,法,法律中,凡,凡提述,此,此等法,官,官之处,须据此,而,而解释,。,。,法律英,语,语中也,有,有关于shall否定式,即,即shallnot的应用,其译文,常,常为“,无,无须”,、,、“不,得,得”, maynot正是表,达,达此含,义,义的常,用,用专业,词,词汇。,因,因此, shall not远不及maynot的使用,频,频率高,。,。,Article 114.Ifone party is sufferinglossesowingtothe other partysbreach of contract,itshalltake promptmeasurestoprevent thelossesfromincreasing;ifitdoes notpromptlydoso,it,shallnot,have therighttoclaimcompensationfor theadditional losses.,Article 107.Civilliability,shallnot,beborneforfailuretoperform acontractordamage to athirdpartyifitiscaused by force majeure, exceptasotherwiseprovidedbylaw.,Article 128.Apersonwho causesharm in exercisingjustifiabledefense,shallnot,bear civil liability.Ifjustifiabledefenseexceeds thelimitsofnecessity andundueharm is caused,anappropriateamount of civil liabilityshallbeborne.,may,may表达一,种,种“可,以,以”意,思,思,使其主,语,语(主体)有一定,的,的选择,空,空间,这种功,用,用在普,通,通英语,和,和法律,英,英语中,是,是一样,的,的。但,是,是,要注意,两,两点:,其一, may在法律,英,英语中,的,的内涵,和,和外延,都,都相对,较,较窄,它没有,表,表达“,可,可能”,等,等猜测,意,意思的,功,功用,其在这,方,方面的,应,应用要,受,受限制;,其二,中文里,的,的“可,以,以”表,示,示主体,实,实施或,不,不实施,某,某行为,的,的一种,选,选择性,的,的权利,此即“,授,授权性,法,法律规,范,范”文,字,字的意,思,思,但有时,又,又是“,义,义务性,法,法律规,范,范”的,言,言词。,所,所以,对中文,“,“可以,”,”的含,义,义要辨,证,证看待,。,。同样,道,道理,处理may的译语,则,则要求,不,不能过,于,于呆板,即不能,只,只翻译,为,为“可,以,以”,根据特,定,定语境,也可译,为,为“应,该,该”、,“,“必须,”,”等。,TheGovernmentmay,insuch mannerandonsuchtermsandsubjecttosuch conditionsasmay be agreedbetween theGovernment andanyperson ,borrow fromsuchpersonsuchsumorsumsandfor suchpurposesasmay be approved by resolutionofthe Legislative Council,.,.,政府可,向,向任何,人,人借入,款,款项,借入的,方,方式、,条,条款及,规,规限条,件,件由政,府,府与该,人,人以协,议,议议定,而借入,的,的款额,及,及借款,的,的目的,则,则须由,立,立法会,藉,藉决议,批,批准。,shall用在法,律,律文件,中,中是用,来,来表达,义,义务的,；,；,may在法律,文,文件中,是,是用来,表,表达权,利,利的。,法律起,草,草人一,般,般仅在,具,具有法,律,律效力,的,的法律,文,文件中,使,使用shall， 而,在,在不具,有,有法律,效,效力的,准,准法律,文,文件中,用,用will来代替shall，以示,文,文件为,非,非正式,文,文件，,不,不具有,充,充分的,法,法律效,力,力,。,Article 11.A citizenaged18orover shall be an adult.He,shall,have fullcapacityfor civil conduct,may,independently engageincivilactivities andshallbecalledapersonwithfull capacity forcivilconduct.A citizenwho hasreached theageof16but nottheage of 18 andwhosemain sourceofincomeishis ownlaborshallberegardedasa personwith fullcapacityfor civil conduct,.,.,从形式,上,上看, maynot是may的否定,式,式,但从法,律,律英语,中,中体现,出,出来的,实,实际意,义,义上看, maynot并不是,对,对may,(,(可以)的直接,否,否定(不可以) ,而是特,指,指法律,上,上一种,禁,禁止性,规,规定的,表,表达形,式,式,常作“,禁,禁止”,、,、“不,得,得”讲,。,。,Unlessthe buyer hasreceivednoticefromtheseller thathewillnotperformwithinthe periodsofixed,the buyer maynot,duringthatperiod,resorttoany remedyforbreach of contract.,除非买,方,方收到,卖,卖方的,通,通知,声称他,将,将不在,所,所规定,的,的时间,内,内履行,义,义务,买方在,这,这段时,间,间内不,得,得对违,反,反合同,采,采取任,何,何补救,措,措施。,Article 58.Civilacts in thefollowingcategoriesshallbenull andvoid:(1)thoseperformed by aperson withoutcapacityfor civil conduct,;,;(2)thosethataccordingtolaw,maynot,beindependently performedbya personwith limitedcapacityfor civil conduct,;,;(3)thoseperformed by aperson againsthis trueintentionsasa resultofcheating,coercionorexploitation of hisunfavorablepositionbytheotherparty,;,;,Article 80State-ownedland maybeused accordingtolawbyunitsunderownership by thewholepeople,;,; it mayalso be lawfully assigned forusebyunitsundercollectiveownership,.,. Thestateshallprotect theusufructoftheland,and theusufructuaryshallbeobligated to manage,protectandproperlyuse theland.Therightofcitizensand collectives to contract formanagement of landundercollectiveownershiporofstate,-,-ownedlandundercollective useshallbeprotectedbylaw.Therights andobligationsofthetwo contracting partiesshallbestipulatedinthecontractsigned in accordancewiththelaw.Land,maynot,besold,leased, mortgagedorillegallytransferredbyany other means.,A claimant whodemands compensation,shall,firstapplytotheorganliable forthecompensation,or,may,make demandsfor it simultaneously whenapplyingfor administrative reconsiderationofthecaseorwhen bringing an administrative action.,Article 5Upholdingtheprinciple of oneChinaisthebasisofpeacefulreunificationofthecountry.,Toreunify thecountry throughpeacefulmeansbestservesthe fundamental interestsofthecompatriotsonbothsidesoftheTaiwan Straits,.,. Thestate,shall,doitsutmost withmaximumsinceritytoachievea peaceful reunification,.,.,Afterthecountryisreunifiedpeacefully,Taiwan maypracticesystems differentfrom those on themainlandandenjoyahigh degreeofautonomy.,第五条,坚,坚持,一,一个中,国,国原则,，,，是实,现,现祖国,和,和平统,一,一的基,础,础。,以和平,方,方式实,现,现祖国,统,统一，,最,最符合,台,台湾海,峡,峡两岸,同,同胞的,根,根本利,益,益。国,家,家以最,大,大的诚,意,意，尽,最,最大的,努,努力，,实,实现和,平,平统一,。,。,国家和,平,平统一,后,后，台,湾,湾可以,实,实行不,同,同于大,陆,陆的制,度,度，高,度,度自治,。,。,Article 8Inthe event thatthe Taiwanindependencesecessionistforces shouldactunderany nameorbyany means to cause thefact of Taiwans secessionfrom China,orthat major incidentsentailingTaiwanssecession fromChinashould occur,orthat possibilitiesfor apeacefulreunificationshouldbecompletelyexhausted, thestate,shall,employnon-peaceful means andothernecessarymeasurestoprotectChinas sovereignty andterritorialintegrity,.,.,TheStateCouncilandthe CentralMilitaryCommissionshalldecideonand executethe non-peacefulmeansandothernecessary measures as provided forinthepreceding paragraphandshallpromptlyreport to theStandingCommitteeofthe National Peoples Congress.,第八条,“,“台,独,独”分,裂,裂势力,以,以任何,名,名义、,任,任何方,式,式造成,台,台湾从,中,中国分,裂,裂出去,的,的事实,，,，或者,发,发生将,会,会导致,台,台湾从,中,中国分,裂,裂出去,的,的重大,事,事变，,或,或者和,平,平统一,的,的可能,性,性完全,丧,丧失，,国,国家,得,采取非,和,和平方,式,式及其,他,他必要,措,措施，,捍,捍卫国,家,家主权,和,和领土,完,完整。,依照前,款,款规定,采,采取非,和,和平方,式,式及其,他,他必要,措,措施，,由,由国务,院,院、中,央,央军事,委,委员会,决,决定和,组,组织实,施,施，并,及,及时向,全,全国人,民,民代表,大,大会常,务,务委员,会,会报告,。,。,Must,在法律,英,英语中, must表示“,应,应该、,必,必须”,的,的意思,但是它,所,所表达,的,的对主,语,语要求,的,的语气,要,要比shall表达的,强,强得多,。,。由于,法,法律语,言,言是要,求,求极为,庄,庄重的,正,正式语,体,体,所以语,言,言表达,本,本身多,客,客观现,实,实、少,主,主观臆,想,想内容, must自然比shall使用得,少,少。,Such decisionsshallbemade in theAssemblyorthrough votingbycorrespondenceandmustbeunanimous,.,.,上述决,定,定应在,大,大会作,出,出或者,经,经由通,讯,讯投票,作,作出而,且,且必须,一,一致通,过,过。,Article 6,.,. Civil activities,must,beincompliance withthe law;wherethereare no relevant provisionsinthe law,theyshallbeincompliance withstatepolicies,.,.,will,情态助,动,动词will是法律,英,英语中,表,表达将,来,来时态,的,的一个,常,常用词,。,。其功,用,用和翻,译,译的处,理,理和普,通,通英语,是,是一样,的,的。,Nopersonshallenterinto, renew or continue acontractofemploymentasanemployerunlesshebelievesuponreasonable groundsthathewill be abletopay allwagesdueunderthe contract of employmentastheybecomedue.,任何人,除非有,合,合理理,由,由自信,会,会有能,力,力在到,期,期支付,时,时付给,所,所有根,据,据雇佣,合,合约须,到,到期支,付,付的工,资,资,否则不,得,得以雇,主,主身分,订,订立、,续,续订或,继,继续任,何,何雇佣,合,合约。,oughtto,情态助,动,动词oughtto是表示,“,“应该,”,”含义,中,中语气,较,较弱的,一,一个助,动,动词,而且带,有,有主体,的,的主观,思,思想在,内,内,所以它(包括否,定,定式oughtnotto,),)用得也,不,不多。,Anyshareholderofthe companywho kneworoughttohaveknownabouttherelevantaccountingtransactionandall directorsofthecompanyshallbepersonally liableforany debtorliability of thecompany arisingout of therelevantaccounting transaction.,任何知,道,道或应,已,已知道,该,该项有,关,关会计,交,交易的,公,公司股,东,东以及,公,公司全,体,体董事,均须对,该,该公司,因,因该项,有,有关会,计,计交易,而,而引起,的,的任何,债,债项或,债,债务,承担个,人,人法律,责,责任。,Defined Terms,A “Person,”,”,includes,anyindividual,company,bodycorporateornincorporatedorotherjudicialperson, partnership,firm,jointventure or trust or federation, state or subdivision thereoforany governmentoragency thereof,.,.,“Law”andor,“,“Regulation,”,” includes anyconstitutionalprovisions,treaties,conventions, statutes,acts,laws,decrees,ordinances,subsidiary andsubordinatelegislation,orders,andruleshaving theforceoflawand rules of civil andcommonlaw andequity,.,.,“SAIC”,means,theStateAdministrationfor Industry andCommerceofthepeoplesRepublicofChina,.,.,“Commission”the Securitiesand FuturesCommission,established,undersection 3ofthe Securitiesand FuturesCommissionOrdinanceand continuinginexistence under section3oftheSecuritiesandFuture Ordinance.,“ValueAddedTax”or,“,“VAT”meansthetox referred to as value added taxintheProvisionalRegulationsofthe Peoples Republic of China ConcerningValueAddedTax,promulgatedbytheStateCouncilofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaon13December1993oranytax of asimilarnaturewhichreplacessuchtax,.,.,1、 按,原,原文翻,译,译,“Articles”meansthe Articles of Association of theExchange.,“章程”,指,指交易,所,所的组,织,织章程,。,。,2、在译,文,文前加,“,“本”,字,字,“Exchange”meansthe Stock Exchange of HongKongLimited.,“本交易,所,所”指,香,香港联,合,合交易,所,所有限,公,公司。,3、 在,译,译文前,加,加“有,关,关”,“Group”meansthe issue or guarantorandits subsidiaries,ifany.,“有关集,团,团”指,发,发行人,或,或担保,人,人及其,附,附属公,司,司（如,有,有）。,4、在译,文,文前加,上,上限定,词,词,“Regulations”meansthe samemeaningasinrule 19A.04,“特别规,定,定”一,词,词的含,义,义与第19A,.,.04条中该,词,词的含,义,义相同,。,。,Legalese,Ifandonlyif如果及,仅,仅如果,Unlessand until除非与,直,直至,Intheeventthat在的情况,下,下,Totheextent (that)在的范围,内,内,Insofaras只要,Subject to根据的规定,Providedthat如果；,但,但,Without prejudiceto在不损,害,害的原则,下,下,Inthecaseof如属的情况,Without limiting thegenerality of在不局,限,限的一般,性,性的原,则,则下,With (out,),) theprior,(,(written)consentof（未）,经,经事先（,书,书面）,同,同意,notwithstanding,/,/inspiteof不论,Forthe purposeof为,Inconnection with,Inrespect ofwith respectto就,Includingbut notlimited to /including withoutlimitation包括但,不,不限于,Intheordinarycourse of business在通常,业,业务运,作,作中,Jointly andseverally共同及,各,各别,、,、 连,带,带,TheRegistrar shall approveaproposeddenominationfor avariety,if,and onlyif, in theopinion of theRegistrar, it complies withthe prescribedrequirements.,在处长,认,认为某,一,一品种,的,的建议,名,名目符,合,合定名,规,规定的,情,情况下,，,，他须,批,批准该,建,建议名,目,目，亦,只,只有在,该,该情况,下,下他方,可,可批准,该,该建议,名,名目。,Intheeventof,anyconflictbetweentheprovisionsofthis agreementandthe provisionsofthe Articles of Association theprovisions of thisagreement shall prevail,.,.,Intheeventof,anydifferenceordispute arisingbetweenthepartiesastotheconstruction of thisagreement thesame shall be determinedbyanarbitratorappointedinaccordancewith theRulesofArbitrationoftheLondon ChamberofCommerce,.,.,Intheeventthat,VATischargeableonthetransferofany of theAssetspursuanttothisagreementthensubject to thereceipt by thePurchaserofavalidVATinvoiceorinvoicesrelatingtosuch AssetsthePurchaser shallpaytothe Vendoranamountequaltothe amountofVATpayable,inrespect of,thesametogetherwith anypenalty or interest incurred forlate paymentofsuchtax,.,.,TheWarrantiesandall other provisionsofthisAgreement,insofaras,thesameshallnothavebeen performedatCompletion,shallremaininfullforceandeffect notwithstandingCompletion.,Anypartytowhomthesummonsfordirectionsisaddressedmust,sofaraspracticable,applyatthehearingofthesummonsforany order or directionswhichhemay desireastoanymatter capableofbeingdealtwithonaninterlocutory application in theactionand must, notless than7days beforethehearingofthesummons,serveonthe other partiesanoticespecifyingthoseordersand directions,insofaras,they differfrom theordersand directionsaskedfor by thesummons.,Thecreation, alteration, alienationorterminationofthe realrightofarealtyshallbe,subject to,registrationinaccordancewith law.The creation or alienationofthe realrightofachattel shall be deliveredinaccordance withlaw.,A survivingspousewho remarriesisentitledtodispose of thepropertyheorshehas inherited,subject to,nointerferencebyany other person.,Article 41DisputeConcerning ConstructionofStandardTermIncase of anydispute concerningthe constructionofa standard term, suchtermshallbeinterpretedinaccordance withcommon sense.Ifthestandardtermis,subject to,twoormoreinterpretations, it shall be interpreted againstthe party supplyingit.Ifadiscrepancyexistsbetweenthestandardtermandanon,-,-standardterm,the non-standardterm prevails.,Wecanfinish thejobintime,provided/onconditionthat,thereisa stablesupplyofmaterial,.,.,Providedthat,noobjectionisraised，wewill setback theprogram.,受要约,人,人在承,诺,诺期限,内,内发出,承,承诺,按照通,常,常情形,能,能够及,时,时到达,要,要约人,但,因其他,原,原因承,诺,诺到达,要,要约人,时,时超过,承,承诺期,的,的,除要约,人,人及时,通,通知受,要,要约人,因,因承诺,超,超过期,限,限不接,受,受该承,诺,诺的以,外,外,该承诺,有,有效。,When,withinthe timelimitfor acceptance, theofferee dispatchesthe acceptance, theacceptance in question will, in normalcircumstances,reachtheofferorintime.,Providedthat,if, becauseofotherreasons, theacceptance reachesthe offerorbeyond thetime limit,theacceptanceshallremaineffective,exceptthat,the offerorpromptlyinformstheoffereethat theofferor in question refusestoaccept theacceptance becausethe timelimitfor acceptancehas exceeded.,Anyforeignembassy or consulatestationedinthe Peoples Republic of China mayservedocumentsand carry outinvestigation andcollection of evidence,with respectto,itsnationals,providedthat,thelawsofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaare notviolatedandnocompulsorymeasuresmaybeadopted.,Ifa criminal whoissentencedtofixed,-,-termimprisonmenthas servedmore thanhalfofthetermofhisoriginalsentence, or acriminalwho is sentencedtolife imprisonmenthasserved notless thanten years of histerm,parolemay be grantedthereto,providedthat,heobservestherulesofprison conscientiously,acceptseducationand reformandshowstruerepentance andwill no longercauseharm to thesociety after parole.Underspecialcircumstances andwith approval of theSupreme Peoples Court,theaboverestrictions relating to theterm servedmaybedisregarded,.,.,IftheSeller fails to deliverall of theGoodsinaccordance withthe contract on theDelivery
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