资源描述
单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,Unit 2,Working the land,To learn the,-ing,form as the subject and object,Since then,finding ways to grow more,rice,has been his life goal.,2.As a young man,he saw the great need,for,increasing the rice output,.,Look at the following sentences.,3.He enjoys,listening to violin music,playing mah-jong,swimming and reading,.,4.,Spending money on himself or leading a,comfortable life,also means very little to,him.,5.,Just dreaming for things,however,costs,nothing.,1.,动词,-ing,形式的构成：,是在动词末加,-ing,形,式构成。,如：,do-doing,be-being,ask-asking,etc.,否定形式：,not+-ing,构成,2.,动词,-ing,形式,不能单独作谓语，没人称和数,的变化，但可以有自己的宾语和状语，还有,时态和语态的变化。,动词,-ing,形式,看图完成下面的句子。,_ _ is my favourite sport.,Playing football,My sister enjoys_,alone by the sea.,taking a walk,The cartoon is _.,amusing,We heard Tommy _ in his room.,singing,She sat on the sofa _ a newspaper.,reading,动词,-ing,形式能在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语。,在本单元首先讲解动词,-ing,形式在句中作主语和宾语的用法。,The-ing form as,the subject and object,一、动词,-ing,形式作主语,1.,动词,-ing,形式作主语，表示一般或抽象的习惯性行为，谓语动词用单数。如：,Reading aloud is,very important for us to learn a foreign language.,Going to bed early and getting up early is,considered to be a good habit.,2.,在一些句子中，常用,it,作形式主语放在句首，而把真正的主语放到句末。如：,It is no use crying,over spilt milk.,It+be+a waste of time doing,做,是浪费时间的,It is/was no good/use doing,做,是没益,/,用处的,It is/was hardly/scarcely worth doing,做,不值得,It is/was worth/worthwhile doing,做,是值得的,There is no sense in doing,做,没有道理,常用,-ing,形式作主语的句型有：,二、动词,-ing,形式作宾语,1.,有些动词后只能跟动词,-ing,形式作宾语，而不能跟动词不定式作宾语。有此用法的动词有：,allow,advise,admit,appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,keep,mind,mention,permit,practice,quit,risk,suggest,等。如：,My mother,advised asking,a doctor to come and examine my eyes.,Were,considering paying,a visit to the Science Museum.,2.,有些动词后既可跟动词,-ing,形式作宾语,也可跟动词不定式作宾语,但用法和意,义都有所不同。这些动词是：,begin,start,continue,like,love,prefer,mean,forget,remember,hate,等。,A.在like,love,hate,prefer等动词之后，用-,ing或不定式意义上没有什么不同，只是侧,重点有些不同，动词-ing形式表示泛指的动,作，不定式表示具体的一次性动作。,B.,在,begin/start,continue,之后，用动词,-ing,和不定式，意义无甚区别，尤其是当主语是,人的时候。,C.,在动词,forget,remember,regret,之后，用动,词,-ing,与不定式意义不同。动词,-ing,表示动作先于谓语发生，不定式表示后于谓语动作。,e.g.I,remember posting,the letter.,我记得我已把信寄了。,Ill,remember to post,the letter.,我会记着去寄信的。,I shall never,forget seeing,the famous,writer.,我永远不会忘记见到过那位著名作家。,Dont,forget to write,to your mother.,不要忘了给你母亲写信。,D.,在,try,mean,之后，意义各不相同，如,try to,do(,设法,),，,try doing(,试试,),，,mean to do(,打,算，有意要做,),，,mean doing(,意思是，意味,着,),。,e.g.We must,try to get,everything done in time.,我们必须设法及时把一切搞好。,Lets,try doing,the working in some other,way.,我们用别的方法做这个工作试试。,I didnt,mean to make,you angry.,我并不想让你生气。,Your plan would,mean spending,hours.,你的计划意味着要花费几个小时。,E.go on doing,和,go on to do:,go on doing,继续做一直在做的事；,go on to do,接着做另一件事。,e.g.,Please,go on doing,the same exercise.,请接着做同一个练习。,Please,go on to do,the other exercise.,请做另外一个练习。,F.stop doing,与,stop to do:,stop doing,停止做,;,stop to do,停下正在干的事去干另一件事。,e.g.,We,stopped talking,.,我们停止了交谈。,We,stopped to talk,.,我们停下来去谈话。,3.,动词,-ing,形式用在动词,need,want,require,等后表示“需要”时,用动词,-ing,形式的主动形式或者用不定式的被动式表示被动意义。如：,The carpet really,wants cleaning,.=,The carpet really,wants to be cleaned,.,4.,动词,-ing,形式作介词的宾语。要特别注意,:be/get used to,look forward to,pay attention to,stick to,devote to,等中的,to,都是介词而不是动词不定式符号。如：,My father,is used to going to bed,late and getting up very early.,I,m looking forward to receiving,your reply.,【,即学即练,】,用括号内动词的正确形式完成下面的短文。,1._(find)a job in the United States takes specific skills.The following advice will help you find a job there.,Write a good resume(,简历,).Describe your accomplishments(,成绩,).Avoid _(include)unnecessary information.Your resume should be one page,if possible.,including,Finding,Find out about available jobs.One way is by _(look)in the newspaper or on the Internet.Another way is by networking.Networking means _(exchange)information with anyone you know family,friends,neighbors,classmates,former co-workers,professional groups who might know of a job.,exchanging,looking,These people might also be able to give you insider information about a company,such as who is in charge and what it is like to work at their company.,Practice the interview.The more prepared you are,the more relaxed you will feel.If you are worried about _(say)or _(do)the wrong thing,practice will help.,doing,saying,Learn something about the company.Finding information takes time,but it pays off.,You can get help in these skills writing a resume,networking,preparing for an interview,researching a company,by _(see)a career counselor(,顾问,).Most high schools and colleges have one who can help you get started.,seeing,Finding a job is one of the most difficult jobs.Some people send out hundreds of resumes and go to dozens of interviews before finding a job.And it isnt something you do just once or twice in your lifetime.For most Americans,_(change)jobs many times in a lifetime is not uncommon.,changing,1.Scientists have responded by_(note)that hungry bears may be congregating
展开阅读全文