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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,完形填空,解题技巧,cloze,借助合理联想解题,利用首句解题,调动语法规那么解题,通过词义辨析解题,凭借背景知识解题,Topics:,依据上下文语境解题 运用逻辑分析判断解题,跳过空格，通读全文，把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难，个个击破,完形填空的解题总那么,把握整体,具体分析,上下文是营造语境的根底，也是逻辑推理的依据。通过分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，根据上下文中比照，因果，转折等线索，前后顺序，上文对下文的提示以及下文对上文的解释等关系，找出信息词，猜出文中的生词并继而判断出需要填入的单词，是做好完形填空题的关键。,CONTEXT,近年来，完形填空题在设计上朝着深层化及语境化的方面挖掘，侧重对篇章结构的理解和逻辑推理判断能力的考查。设空时以实词为主，而且几乎不暴露明显的语言错误，词语在特定的语境中所表达的隐含信息大都无法光凭外表理解获知。就选择题而言，那么加强了干扰项的迷惑性，从而提高了试题的难度值。因此，只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定,，才能够准确做出判断。,D stands for,d,_.We should first of all make sure that the accident scene is no longer,dangerous,.R is for,r,_.If the person can,answer,our questions,we know that he or she is,conscious,and can breathe.A is for,airway,.We must make sure that a persons airway is open and it is easy to,b,_.B is for breathing.If a person is breathing but not,c,_,it is usually best for him or her not to be moved.C is for,circulation,.Is the persons blood,c,_?,anger,esponse,reathe,onscious,irculating,I,.,运用上下文中的话题再现解题,Ex.1.Fill in the blanks,pay attention to the red letters.,eg.What life will be like in the future is difficult to,predict,.It is,however,possible to use models to make,forecasts,about future developments.,topic emersion,有时话题再现也表现为反义词或同类词再现,eg.The most important thing to keep in mind when dealing with an emergency is to stay,calm,.If we were to,Panic,we would not be able to help.,Ex.2.Fill in the blanks with proper words.The first letter of each word has been given.Pay attention to the clues in red.,And,if,poverty is l_ of a problem and people are,better,educated,there is a good chance that we will see,less,violence and f_ wars.,ess,ewer,AIDS is a disease that breaks _1_ the bodys immune system and leaves a person defenceless against infections and illnesses.Most people who have AIDS _2_ to survive only _3_ years after they get the disease.For some,medicine can help them alive,but the treatment is expensive and does not _4_ them.,A,down B over C into D up,A try B manage C struggle D learn,A few B less C a few D enough,A treat B operate C help D cure,II.,运用上下文中的语义联系解题,Ex.3.Find out some clues,and then choose the best answers.,defenceless against,infections and illnesses,survive only,after they get the disease,but,semantic association,A.,Xiaohua has learnt to,l,_ with HIV and the fact that she will one day,d,_ AIDS.She knows that her life will not be as long as her classmates,but,she will not let the disease,d,_ her happiness.,B.,I now think of my cancer as a,g,_.Living with cancer has made me realise how precious life is and how important it is for us to take every chance to live life to the,f,_.Every day is a new opportunity,and I have learnt to,a,_ every minute of each day.,ive,evelop,ift,ullest,ppreciate,estroy,III.,通过理解篇章或深层意义解题,Ex.4.Understand the main idea of the paragraphs,then fill in the blanks.The first letter of each word is given.,discourse,1)On the whole,I think I am a better person for having gone to the school.I can read and write as well as anyone else my age,and I can think better.Thats probably a real big difference between the free school and regular school-the amount of _.(NMET2000,春,A.reading B.gardening C.teaching D.thinking,该段落强调作者比同龄人更会思考，且这一点是,Free School,和正规学校的最大区别。结尾处是对上文的总结，属于话题同现的情况。,Explanation:,Ex.5.Try to find out some clues with the skills we learnt,and then work out the problems.,_,Lets have a try,!,2)Todd was working at his gas station at night when he heard over the radio that a bank in Long Island had been broken into by an armed man who had killed the night guard and got away with$150,000.“One hundred and fifty thousand,Todd whistled.Heres a fellow who just walks into a bank and helps himself to so much money.Todd thought of the _ with which he managed to get the amount of money he needed to start his gas station.So many papers to sign,so much money to pay back.,A.satisfaction B.difficulty C.disappointment D.spirit,_,_,_,_,_,填此空时，应该充分利用上下文，对照上文的语气：武装分子抢钱如此轻巧！而自己赚钱却是如此麻烦，其中,manage to,也有一定提示作用。,4)It was an early morning in summer.In the street,sleepily-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their _.,A.jobs B.homes C.buses D.offices,通过下文中政治家名字的提示，可以确定D为最正确答案。,3),Surely it took the wisdom of age to make a good _.Perhaps it does,but look when these people started their careers.Winston Churchill was elected to the House of Commons at the age of twenty-six.Abraham Lincoln gave up the life of a country lawyer and was elected to the government at what age?Twenty-six.,A.teacher B.artist C.scientist D.leader,完形填空题的解题过程首先是一个阅读的过程。做题时必须把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合。在整个解题的过程中不断地从各个角度进行符合逻辑的推理，进而验证推理的正确性，修正初填的答案，以到达理解全文、解决问题的目的。,REASONING,因此可以说正确分析推理是恰当解题的必要条件，而恰当解题又是对题目进行正确分析推理的必然结果。这局部中过渡词是考查的重点，一方面它们能推动情节开展，提示或暗示文章的内在联系，另一方面抓住关键语言信息的词语，确定合理的过渡词对于解题质量都是至关重要的。,过渡词,是指用以使上下文连贯的,连词,，,副词,或,介词词组,，常常暗示了作者的思路方向，有利于判断句子之间的逻辑关系。,并列关系,and,while,因果关系,so,thus,for,because,since,as,转折关系,but,however,though,nevertheless,on the contrary.,顺序关系,before,after,first,then,finally,让步关系,although,despite,条件关系,i
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