定语从句 (2)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句,对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。,_,_,The man,who came here yesterday,has come again.,关系副词,when,和,why,用于引导限制性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省去，但是,where,通常不可以省去。如：,a.Be sure to call on us next time,(when),you come to town.,b.This is one of the reasons,(why)you may,like to eat it.,非限制性定语从句,和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：,a.Abraham Lincoln,who led the United States through these years,was murdered on April 14,1865.,b.He sent a special governor,a man named Gessler,who would rule with a firm hand.,_,_,c.He lives in another town,which is only about an hours ride from here.,d.Soon they arrived at a farmhouse,in front of which sat a small boy.,e.They set up a separate state of their own,where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.,注意,：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用,that，,指人时用,who(,主语),whom(,宾语)，指物时须用,which.,限制性定语从句,非限制性定语从句,形式上,不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。,用逗号“，”与主句隔开。,意义上,是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整,。,只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。,译法上,译成先行词的定语：“的”,通常译成主句的并列句。,关系词的使用上,A,作宾语时可省略,B,可用,that,C,可用,who,代替,whom,A,不可省略,B,不用,that,C,不可用,who,代替,whom,Practice A,请,区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句,：,The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on.,His mother,who loves him very much,is strict with him.,China is a country which has a long history.,China,which was founded in 1949,is becoming more and more powerful.,Practice B,区分下列几组句子的不同含义：,1.,Her brother who is now a soldier always encourages her to go to college.,Her brother,who is now a soldier,always encourages her to go to college,.,她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。,（意含：,她还有其他哥哥。）,她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。,（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）,.All the books that have pictures in them are well written.,All the books,which have pictures in them,are well written.,所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。,（意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）,所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。,（意含：没有不带插图的书。）,Exercises A,1、,All_ is useful to us is good.,A、which,B、what,C、that,D、whether,C,解析：定语从句中的先,行词为,all,none,等词时，,关系代词必须用,that,而,不是,which.,故选,C。,2、,Is this factory _ we visited last,week.,A、where,B、that,C、which,D、the one,D,解析：,this factory,容易被学生错,误地混为先行词，其实这是,This,factory,是句子的主语而不是先行,词。所以选择,D.The one,中的,one,指代的是,factory,作定语从句的,先行词。,4、,This is the school _ my father,worked 20 years ago.,A、that,B、when,C、which,D、where,D,解析：题中的,the school,是定语从句的先行词。,in+which=where,因此选,D.,试比较：,This school is _ my father worked 20 years ago.,where B.the one where,C.that D.the one which,B,3、,She will never forget the day_,she spent in Beijing.,A、when,B、what,C、which,D、why,C,解析：,the day,是定语从句的先行词，,she spent in Beijing,中的动词,spent,是个及物动词，后接宾语，,the day,作动词,spent,的宾语。因此选,C.,5、,This is the factory_we visited,last year.,A、that,B、in which,C、what,D、the one,A,解析：,the factory,是定语从句的先行词,用作宾语；从句,we visited last year,中,visit,是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选,A.,6、,The text is one of the most interesting,stories_learnt in the past,three days.,A、that have,B、that have been,C、which has,D、which has been,B,解析：,stories,是定语从句的先行词,同时,stories,被最高级所修饰，因此选,B.,1、,The college wont take anyone _,eyesight is weak.,A、who,B、whose,C、of whom,D、which,B,Exercises B,1、,Let me think of a proper situation,_ this sentence can be used.,A、where,B、that,C、of whom,D、which,A,2、,The man _ you are talking is,in the next room.,A、to whom,B、about whom,C、about who,D、whom,B,3、,I dont like the way _ he,spoke to me.,A、by that,B、what,C、by which,D、/,D,5、,This is the only thing _ I can,do now.,A、what,B、which,C、that,D、all,C,4、,I，_ you good friend,will try my best to help you out.,A、who is,B、what is,C、what am,D、who am,D,7、,His walking stick,_ he cant,walk,was lost yesterday.,A、that,B、with which,C、which,D、without which,D,6、,Those _ to take part in the game,write down your names.,A、who,B、who want,C、what wants,D、want,B,8、,They have decided to finish their,work,_,I think is a wise choice.,A、that,B、what,C、which,D、whether,C,9、,This is the reason _ he told me.,A、that,B、why,C、on which,D、for that,A,10、,This is the last factory _ he used to,work at,many workers of _ still,have a good relationship with him.,A、that;it,B、which;whom,C、that;which,D、which;that,C,11、,There are three libraries in our,school,_ were built five,years ago.,A、all of them,B、either of them,C、all of which,D、both of that,C,12、,He told me the reason _ he,didnt come here.,A、which,B、that,C、why,D、what,C,13、,Which of the two cows _ you,keep produces more milk?,A、which,B、that,C、what,D、as,B,