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,Mastertitelformat bearbeiten,Mastertextformat bearbeiten,Zweite Ebene,Dritte Ebene,Vierte Ebene,Fnfte Ebene,15.06.2005,*,1,40,10,angle of internal friction phi,内摩擦力角度,60,0,cohesion,kPa,粘聚力,C,lay,黏土,S,ilt,淤泥,G,ravel,砾石,working,C,hamber,土仓,soil conditioning and soil mechanics,渣土改良和土体机理,2,EPB projects,in soft ground,软土地层中地质条件决定方案,Lyon(F)96,NFM EPB,=10.98m1.5-3 bar waterFoam+Polymer+Filler,Botlek(NL)99,HK EPB,=9,76m3.6 bar waterFoam+Polymer,Aviles(ESP)99,Lovat EPB,=3.4m2.5 bar seawaterFoam+Polymer,Toulouse(F)2003,HK EPB,=7.72mmainly under water tableFoam+Anti-Clay,Torino(I)2004,Lovat EPB,=7.7m,mainly above,water tableFoam+Polymer,BARCELONA 2003,Herrenknecht EPB,=12.06m2.0 bar water pressurefoam+polymer,+filler suspension,Chengdu(PRC)07,HK EPB,3,actual range of EPB use,使用,EPB,的土质范围,weak ground under groundwater pressure,地下水压下的软弱地层,0.001 0.010 0.100 1 10 100,Ton,Schluff,Sand,Kies,100,90,80,70,60,50,40,30,20,10,0,Particle size,粒径,mm,very coarse,frictioned soil,砾石，高摩擦力土体,use Foam&special Polymers,+fine filler,泡沫,+,特殊聚合物,+,细填料,silty sands,粉沙层,use Foams,用泡沫,coarse,frictioned soil,粗砂，高摩擦力土体,use Foam&Polymers,用泡沫加聚合物,clay adhesion&clogging,粘性土，糊刀盘,use foam and,anti-clay-additives,采用泡沫加分散剂,4,Soil conditioning agents,用来做土壤改良的外加剂,Decrease,clogging,adhesion,transport problems,降低,堵塞、粘性、输送问题等风险,Increase,the,TBM speed,增加,TBM,掘进速度,Allow,filling of the working chamber,提高,土仓充填,Increase,the TBM speed,增加,TBM,掘进速度,Decrease,abrasion,torque,降低,磨损、,扭距,Increase,soil adhesion,impermeability,增加,土壤粘性，抗渗透性,Decrease,liquid soil consistency,降低,湿渣土的稠度,Decrease,settlements,减少,沉降,3.Polymers,聚合物,2.anti-clay-additives,粘土分散剂,Foams,泡沫剂,5,Soil Conditioning I,渣土改良,Foam,泡沫剂,MEYCO,SLF 30universal,bad water,clay,适用各种土质，粘土,MEYCO,SLF 33universal,适用各种土质,MEYCO,SLF 41soil with water,clay,含水土壤，粘土,6,what is foam?,什么是泡沫？,technical detail,技术点,in use,应用,7,Surfactant Types,表面活化剂类型,Ionic Classes,离子,Structures,结构,-,Anionic,阴离子,0,Non-Ionic,无离子,+,Cationic,阳离子,Linear Alkyl,线状烷基,Branched Alkyl,支烷基,Dual hydrophilic Groups,双性亲水团,Amphoteric,两性,8,Tunnel Foam Appearance,泡沫状态,MEYCO Fix SLF Group,系列,9,9,Highest Foam Quality,不同,FER,下的发泡质量,FER=8,FER=10,FER=20,FER=,V,压缩空气,/V,泡沫剂水溶液,10,Why use different foams?,选用不同泡沫剂的原因,air incorporation properties,与空气的混合性能,half life time,稳定时间,anti-clay behaviour,抗粘性能力,ion-sensibility(Ca,Na,.),与离子敏感度,rheological behaviour,流变能力,soil draining behaviour,渣土排干能力,foams have different properties:,不同的泡沫具有不同的特性,labtests have to be carried out prior to site use.,现场使用前须做室内试验以选用合适的型号,11,Soil Conditioning II,渣土改良,anti-clay additives,粘土分散剂,Rheosoil,211standard anti-clay-polymer,标准型聚合物,Rheosoil,212improved version of 211,211,的改进型,Rheosoil,143foaming anti-clay-polymer,发泡型聚合物,12,clogging&adhesion on the cutterhead,刀盘的堵塞与粘附,13,Anti-clay additives,粘土分散剂,use in clay and clayey soils,用于粘土或粘性土体,-adhesion on metal surfaces,粘附于金属表面,-agglomeration(cohesion)of soil chips to big blocks,土块结团,P,roblem,问题,-clogging of the cutterhead,刀头堵塞,-clogging in the working chamber,土仓堵塞,C,onsequence,结果,R,esult,导致,-low TBM speed,掘进速率低,-high maintenance&revision costs,保养、维护成本高,14,Change of soil behaviour,使用粘土分散剂的,with Rheosoil anti-clay additives,效果,15,Madrid MetroLam project belt view,马德里地铁输送带效果,Foam,泡沫,foam+Rheosoil 211,泡沫,Rheosoil 211,16,Soil Conditioning III,渣土改良,Polymers,聚合物,MEYCO,Fix SLF P1medium liquid soils,中度含水土壤,MEYCO,Fix SLF P2water binding,increasing soil adhesion,stabiliser,富含水，增加土壤粘性，增加土壤稳定性,17,Hardrock chips,Bodio TBM,CH,reduced fine content,excess of water,How do polymers work?,聚合物的作用,Polymer SLF P1,Polymer SLF P2,18,Characteristics of MEYCO SLF P1&P2MEYCO SLF P1,和,P2,机理,触变性提高,土体颗粒,聚合物链,聚合物的长链结构：,提高泡沫稳定性,提高土体流变性,增强土体触变性,防止土体离析,提高土体抗渗性,出土顺畅,19,Using polymers here?,聚合物会起作用吗,20,Singapore Metro-Polymer P1,新加坡地铁使用,P1,聚合物,21,Guangzhou Metro Line 3Use of MEYCO SLF P1,中交隧道广州地铁三号线使用,MEYCO SLF P1,地质情况：,在以,7,12,为主的连续地层中掘进，以细砂、中砂、粗砂和砾砂为主，且含水量高,问题：,扭矩升高,土仓压力建立困难,出土不能成形，呈流砂状,解决方法：,MEYCO SLF 30,+10%SLF P1,结果：,扭矩降低,建立稳定的土仓压力,渣土呈现良好的流塑性,排土顺畅,22,SLF30,Guangzhou Metro Line 3Use of MEYCO SLF P1,中交隧道广州地铁三号线使用,MEYCO SLF P1,P1,使用前,使用后,23,Anti-clay additives&foam,使用泡沫剂和粘土分散剂,and their Reaction with Clay,与粘土颗粒之间的作用,
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