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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Grammar Revision 名,词,(Nouns),2021年中考英语专项复习,幻灯片 15,学习目标,1、知道名词的分类,2、掌握可数名词的复数规那么变化和不规那么变化,3、掌握不可数名词数量的表达法,4、了解名词所有格的用法双重所有格和名词复数所有格,5、注意名词作定语的用法,专有名词：,表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等名称的词。第一个字母一般要大写。如Beijing，China、Lucy、the Great Wall、等。,普通名词：,表示一类人或事物、某种物质或抽象概念的名称。如：book、tree等,。,一、名词的分类,普通名词,Countable nouns,(,可数名词,),Uncountable nouns,(,不可数名词,),Individual Nouns,个体名词,Collective Nouns,集体名词 ,Abstract Nouns,抽象名词 ,Material Nouns,物质名词 ,二、可数名词的复数形式,可数名词有单数、复数两种形式。名词复数构成形式分规那么变化和不规那么变化。,一般情况,加,-s,1.清辅音后读,/s/,map-map,s,book-book,s,2.浊辅音和元音后读,/z/,bag-bag,s,car-car,s,名词复数的规那么变化(1),以,s, x,sh, ch,等结尾的词,加,-es,读,/iz/,bus-bus,es,watch-watch,es,但如果以 ch 结尾的名词发音为 k时，只加,s,。,stomach stomach,s,读,/s/,名词复数的规那么变化(2),以元音字母+y,结尾的名词变复数时，直接加,-s,变复数：,读 /z/,monkey-monkey,s,holiday-holiday,s,以,辅音字母+y,结尾的词,变y 为,i,再加,es,ies 读 /iz/party-part,ies,baby-bab,ies,名词复数的规那么变化(3),以,f,或,fe,结尾的名词变复数时,去f、 fe 加,-ves,读 /vz/,如：,half-hal,ves,knife-kni,ves,leaf-lea,ves,wolf-wol,ves,life-li,ves,thief-thie,ves,但也有例外，如 roof-roof,s,chief-chief,s,名词复数的规那么变化(4),a tomato,some tomato,es,some potato,es,some hero,es,名词复数的规那么变化(5),以o结尾的名词，多数加,s,读 /z/。如radio-radio,s,zoo-zoo,s,photo-photo,s,有些在词尾加es.它们是“黑人英雄爱吃土豆西红柿,Negro(黑人-Negroes,a hero,foot -,feet,child -,children,tooth -,teeth,mouse -,mice,名词复数的不规那么变化(1),man - m,e,n,woman - wom,e,n,m,e,n doctor,s,wom,e,n teacher,s,one sheep,two,sheep,a Chinese,two,Chinese,a Japanese,several,Japanese,名词复数的不规那么变化(2):单复数形式相同,deer-,deer,one fish,一条鱼,fish,es,不同种类的鱼各种各样的鱼,three,fish,三条鱼,some fish一些鱼肉,可数名词,不可数名词,三、,不可数名词,不可数名词一般不能用数来计算，没有复数形式。,不可数名词一般包括物质或抽象概念的名词，可归纳如下：,1.表材料：,wood,meat,paper,gold,2.表抽象：,information,knowledge,news,advice,3.表食物：,food,fruit,water,coffee,milk,4.表总称：,furniture,clothing,5.表自然：,air,wind,rain,snow,6.表学科,：,Chinese,Japese,English,math,physics,不可数名词的量的表示法有两种：,1.用much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等表示多少。如:,some milk、a lot of money,2.用数词+量词+of+不可数名词来表示多少。如:,a piece of news,six bags of rice, two cups of tea,四、名词所有格,名词所有格表示名词之间的所有关系。有两种形式：一种是S所有格；另一种是of所有格。,1. s所有格：,原那么上只用于表示有生命的人或物的名词。如：,the teachers book; the horses tail,然而，时间、距离、太阳、地球、月亮、江河、,海洋、船只、国家、城市、团体机构等名词也,可以用s属格。如：todays newspaper;,the citys transportation,1.一般的名词，包括不以s结尾的复数名词，,在词后加s。如：the childrens book,2. 以s结尾的复数名词的所有格形式只在词后加。,如：the teachers office,3.两者或两者以上共有的所有格形式只在后者用,所有格形式，如:Tom and Mikes room,假设表示分别拥有时，那么要在每个名词后用,所有格形式，如:Toms and Mikes rooms,2.of 所有格一般用于无生命的东西。如：,the cover of the book,the door of the room,3.双重所有格有两种形式：,of+,名词所有格,.如： a sweater of Toms,of+,名词性物主代词,.如： a friend of mine,五、名词作定语,1.一般情况下，名词作定语修饰主体名词时，常用单数形式。如：an apple tree, country music,2.某些名词修饰主体名词时用复数。如：sports meeting，parents meeting,直击中考：看看这节课的内容你掌握的怎样。,1.2021河南I like_ a lot ,and my mother usually cooks it in different ways.,A. fish B. butter C. potatoes D.noodles,2.(2021重庆How far is your cousins home from here?,-Its about two _drive.,A.hours B. hours C. hours D.hour,3.(2021广州The letter from my uncle was short. There wasnt_ news.,A.many B. a few,C.much D.few,4.(2021湖北孝感All the _teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th ,because it was their own holiday.,A. man B. men,C. woman D.women,5.(2021广东Could you take_for these_? They are very beautiful.,any photos; tomatoes B. some photos;tomatoes,C. some photos; tomatos D. any photos; tomatos,Thank you for your listening!Bye-bye!,
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