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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,写出以下动词的过去式和过去分词,do,go,see,give,choose,draw,eat,take,speak,write,show,did,done,went,gone,saw,seen,gave given,chose chosen,drew drawn,ate,eaten,took taken,spoke spoken,wrote written,showed shown,被动语态,中考英语专项复习,复,习目标,1.,掌握如何将主动语态变成,被动语态,2.,掌握被动语态,各个时态,的,用法,什么时候要用被动语态呢？,在以下三种情况之一要用被动语态：,不知道动作的执行者是谁，用被动语态。,没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，用被动语态。,需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态,主动语态和被动语态构造的转换：,We clean,our classroom,every day.,主动语态,Our classroom,is cleaned,主语,谓语,宾语,by us,every day.,构造：主动语态：主语谓语宾语,被动语态：,主语,be +过去分词,by+宾语,即: “主变宾，宾变主，谓语动词变被动。,(注:主变宾即主语变为介词by宾语),被动语态,主语,谓语,宾语,【考点一】各种时态的被动语态构造:,1.,They,make,shoes,in that factory.,Shoes,are made,(by them) in that factory.,1.,一般现在时的被动语态：,变为被动语态一,S(主语+am/is /are +过去分词,步骤一：Exercises针对练习，变被动语态,They play football on Sunday.,Lucy does the homework in the evening.,They often use computers in class.,We make these machines in Beijing.,Football,is played by,them on Sunday.,The homework,is done by,Lucy in the evening.,Computers,are often used by,them in class.,These machines,are made by us,in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,谓,(,动介,),宾语,The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday,.,变为被动语态二,主动语态：,被动语态：,2.,一般过去式的被动语态：,S+was/were+,过去分词,步骤二：Exercises针对练习，变被动语态,1They built the tall building last year.,2)He took good care of his little brother yesterday.,3)We cleaned our classroom just now.,4)They used this room for resting.,The tall building,was built,by,them last year.,His little brother,was taken good care of,by,him yesterday.,Our classroom,was cleaned,by,us just now.,This room,was used for,resting,by,them.,注：动词短语作谓语，变被动语态时，不能省掉短语中的介词或副词,Tom will clean the room tomorrow,.,主,谓,宾,(,承受者,),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,变为被动语态三,3.,一般将来时被动语态：,S+will+be+,过去分词,S+be going to+be+,过去分词,We will h,o,ld a sports meeting next week.,Children will take some photos in the,schoolyard tomorrow.,The headmaster is going to give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting,will be held by,us next week.,Some photos,will be taken by,children in the school tomorrow.,A talk,is going to be given by,the headmaster this afternoon.,步骤三：Exercises针对练习，变被动语态,We,have made,twenty more keys,Twenty more keys,have been made,by us,.,变为被动语态四,11.,现在完成时的被动语态：,S+,have/has + been+,过去分词,1. The boy has returned the book in time,步骤三：Exercises针对练习，变被动语态,2.Workers have built the house since two years ago,3.We have received many letters since last week,.,The book has been returned by the boy in time,.,The house has been built by workers since two years ago,Many letters have been received by us since last week.,Tony,can take good care of,Daming,Daming,can be taken good care of,byTony.,9.,情态动词的被动语态：,S+,can/may/must/should + be+,过去分词,变为被动语态五,1.He can take care of the baby.,2.Lucy may draw the pictures.,3.You must turn off the lights.,4.They should learn English well.,The baby,can be taken,care of by him.,The picture,may be drawn,by Lucy.,The lights,must be turned off,by you.,English,should be learned,well by them.,步骤三：Exercises针对练习，变被动语态,一般现在时,:,一般过去时,:,一般将来时,:,现在完成时,:,含有情态动词,:,以下时态的被动语态构造:,S(主语+am/is /are +过去分词,S+was/were+,过去分词,S+will+be+,过去分词,S+be going to+be+,过去分词,S+,have/has + been+,过去分词,S+,can/may/must/should + be+,过去分词,1. The old man is ill. He must _to the,hospital. Call 120 at once. (send ),2. The book _by Lu Xun in 1920. ( write),3. All the machines _out yesterday. (sell),4. The hospital _next year. (build),5. This kind of book cant _out of the,library. (take),6. He _to play computer games,last night. (allow),7. The boy _often_ not to go to the net bar. (tell),8. He _ to the party last Sunday, but,he didnt go there. (ask),be sent,was written,were sold,will be built,be taken,was allowed,is told,was asked,你会填空吗？,中考挑战,历届中考试题小试身手,1 What a nice garden! -It _ every day.,A is cleaning B has cleaned,C must clean D is cleaned,2The computers _ to the village,school as presents last month.,A are given B given,C were given D gave,3 It is reported that the Underground Line,No. 3 _ in Nanjing in 2021 .,A will build B has built,C will be built D has been built,4 .The letter is _ in French. I cant read it.,A writing B written C wrote D writes,5.When _this kind of computer_,-Last year.,A did, use B was, used,C is, used D are, used,6.Thousands of trees over the mountains _,by the farmers last year.,A planted B was planted,C were planted D will plant,7.The medicine_ in a dry and cool place,A keep B must keep,C must be kept D must be keep,8.This dictionary mustnt_ from the library,A take away B taken away,C are taken away D be taken away,9.No one knows how the huge rocks_ and _,without our modern machines eight hundred years,ago,A are cut,；,moved B were cut,；,move,C are cut,；,moving D were cut,；,moved,10. Look at the sign on the right.,Oh, parking _here.,A doesnt allow B isnt allowed,C didnt allow D wasnt allowed,11. Did you go to Sams weekend party,No, I _.,A am not invited B wasnt invited,C havent invited D didnt invited,12. The telephone_by Alexander Graham Bell in,1876.,A was invented B has been invented,C is invented D will be invented,13. Last year, Li Hua ,a college student, _ to work,for the Olympic Games.,A is choosing B is chosen,C was choosing D was chosen,14.When you leave the room, make sure,the door _.,A was locked B is locked,C will be locked D should be locked,15.I want to be a Chinese teacher when,I grow up. Thats great. Chinese teachers,_ in China and some foreign countries.,A need B are needing,C are needed D will need,16. English _ in many countries, but Chinese_,their own language.,A is spoken, speaks B speaks, is spoken,C is spoken, is spoken D is spoken, speak,17.The skirt looks different from others and it is nice.,Thanks. It _ by my mother last month.,A made B is made C has been made D was made,18.The children _ to swim last month and they can,swim very well now.,A are taught B were taught,C have taught D taught,19.What should we do first if we want to develop,our village -A lot of new roads _, I think.,A have to build B must build,C have built D must be built,20.James is my friend. He _Jim for short.,A calls B is called C called D is calling,21.Twenty students in this University _ to Australia to study last year, and more students are expecting to have the chance next year.,A are sent B were sent C will send D. send,考点二主动语态变为被动语态的特殊情况:,一、 使役动词和感官动词在主动构造中，后面接不带to的不定式，但如果改成被动句，那么需把省略的to加上，这类动词有：hear, see, watch, make, help, let等。,1) I heard him sing last night.,He was heard to sing last night.,2) We saw him walk into the building.,He was seen to walk into the building.,3) The boss made them work 10 hours a day.,They were made to work 10 hours a day.,make sb. do,see sb. do,hear sb. do,let sb. do,watch sb. do,be made,to,do,be seen,to,do,sb.be heard,to,do,be let,to,do,be watched,to,do,主动,被动,考点三含双宾语的主动语态变为被动语态,1) Someone gave the boy an apple.,(间接宾语) (直接宾语),An apple(物) was given_ the boy.,The boy人 was given an apple.,2) His father bought him a present.,A present 物was bought _him.,He人 was bought a present.,to,for,give sb. sth.,pass sb. sth.,sell sb. sth.,make sb. sth.,buy sb. sth.,be given,to,sb.,be passed,to,sb.,be sold,to,sb.,Sth be made,for,sb.,be bought,for,sb.,主动,被动,【,考点四,】,look for,look after,take care of,hand in,laugh at,speak to,be looked for,be looked after,be taken care of,be handed in,be laughed at,be spoken to,不要漏掉介词,.,Lily,took care of,the baby.,The baby was taken,care of,by Lily.,主动,被动,小结：动词短语在转换成被动语态时，,不能丢掉其中的,_,。,介词或副词,
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