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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,L O G O,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,定语从句,(,Attributive clause,),The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,whose trousers are red,who is wearing red trousers,Which baby is Jack,Jack,穿红裤子的,baby,是,Jack,。,Which house is mine,房顶是棕色的,房子是我的。,The house is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house,I like,books.,The books,are about,animals,.,I like,books,are about,animals,.,that,I like,movies,The movies,are about,a,lien,s,.,I like,movies,are about,a,lien,s,.,that,I have,a mobile phone.,The mobile phone,can play music.,I have,a mobile phone,that,can play music.,I like going to,the park.,The park,is near my house.,I like going to,the park,that,is near,my house.,Summary,I have books,that,are about,animals,.,I want to go to the park,that,is near my house.,The Attributive Clause定语从句：,books,the park,我有关于动物的故事书。,are,is,我想要去离我家近的公园。,Things,that,什么是定语从句呢？,答案：修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,构造： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子,先行词,关系词,定语从句,The girl who is in red is my sister.,Mary is a girl,who,has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,关系代词,关系副词,which, who, whom, whose, that,where, when,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Join the following sentences:,A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,the machine,a machine,Do activity 2,Join,the following sentences:,A plane is a machine. The machine can fly.,A plane is can fly.,a machine,that /which,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The,girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,we saw yesterday is Mary.,her,The girl,The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday.,The girl,that / who,we saw yesterday is Mary.,1. The man is a farmer.,2. The man is speaking at the meeting.,合并句子,:,The man,who,is speaking at the meeting,is a farmer.,Mary is a girl.,Mary has long hair.,合并为一个句子,Mary is a girl,who has long hair.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Mary is a girl,who,has long hair.,that, which, who, whom, whose,where, when,，,why,2. 构造： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子,3.,先行词,：,被定语从句修饰的词叫,先行词,。通常位于定,语从句之,前,。,4.,关系词,：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。,关系代词,关系副词,作用,A,、引导定语从句；,B,、代替先行词；,C,、在定语从句中担当一个成分,关系词通常有以下三个作用：,A、_； B、_；,C、_。,Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfather,isapoliceman.,定语从句,先行词,关系词,“who是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词theman，在定语从句中作主语。,引导定语从句,代替先行词,在定语从句中担当一个成分,三、关系代词引导的定语从句,1. who,指人，在从句中做主语,1)The boys _are playing soccer are from Class 1.,2)Yesterday I helped an old man _lost his way.,2. whom,指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，在口语和,非正式语体中常用,who,代替，常可省略。,Mr. Liu is the person _you,talked about.,2) The man _you met just now,is my friend.,(whom/who),who/whom,who,who,3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，,做宾语时可省略,Football is a game which is liked by most boys.,2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.,4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；,指物时，相当于which。,在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。,1) The people _come to visit the city are,all here. (做主语),2) Where is the man _I saw,this morning (做宾语),做主语,做宾语,that/who,that/whom/who,小结：,that:既可指人,也可指物. 作主语, 不能省略；,作宾语, 可以省略。,which:指物,作主语,不能省略;作宾语,可以省略.,who 指人，作主语，不能省略；,作宾语，可以省略,常用whom,注,:,当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句,的谓语动词形式由先行词定,.,1)Im reading a book that/which _about Bill Gates.,2) He is a teacher who/ that_ us Chinese.,3)The boys who _playing soccer are from Class 1.,5. whose,通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语,(1) He has a friend _father is a doctor.,(2) I once lived in a house_ roof has fallen in.,我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。,is,teaches,are,whose,whose,四,.,修饰物体时关系代词,that,和,which,的区分,(,一,),不用,that,的情况,1.,在引导,非限定性,定语从句时。,1)The tree, that is four hundred years old,is very famous here.,(_),2)The tree, which is four hundred years old,is very famous here.,(_),2.,介词后,不能用,。,1) We depend on the land from _we get,our food.,2) We depend on the land _we get,our food from.,错,对,which,that/which,(二) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况,1.领先行词是everything,anything,nothing,(something外),all,none,few,little,some 等不定,代词时，或领先行词受every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代词修饰时。如：1)Haveyoutakendowneverything_Mr.Lisaid,李教师讲的你都记下来吗？2) All_canbedonehasbeendone.,所有能做的都做好了。3) Thereislittle_Icandoforyou.,我不能为你干什么。,that,that,that,注意：领先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代who，如：1) Anyman_hasasenseofdutywont,do suchathing.,任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。2)Alltheguests_wereinvitedtoher,weddingwereimportantpeople.,所有应邀来参加她婚礼的客人都是重要人物。,that/who,that/who,2领先行词被序数词修饰时。如：Thefirstplace_theyvisitedinLondonwas,theBigBen.,在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。,3领先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：Thisisthebestfilm_Ihaveeverseen.,这是我看过的最好的电影。,that,that,4领先行词被thevery,theonly , the last修饰时。1)Thisistheverydictionary_Iwanttobuy.,这正是我要买的词典。2)Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonly,thing_heowns.家里发生了火灾过后，那辆旧车成了他的唯一拥有。,注意：领先行词指人时，偶尔也可用关系代词who。WangHuaistheonlypersoninourschool_willattendthemeeting.王华是我校唯一出席会议的人。,that,that,who,5领先行词前面有who,which等疑问代词时。如：1)Whoistheman_isstandingbythegate,站在门口的那个人是谁？2)WhichistheT-shirt_fitsmemost,哪件T恤衫最合我的身？,6领先行词为人与物时。如： 1)Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthings,_theyrememberedatschool,他们谈论着他们所能记起的在校时的人和事。2)Lookatthemanandhisdonkey_are,walkingupthestreet.,瞧瞧那个沿街走来的人和他的毛驴。,that,that,that,that,Exercise,1. I have a friend _ likes listening to classical music.,who/that,3. The man _ leg broke in a,match used to be a football player.,2. Yesterday Emily was wearing the,new dress _ I gave her.,which/that,whose,4. My parents live in a house_,is more than 100 years old.,5. The boy with _ John spoke is,my brother.,which/that,whom,6. Kevin is reading a book _,is too difficult for him.,which/that,7. Is there anything _ you want,to buy in the town.,8.All _ we can do is to study hard.,9. The first one _ stands up is a,little boy.,that,that,that,句子翻译,1.,这就是救了那个孩子命的医生,.,This is the doctor who saved the boys life.,2.,正在跑步的那个人是我的叔叔,.,The man who is running is my uncle.,3.,我喜欢可以随之而唱的音乐,.,I like the music that I can sing along with.,4.,住在隔壁的那个女的是一名教师,.,The woman who lives next door is a teacher.,Exercise 1 :,用关系代词填空,The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.,The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.,I hate people _ talk much but do little.,The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.,who / that,which/ that,who / that,which / that,5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.,6. Is there a student _ father is a business man,7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.,8.Ive never heard of the people and things _ you talked about just now.,whose,whose,which,that,领先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that.,Exercise 2.,My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.,Say all _ you know.,Is there anything _ I can do for you,that,that,that,领先行词是something, anything, nothing, all 等词时，关系代词只能用that.,4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.,5. This is the best novel _ I have read.,that,that,领先行词被序数词，最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that.,6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree,7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.,当主句是,who,或,which,引导的特殊疑问句时,，或中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用,that.,that,that,where,指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来,表示地点的定语从句,。,1) Shanghai is the city _I was born.,= Shanghai is the city _was born in.,2) The house _I lived ten years ago has been,pulled down.,The house_ I lived in ten years ago,has been pulled down.,五、关系副词引导定语从句,关系副词：,where, when, why,在句中作状语。,where,which,where,which,2. when,引导定语从句表示时间,在定语从句中做时间状语,也可做连接词用,.,I still remember the day _I first came to the,school.,2) The time _we got together finally came.,3. why,指原因 在定语从句中做原因状语,(1) Please tell me the reason _you missed the plane.,(2) I dont know the reason _he looks unhappy today.,when,when,why,why,六. 关系副词when, where和,关系代词that, which的区分,同样是修饰一个地点，有时使用where，有时使用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时使用when， 有时使用that/which。,这主要看两点：,一是定语从句是否完整；,二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词。请比较以下句子：,1)This is the park_ we visited last year.,2)This is the park _we held a birthday party.,3)She wont forget the days _she spent on the,island.,4)She wont forget the days_ they stayed,together.,5)Thats the date _we went to the college.,6)Thats the date _she wont forget for ever.,7)I like the time _we lived together.,8)I like the time _we had together.,that,where,that,when,when,that,when,that,介词,+,关系代词的情况,1,The man whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,to,in,Are these two sentences right,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,Are these two sentences right,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,Are these two sentences right,to,in,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,Are these two sentences right,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,The man who/whom you spoke was a lawyer.,The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,可见,who,、,that,不能用与介词之后,介词,+,关系代词的情况,2,Are these two sentences right,1. Do you like the book she spent $10,2. Do you like the book she paid $10,3. Do you like the book she learned a lot,4. Do you like the book she often talks,5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.,6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher.,7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _,is the Yellow River.,8. The tower _ people can have a good view,is on the hill.,9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night,is very good at wrestling.,10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows,most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词,+,关系代词的情况练习,2. 关系副词when, where, why 和“介词+which,之间的关系。,关系副词when, where, why可以用“适当的介词+which来替代。,如：when=in/on/at+which,where=in/on/at+which,why=for+which,介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。,(1) The reason _he refused the invitation is not clear,(2) From the year _he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up.,(3)This is the room _I lived. = This is the room _I lived in.,(4)Tom still remembers the days _,they lived in Tianjin.,Why( ),when ( ),where ( ),in which,in which,for which,which,when (,),in which,注意：,1介词后面的关系代词不能省略。,2that前不能有介词。,3某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的介词+关系词构造可以同关系副when ,where和why 互换。,1) This is the house _I lived two years ago. =This is the house where I lived two years ago.,2) Do you remember the day you joined,our club,=Do you remember the day when you joined our,club,3) This is the reason why he came late.,=This is the reason _he came late.,in which,on which,for which,Exercise,1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded.,which B. when C. that D. on that,2.Is that the reason _ you are for the plan.,A. which B. what C. why D. for that,3. Is this the place _ you were born,A. which B.where C.what D.that,1. Is this the place _ you were born,A. which B.where C.what D.that,2. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year,A. which B.where C.what D. why,3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now.,A. which B.where C.what D.that,4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now,.,A. that B.where C.what D. why,5.He told her,the reason,_ he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe,the reason,_ he gives her.,A. why; why,B. why; which,C. that; why,D. which; why,一.Fill in the blanks with suitable relative,pronouns and adverbs.,1. This is the only book _ I got last year.,2. Is this the book in _ you are interested,3. This is the largest animal _ Tom saw in the zoo.,4. Rose still remembers the trees and teachers_ exist (存在)in the mother school.,5. All the desks _ are bought look really,wonderful.,that,which,that,that,that,6. Do you have any money _is used to build the,factory,7. Tom has a toy, _ was given by his father.,8. This is the second watch _ my father bought,for me.,9. Is this the room _ you cleaned last time,10. Is this the room _ we lived before,11. This is the garden _ they stayed for a night.,that,which,that,that,which,where,where,12. This is the garden _ they visited last time.,13. Tom has forgotten the day _ he left his home.,14. Tom has forgotten the day _ I told him last day.,15. She still remembers the year _ she found her first job.,16. She still remembers the year _ she spent in Jining.,that,that,when,that,when,Fill in the blanks with the suitable relative pronouns or the relative adverbs.,1. Is this the room _ we spent our childhood,2. This dictionary is the second one _ I bought in the shop.,3. I still remember the date _ I went to Nanjing for the first time.,4. Tom is thinking about the grass and the persons _ he saw in the yard.,5. There are 100 old men in the street, some of,_ are drinking tea.,where,that,that,when,whom,6. Do you know the days _ you spent on English,7. All the books _are on the shelf belong to Mary.,8. Are you satisfied with the park _ you visited last time,9. _ we all know, the building will soon be destroyed.,10. I have the same book _ she has.,that,that,that,Which,that,1. My brother likes jackets.,These jackets are unusual.,2. The man is a music teacher.,He can write his own lyrics.,The man,who,can write his own lyrics is a music teacher.,My brother likes jackets,that,are unusual.,把以下各题中的两句话合并为含有定语,从句的复合句。,3. Mark is a history teacher.,He is good at playing ping-pong.,4. My grandfather doesnt like these songs.,These songs are too long.,5. That woman is my aunt.,The woman is looking for her key.,Mark,who,is good at playing ping-pong is a history teacher.,My grandfather doesnt like songs,that,are too long.,That woman,who,is looking for her key is my aunt.,Match the two sentences,1.Im reading a book. The book is about Bill Gates.,_,2.He is a teacher. The teacher teaches us Chinese.,_,3.I dont like the man. He is smoking.,_,4.Where is the picture You
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