高二(下)选修七 Unit 3 Learning about Language

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 3 Under,the,sea,Learning about Language,选修七,Some of the words in this unit can,be used as both verbs and nouns.,Look at these definitions and find the,words in the text. Then write down,how they have been used.,Word,Definitions,How used in the text,1. to jump into the water head first,2. a graceful jump into the water head first,1. to see something happen,2. someone who sees a crime or an accident,dive,1,witness,1,Word,Definitions,How used in the text,1. a short time when someone stops speaking,2. to stop doing something for a short time,1. a strong wish,2. to strongly suggest someone do something,1. something that slows you down,2. to pull something along behind you,pause,2,urge,2,drag,2,2 Read these sentences. Then replace,the words in italics with words that,mean the same from the unit.,1. Some,personal stories,about Mark,Twain are very amusing.,2.,Working,together,is necessary to,produce good results.,anecdotes,teamwork,3. More and more people are concerned with,the,protection,of different whale species.,4. Sit,facing,the street and watch the,parade go by.,5. When you hit an iceberg,leave,the,ship immediately.,conservation,opposite,abandon,depth, dive, yell, annual, shark,accommodation, witness, relationship,flee, shore,3 Use these words in their proper forms to complete the passage below.,When I was young, my parents liked jogging on,the beach. So we used to visit the seaside on our,_ holiday. We always stayed in,_ close to the _ because my,parents had a good _ with the owner,of the hotel. We also went,snorkelling,each time,and would _ under the waves to see the,colourful,fish. As I grew older I was allowed to,go to greater _ and further out beyond,the bay.,annual,accommodation,shore,relationship,dive,depths,There I saw small _ as they swam lazily,around the sea bottom. One day I _,how they would pursue their prey swiftly, and,the small fish had no time to _ away. I,wanted to _ and warn the poor fish but,that was impossible underwater. Thank God,it was; otherwise, I might have been,swallowed instead!,sharks,yell,witnessed,flee,Revising useful structures,Answer key for exercise 1 on page 23,I heard a loud noise,coming,from the bay.,We ran down to the shore in time to see an enormous animal opposite us,throwing,itself out of the water and then,crashing,down again.,I had already heard that George didnt like,being kept waiting,without pausing,we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.,5. I looked down into the water and could see Old Tom,swimming,by the boat,showing,us the way.,6. So George started beating the water with his oar and there was Tom,circling,back to the boat ,leading,us to the hunt again.,7.,Using,a telescope we could see that something was happening.,8. I could see a whale,being attacked,by a pack of about six other killers.,9. the killers over there are,throwing,themselves on top of the whales blow hole to stop it breathing.,10.And those others are,stopping,it diving or fleeing out to sea.,Answer key for exercise 2 on page 23,being attacked,Being held up,Being included,Having been accepted,being told,Being helped out,being taken,being photographed,being swallowed,Answer key for exercise 3 on page 23:,Fishing,nets in the sea have become a serious problem. They may be many,kilometres,long with plastic balls to keep them,floating,on the water, and weights to hold them down on the seabed. Unfortunately, the plastic nets are impossible to see underwater.,So the term to describe them is “a wall of death”. Their advantage is that they catch fish efficiently. However, they also cause danger to sea animals. First, not only target fish are caught in the net, but many other sea animals are found,hanging,there.,Those not needed for,marketing,are thrown away. Second, nets are in danger of,being cut loose,by fishermen. If a net become,free-floating, it is moved by the tides all over the ocean. It behaves as a hidden danger,killing,all that are trapped in it. So many animals,being caught,in driftnets make many think that it is necessary to have a worldwide ban on all driftnet fishing.,Grammar,The Passive,ing,-form,(V-,ing,形式的被动式,),V-,ing,形式的各种时态和语态,:,时态,一般式,完成式,主动语态,被动语态,doing,having done,being,done,having,been,done,1.,动名词的被动式,：,动名词的被动式有两种,:,being +,过去分词；,having been +,过去分词。,例如：,a),每个人都喜欢得到赞美。,Everybody likes,_.,b),我记得曾经听过这故事。,I,remember _ the story,.,2),在,need/want/require(,需要,),和,be worth,(,值得,),等词后面,动名词的主动形式表示被动,意义。,例如：,a),这件事需要调查。,The matter requires _.,= The matter requires to be looked into,.,being,praised,having,been,told,looking,into,b),这本书值得一读。,The book _.,= The book is worthy of being read,.,2.,现在分词的被动式,现在分词的被动式也有两种,: being +,过去分词,(,强调事情正在发生,),；,having + been +,过去分词,(,强调事情已经,发生,不作定语,),。,例如：,a),她正接受提问,感到有点儿紧张。,_,to answer the question, she,felt a little nervous.,is,worth reading,Being,asked,b),这么好的机会给了你,你怎么能一点也不珍惜,呢？,_,such a good chance, how,could you not value it at all,?,2),作定语时, “being +,过去分词”表示正在,进行的动作,; done,表示一般过去或已经完成,的动作,; to be done,表示将要发生的动作,如：,a),正在建造的房屋,完工后将用作我们的图书馆,。,The house _ will be our library,upon its completion,.,Having,been,given,being,built,b),所使用的教材都是时新的。,The textbooks _ are all up-to-date,.,c),你打算参加下月召开的会议吗？,Are you going to attend the meeting,_ next month,?,used,to be,held,I am thinking of,getting,a new dictionary.,I approved of his,taking,part in the project.,I enjoy,listening,to classical music.,(,一般情况,),(,以后、将来,),(,现在、将来,),V-,ing,表示的动作与谓语动词的动作同时或在其后,发生,或表示一般情况,.,being done,表示的被动动作,正在进行,或与谓语动词,的动作,同时,(,有时之后,),发生,或表示,一般情况,。,现在修建的发电站将是埃及最大的发电站,之一,。,The power station,being built,now will be one of the largest in Egypt.,她坚持被派给最苦,的工作,.,She insisted on,being given,the hardest task.,They regret not,having been,able to inform you,of the fact.,(,之前,),Having done,表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动,作,之前,。,Having been done,表示的被动动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作,之前,。,被,邀请后,李先生去参加了会议,。,Having been invited,Mr,Li went to attend the,meeting.,I appreciate having been given the chance to,study abroad two years ago.,V-,ing,的,被动式在句中可以作,:,主语,Being laughed,at in public is a terrible experience.,被鲨鱼咬死是一件很普通的事情,。,Being killed,by sharks was a common thing.,我很,感激两年前被给予了去国外学习的机会。,_ to sunlight for too much time will do,harm to ones skin.,A. Exposed B. Having exposed,C. Being exposed D. After being exposed,2),宾语,I could see he was terrified of,being abandoned,by us.,C,你还记得十岁时被带去北京吗,?,Do you remember,having been taken,to Beijing,at the age of ten?,The little girl was eventually aware that her,parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.,The little girl was eventually aware of,being,abandoned,by her parents in the mountainous,village.,若不被邀请，他是不会来的。 (,without),He wouldnt come without being invited.,下面短语中的,to,是介词,后面只能跟名词或,V-,ing,：,devote to (,投入,), get down to,(,着手干,),，,lead to (,通向,导致,), object to (,反对,), pay,attention to (,注意,), look forward to (,盼望,), be,used to (,习惯于,),，,stick to (,坚持,), preferto,等。,No one can prevent the plan _.,A. from carrying out B. to be carried out,C. being carried out D. to carry out,The bird was lucky that it just missed _.,A. catching B. being caught,C. to be caught D. to catch,C,B,admit (,承认,), appreciate, avoid, can,t help (,禁不住,),，,stand(,忍受,), consider (,考虑,打算,), enjoy, escape,(,躲避,), excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on,mind, miss (,错过,),practise, put off, risk, set,about, suggest (,建议,),等后接,v-ing,。,He has always insisted on his _ Dr. Tuner,instead of Mr. Turner.,A. been called B. being called,C. having called D. called,B,While shopping, people sometimes cant help _,into buying something they dont really need.,A. to persuade B. persuading,C. being persuaded D. be persuaded,3,),宾语补足语,I saw James,being held,up in the water by old Tom.,The well was found _ when we got there.,A. digging B. to be dug,C. to dig D. being dug,C,D,I noticed that some people,were taken,to the,police station.,I noticed some people,being taken,to the,police station.,4,),定语,The meeting,being held,now is very important.,但,having been done,不能作,定语。,正在被建在公园旁边的宾馆是由一群年轻人建的,。,The hotel,being built,now beside the park was,designed by a group of young men.,Having been told,many times, he still made the,same mistake.,5,),状语,Being badly wounded,the whale soon died.,Most of the artists _ to the party were from,South Africa.,A. invited B. to invite,C. being invited D. had been invited,A,The secretary worked late into the night,_ a long speech for the president.,A. being prepared B. preparing,C. having been prepared D. prepared,2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may,now be too late to clean up the river.,A. Having been suffered B. Bing suffered,C. To suffer D. Suffered,B,A,Exercises,3. She is shy. She is not used to _ in front,of others.,A. praise B. praising,C. being praised D. be praised,4. _ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while,you are hurrying to the airport is quite an,unpleasant experience.,A. Having caught B. Being caught,C. aught D. Having been caught,C,B,5.The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area.,A. caused B. to have caused,C. to cause D. having caused,6. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when,_ at the meeting by my boss.,A. questioning B. having questioned,C. questioned D. to be questioned,D,C,7. With the development of science, more new,technology _ to the field of IT.,A. has introduced B. is being introduced,C. is introduced D. was introduced,8.Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party.,A. having not been invited,B. not having invited,C. having not invited,D. not having been invited,B,D,9. _ the meeting himself gave them a,great deal of encouragement.,A. The president will attend,B. The president to attend,C. The president attended,D. The presidents attending,D,10. Do you mind _ alone at home?,A. Jane leaving,B. Jane having left,C. Janes being left,D. Jane to be left,C,11. - What made Bill so angry?,- _. His girl friend promised to,come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet.,A. Having kept waiting,B. Being kept waiting,C. To be kept waiting,D. Being kept waited,B,12. _ the whole story, Jane,decided not to see the film.,A. Having been told,B. Having told C. Been told,D. Telling,A,13. The building _ in our school is for,us teachers. Though theres noise most,of the day, we still feel happy about it.,A. built,B. having been built,C. to be built,D. being built,D,14. _ many times, the boy still didnt,know how to do the exercises.,A. Having taught,B. Having been taught,C. taught,D. Teaching,B,Summarize the rules of the,Passive,ing,-form.,2. Finish the exercises on Page 23.,Homework,Thank You!,