网络部分教案IOS

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,网络部分教案4-IOS,网络部分教案4-IOS网络部分教案4-IOS路由器的组件路由器组件,RAM,NVRAM 存放 startup-config,ROM 存放 Bootstarp POST 微型IOS,Flash 存放IOS,路由器的组件,路由器组件,RAM,NVRAM,存放,startup-config,ROM,存放,Bootstarp POST,微型,IOS,Flash,存放,IOS,路由器分类,模块化路由器,固定模块路由器,Cisco IOS software delivers network services and enables networked applications.,Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,网络设备配置,配制包括,:,网络策略,协议地址和参数设置,管理选项,如果在,NVRAM,中没有配制文件，,Cisco,路由器将会提供初始化配制。,Cisco,设备启动过程,发现和检查硬件,发现和加载,Cisco IOS,映像,发现和应用设备配置,可以有多个配制方法,配制将在内存中生效,Console port,Auxiliary port,Interfaces,PC or Unix server,Web or Network,Management,server,Virtual terminal,配制方法,Telnet,TFTP,使用命令行接口,可以在不同的网络设备配置,可以在控制台输入和粘贴,用户模式和特权模式,Cisco,IOS,Cisco IOS,用户接口,配制超级终端,Console Port,CommunicationsPort (COM),Cisco device,Windows 95 PC withHyperTerminal terminal emulation software,创建超级终端连接,Step 1: Verify cabling,Step 2: Power on PC,Step 3: Open HyperTerminal Folder,Step 4: Open HyperTerminal,Step 5: Describe Connection,Step 3 and 4,Step 5,创建超级终端（续）,Step 6: Select COM port to be used,Step 7: Select properties,创建超级终端（续）,Connect,Disconnect,Step 8: Access Device,路由器初始化路由器软件,路由器如果有问题将重新启动,Check hardware,Find and load Cisco IOS,software image,Find and apply router,configuration information,Load Bootstrap,在启动路由器前，检查电源，电缆和控制线连接,打开开关,观察启动顺序,Cisco IOS,软件在控制台输出文本信息,路由器初始启动,没有配制文件的路由器,- System Configuration Dialog -,Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no:,yes,At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.Default settings are in square brackets .,Setup mode,wg_ro_c con0 is now available,Press RETURN to get started.,User-mode,prompt,wg_ro_c,路由器启动时输出,Console,Setup:,初始化配制,Router#,setup,- System Configuration Dialog -,Continue with configuration dialog? yes/no: y,At any point you may enter a question mark ? for help.,Use ctrl-c to abort configuration dialog at any prompt.,Default settings are in square brackets .,Basic management setup configures only enough connectivity,for management of the system, extended setup will ask you,to configure each interface on the system,Would you like to enter basic management setup? yes/no: n,配制接口,First, would you like to see the current interface summary? yes:,Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol,BRI0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down,BRI0:1 unassigned YES unset administratively down down,BRI0:2 unassigned YES unset administratively down down,Ethernet0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down,Serial0 unassigned YES unset administratively down down,启动时发现的接口,设置全局参数,Initial global parameters,Configuring global parameters:,Enter host name Router:,wg_ro_c,The enable secret is a password used to protect access to,privileged EXEC and configuration modes. This password, after,entered, becomes encrypted in the configuration.,Enter enable secret:,cisco,The enable password is used when you do not specify an,enable secret password, with some older software versions, and,some boot images.,Enter enable password:,sanfran,The virtual terminal password is used to protect,access to the router over a network interface.,Enter virtual terminal password:,sanjose,Configure SNMP Network Management? no:,设置全局参数（续）,初始化协议配制,Configure LAT? yes: n,Configure AppleTalk? no:,Configure DECnet? no:,Configure IP? yes:,Configure IGRP routing? yes: n,Configure RIP routing? no:,Configure CLNS? no:,Configure IPX? no:,Configure Vines? no:,Configure XNS? no:,Configure Apollo? no:,设置接口参数,BRI interface needs isdn switch-type to be configured,Valid switch types are :,0 none.Only if you dont want to configure BRI.,1 basic-1tr6.1TR6 switch type for Germany,2 basic-5ess.AT&T 5ESS switch type for the US/Canada,3 basic-dms100.Northern DMS-100 switch type for US/Canada,4 basic-net3.NET3 switch type for UK and Europe,5 basic-ni.National ISDN switch type,6 basic-ts013.TS013 switch type for Australia,7 ntt.NTT switch type for Japan,8 vn3.VN3 and VN4 switch types for France,Choose ISDN BRI Switch Type 2:,Configuring interface parameters:,Do you want to configure BRI0 (BRI d-channel) interface? no:,Do you want to configure Ethernet0 interface? no:,y,Configure IP on this interface? no:,y,IP address for this interface:,Subnet mask for this interface 255.0.0.0 :,Class A network is 10.0.0.0, 24 subnet bits; mask is /24,Do you want to configure Serial0 interface? no:,路由器上下文帮助,Router#,clok,Translating CLOK,% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#,cl?,clear clock,Router#,clock,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock ?,set Set the time and date,Router#,clock set,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock set,?,hh:mm:ss Current Time,Symbolic translation,Command prompting,Last command recall,路由器的上下文感应帮助,Router# clok,Translating CLOK,% Unknown command or computer name, or unable to find computer address,Router#,clear clock,Router#,% Incomplete command.,Router#,set Set the time and date,Router#,% Incomplete command.,Router#,hh:mm:ss Current Time,Router#,clock set 19:56:00,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 ?, Day of the month,MONTH Month of the year,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 8,% Invalid input detected at the marker,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 August,% Incomplete command.,Router#,clock set 19:56:00 04 August ?, Year,Command prompting,Syntax checking,Command prompting,察看操作系统版本,wg_ro_a#,show version,Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software,IOS (tm) 2500 Software (C2500-JS-L), Version 12.0(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1),Copyright (c) 1986-1999 by cisco Systems, Inc.,Compiled Mon 08-Feb-99 18:18 by phanguye,Image text-base: 0x03050C84, data-base: 0x00001000,ROM: System Bootstrap, Version 11.0(10c), SOFTWARE,BOOTFLASH: 3000 Bootstrap Software (IGS-BOOT-R), Version 11.0(10c), RELEASE SOFTWARE(fc1),wg_ro_a uptime is 20 minutes,System restarted by reload,System image file is flash:c2500-js-l_120-3.bin,(output omitted),-More-,Configuration register is 0x2102,察看配制,Console,IOS,Setup utility,show,startup-config,show,running-config,Setup saves the configuration to NVRAM,Config,Config,RAM,NVRAM,显示,running,和,startup,配制,wg_ro_c#,show startup-config,Using 1359 out of 32762 bytes,!,!,- More -,wg_ro_c#,show running-config,!,- More -,In NVRAM,In RAM,显示当前的和保存的配制,路由器的配制模式,Router(config)#,Routerenable,Router#config term,Exit,Ctrl-Z (end),User EXEC mode,Privileged EXEC mode,Global configuration mode,Configuration,Mode,Prompt,InterfaceRouter(config-if)#,SubinterfaceRouter(config-subif)#,ControllerRouter(config-controller)#,LineRouter(config-line)#,RouterRouter(config-router)#,IPX router Router(config-ipx-router)#,保存配制,wg_ro_c#,wg_ro_c#,copy running-config startup-config,Destination filename startup-config?,Building configuration,wg_ro_c#,Copy the current configuration to NVRAM,配制路由器名称,配制本地标识和访问路由器接口时的标识,Router Name,Router(config)#,hostname,wg_ro_c,wg_ro_c(config)#,Message of the Day Banner,wg_ro_c(config)#,banner motd #,Accounting Department,You have entered a secured,system. Authorized access,only!,#,Configuring Router Identification,Sets local identity or message for the accessed router or interface,Router Name,Router(config)#,hostname wg_ro_c,wg_ro_c(config)#,Message of the Day Banner,wg_ro_c(config)#,banner motd #,Accounting Department,You have entered a secured,system. Authorized access,only!,#,Interface Description,wg_ro_c(config)#,interface ethernet 0,wg_ro_c(config-if)#,description Engineering LAN, Bldg. 18,Router(config)#,line console 0,Router(config-line)#,login,Router(config-line)#,password cisco,Console Password,Virtual Terminal Password,Router(config)#,line vty 0 4,Router(config-line)#,login,Router(config-line)#,password sanjose,Enable Password,Router(config)#,enable password cisco,Secret Password,Router(config)#,enable secret sanfran,路由器密码配制,Router(config)#,interface,type number,Router(config-if)#,配制一个接口,type,includes serial, ethernet, token ring, fddi, hssi, loopback, dialer, null, async, atm, bri, and tunnel,number,is used to identify individual interfaces,Router(config-if)#,exit,Quit from current interface configuration mode,Router(config)#,interface,type slot/port,Router(config-if)#,For modular routers,Enter global configuration mode,Router(config-if)#clock rate 64000,Router(config-if)#,Router(config)#interface serial 0,Router(config-if)#,Router#configure term,Router(config)#,Router(config-if)#bandwidth 64,Router(config-if)#exit,Router(config)#exit,Router#,Specify interface,Set clock rate (on DCE interfaces only),Set bandwidth (recommended),配制一个串口,Router#show interface serial 0,Serial0 is up, line protocol is up,Hardware is HD64570,MTU 1500 bytes, BW 64 Kbit, DLY 20000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255,Encapsulation HDLC, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec),Last input 00:00:09, output 00:00:04, output hang never,Last clearing of show interface counters never,Input queue: 0/75/0 (size/max/drops); Total output drops: 0,Queueing strategy: weighted fair,Output queue: 0/1000/64/0 (size/max total/threshold/drops),Conversations 0/1/256 (active/max active/max total),Reserved Conversations 0/0 (allocated/max allocated),5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec,5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec,(,output omitted),验证你的配制,Ethernet,封装类型,Router(config)#,interface ethernet 2,Router(config-if)#media-type 10baset,Select the media-type connector for the Ethernet interface,禁用和启用接口,Router#configure term,Router(config)#interface serial 0,Router(config-if)#no shutdown,%LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Seria0, changed state to up,%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line Protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to up,Enables an interface that is administratively shutdown,Router#configure term,Router(config)#interface serial 0,Router(config-if)#shutdown,%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface Serial0, changed state to administratively down,%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Serial0, changed state to down,Administratively turns off an interface,显示路由器接口,Router#show interfaces,Ethernet0 is up, line protocol is up,Hardware is Lance, address is 00e0.1e5d.ae2f (bia 00e0.1e5d.ae2f),MTU 1500 bytes, BW 10000 Kbit, DLY 1000 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255,Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set, keepalive set (10 sec),ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,Last input 00:00:07, output 00:00:08, output hang never,Last clearing of show interface counters never,Queueing strategy: fifo,Output queue 0/40, 0 drops; input queue 0/75, 0 drops,5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec,5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec,81833 packets input, 27556491 bytes, 0 no buffer,Received 42308 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles,1 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 1 ignored, 0 abort,0 input packets with dribble condition detected,55794 packets output, 3929696 bytes, 0 underruns,0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets,0 babbles, 0 late collision, 4 deferred,0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier,0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out,Router#show interfaces serial 1,Serial1 is up, line protocol is up,Hardware is HD64570,Description: 64Kb Line to San Jose,: : : : : : : : :,Operational.,Connection problem.,Interface problem.,Disabled .,Serial1 is up, line protocol is up,Serial1 is up, line protocol is down,Serial1 is down, line protocol is down,Serial1 is administratively down, line protocol is down,Keepalives,Carrier Detect,解释路由器接口的状态,谢谢大家！,