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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,被动语态（,The Passive Voice),Tom,broke,the window,.,（主动语态）, ,The window,was broken,by Tom,.,（被动语态）, ,英语的谓语动词有两种语态,主动语态,被动语态,（,前者表示句子的,主语为动作的发出者,，,后者表示句子的,主语为动作的承受者,。）,注意：,只有及物动词才有被动语态,。,1.,被动语态,结构：,be,+,过去分词,(,PP,) + (,by ,),2.,如何从主动语态,变为,被动语态？,1.,The boy,broke,the glass,.,The glass,was,broken,by,the boy,.,2.,The boy,is reading,a book,.,The book,is,being,read,by,the boy,.,1.,主语,2.,谓语,3.,宾语,介词,by,宾语,be,+,过去分词,主语,1,、,They make the bikes in the factory.,2,、,All the people laughed at him.,3,、,We can repair this watch in two days.,The bikes,are made,by them in the factory,He,was laughed at,by all people.,This watch,can be repaired,in two days.,3,.,主动语态和被动语态结构对照表,时 态,主动语态,被动语态,1,一般现在时,2,一般过去时,3,一般将来时,4,过去将来时,5,现在进行时,6,过去进行时,7,现在完成时,8,过去完成时,9,含情态动词,am,/,is,/,are,+,过去分词,do/does,did,shall/will+,动词原形,would+,动词原形,am/is/are+doing,was/were+doing,have/has+,过去分词,had+,过去分词,情态动词,+,动词原形,was,/,were,+,过去分词,shall/will+,be,+,过去分词,would+,be,+,过去分词,am/is/are+,being,+,过去分词,was/were+,being,+,过去分词,had+,been,+,过去分词,have/has+,been,+,过去分词,情态动词,+,be,+,过去分词,注：,被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由第一个,be,动词 助动词或情态动词,构成。,2.,人称和时态的变化体现在,be,动词上，而过去分词在任何时态中都不改变。,被动语态举例, The Great Wall,was built,more than 2000 years old., A new bridge,is being built,across the Changjiang River., The project,will,(is going to),be finished,next month., Many trees,have been planted,around the lake., Old people,should be taken,care of/,looked,after., Books,cant be taken,out of the library.,7.Nobody likes,being laughed at,.,8.Nobody likes,to be laughed at,.,被动语态应注意的问题,1.,可接双宾语的动词,带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前做主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加,to,或,for.,Eg:,I gave,him a book,yesterday.,- He was given a book (by me) yesterday.,- A book was given,to,him (by me) yesterday.,2.,带,to,不定式作宾语补足语的,复合宾语,ask/tell/allow/encourage/promise,sb. to do sth.,结构,：,People should allow,teenagers,to choose their own clothes.,Teenagers to choose their own clothes.,They encourage,us,to plant more trees.,We to plant more trees.,should be allowed,are encouraged,3,、接动词原形做宾补的动词变被动语态,使役动词,(let, have, make,等,),或感官动词,(see, hear, watch,等,),在主动语态中后面接的动词不定式省略,to,，改为被动语态时一定要补上,to,。,I heard him sing in the next room.,-He sing in the next room.,They made us do all kinds of work.,-We do all kinds of work.,.,注,：,当使用,see/hear/watch sb,doing,sth,时，变为被动语态时，,doing,不变。如：,I saw him going into,the,shop.(,主动,),He,was seen going into,the shop.(,被动,),was heard to,were made to,4,、,主语从句,汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“有人说”、“大家说”等常见的宾语从句句型。,Its said/ reported/believed/ that,据说,/,报道,/,认为,Its suggested that,有人建议,Its well known that,众所周知,eg:,It was reported that,it rained heavily in the south of China.,据报道，一个老人在大街上慢慢走着的时候，被一辆快速从旁边经过的汽车撞倒了。,It is reported that,when an old man was walking on the street,at a low speed, he was knocked down by a car passing by,at a high speed,.,5,、没有被动语态的动词和词组,1.,不及物动词如,happen, appear, belong to, take place, break out,等无被动语态,A traffic accident _(happen) just now.,2.,连系动词无被动语态，如,feel smell look sound taste,等。,Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful,3.,表状态的动词无被动语态，如,have own,I have a bike.,happen,ed,sound,s,4.wash, write, sell, wear,此动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，,不用被动语态,常用,副词,well, easily,修饰。,The book sells well . (,这本书销路很好,),This dress washes easily . (,这衣服较好洗,),The pen writes smoothly.,（这支钢笔写起来很流畅）,5.need, demand, want(,需要）, require, be worth,等后用动名词表被动。,The desk needs repairing.,The novel is worth seeing.,注意：,need,后可接动名词表被动，又可接动词不定式的被动形式。：,The desk needs repair,ing,.,The desk needs,to be repaired,.,1. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _ well.,A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold,2. Excuse me. Im looking for Be the Best of Yourself., Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.,A. is selling B. is sold,C. was selling D. will be sold,3. Han Hans books are popular. They _ by many teenagers.,A. is read B. was read,C. are read D. were read,4. At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups., More chances _ to students to learn from each other.,A. offer B. are offered,C. have offered D. are offering,5. Didnt you see the sign “No Parking!” on the right?, Sorry, I didnt. But now I know parking _ here.,A. wasnt allowed B. isnt allowed,C. wont allow D. doesnt allow,6. The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school.,A. is taken B. are taken,C. take D. takes,7. Have you finished your project?, Not yet. Ill finish it if I _ ten more minutes.,A. give B. am given,C. will give D. will be given,8. This pair of shoes _ hand, and it _ very comfortable.,A. is made with; is felt,B. are made from; is felt,C. are made of; feels,D. is made by; feels,9. In some parts of the world, tea _ with milk and sugar.,A. is serving B. is served,C. serves D. served,10. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday _.,A. are not decided,B. have not been decided,C. is not being decided,D. has not been decided,11. This is Teds phone. We miss him a lot. He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake.,A. killed B. is killed,C. was killed D. was killing,12. - Have you move into the new house?,- Not yet, the rooms _.,A. are being painted B. are painting,C. are painted D. are being painting,
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