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单击此处编辑母版文本样式,英语,高考总复习人教版,必修四,语法专题,(,六,),主谓一致,一、主语是复数形式，谓语用单数形式,1,表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、数量的复数名词，通常看作整体，谓语用单数。,这样考过,(2007,江西,),A survey of the opinions of experts _that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _good for ones health.,A,show; are,B,shows; is,C,show; is D,shows; are,解析：,主句主语是,a survey,，谓语动词应用单数形式；从句主语是,three hours of outdoor exercise a week,表示一个整体概念，因此谓语动词也应用单数形式。,答案：,B,2,以,s,结尾的国名、地名、书报名、团体、学科等名词作主语，形式上是复数，谓语用单数。,可能这样考,Mathematics_the,language of science.,A,are B,are going to be,C,Is D,is to be,解析：,此处,mathematics,为学科名词，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,答案：,C,3,表示两个相同部分连成一体的复数名词，如,trousers,，,scissors,，,shoes,，,gloves,，,shorts,，,glasses,等作主语时，前面若无,a kind of,/a pair of/,a series of,等单位词修饰时，谓语用复数，若带有单位词，谓语由单位词的单复数决定。,可能这样考,The,trousers_you,well.,But the,colour_me,.,A,fit; suit B,fit; doesnt suit,C,fits; doesnt suit D,fit; dont suit,解析：,trousers,作主语，谓语动词用复数形式；而,colour,则为单数，故选,B,。,答案：,B,二、主语是单数形式，谓语用复数形式,1,police,，,people,，,cattle,，,faculty,，,flock,，,machinery,等作主语，谓语用复数。,可能这样考,Cattle_well,in the country market at present,，,according to the evening news.,A,sell B,sells,C,is being sold D,will be sold,解析：,有些集合名词作主语时，应以复数看待。这类名词有,people,，,cattle,，,police,等。,答案：,A,2,有些以,sh,，,ese,，,ch,结尾的表示国家、民族的形容词与,the,连用时，表示复数含义，谓语用复数。表示单数含义，谓语用单数。,可能这样考,Look,！,The,German_coming,this,way.He,is studying here.,A,are B,is,C,has D,have,解析：,根据语境,“,这个德国人朝这边走来,”,选,B,。误选,A,是受习惯思维,“,the,adj,.,指一类人，谓语动词用复数,”,的影响。,答案：,B,3,“,the,形容词,/,分词,”,如指一类人，其谓语用复数；如表示抽象概念或个人时，其谓语用单数。,可能这样考,When the,injured_to,the hospital,，,they came to_.,A,was rushed; life B,were rushed; life,C,rushed; lives D,were rushed; lives,解析：,“,the,形容词,”,指代一类人，谓语动词用复数。,come to life,“,苏醒,”,，为固定搭配。,答案：,B,三、主语是单数形式，谓语视情况而定,1,主语是,family,，,team,，,group,，,crowd,，,class,，,committee,，,population,，,crew,，,enemy,，,government,等集合名词，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数形式；如果指一个个成员或个体时，谓语就该用复数。,这样考过,(,广东汕头,),Recently,，,there _ a boom in population mobility,，,and according to the survey in 2008,17 percent of the population _ every year.,A,is; moves B,has been; moves,C,is; move D,has been; move,解析：,population,表示,“,部分人口,”,，强调具体成员时，谓语动词用复数。,答案：,D,(,浙江东阳中学,),The crew _ made up of accomplished sailors and thus _ highly paid to do the work on the ship.,A,were; were B,was; were,C,were; was D,was; was,答案：,B,2,主语是,“,a series of,，,a kind of,等名词,”,结构时，谓语动词用单数。,“,kinds of,等名词,”,作主语时，谓语动词用复数。注意：,在,“,this kind of,名词,”,之后，无论这里的名词是单数还是复数，谓语都用单数。,这样考过,(,江西景德镇一中,),So far a series of problems _ brought about by this decision.,A,have B,has,C,has been D,have been,答案：,C,还可能这样考,Many kinds of,furniture_being,transported from Beijing to,Tianjin,.,A,is B,are,C,Having D,was,解析：,many kinds of furniture,的中心词为,of,结构前面的,kinds,，且此句宜用现在进行时的被动语态，故选,B,。,答案：,B,Machines of the new,type_made,in Shanghai.,A,is B,are,C,has been D,have been,解析：,本题应以,of,结构前面的词为主语，,machines,为复数形式，而且本句用一般现在时为最佳时态，故选,B,。,答案：,B,3,不定代词,all,，,some,，,any,以及,the rest,等作主语，谓语的单复数应根据上下文或具体场合确定。,可能这样考,“,All_present,and,all_going,on well,”,，,our monitor said.,A,is; is B,are; are,C,are; is D,is; are,解析：,题意为：,“,所有人出席，一切顺利,”,，我们班长说。,all,表示人，其谓语用复数；,all,表示事物，谓语用单数。,答案：,C,Half of us were out to look for him,，,and the,rest_staying,at home waiting for his call.,A,was B,is,C,were D,are,解析：,the rest,做主语若指代的是可数名词，谓语动词用复数，若指代的是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。,答案：,C,4,what,引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语的单复数取决于表语的单复数。,这样考过,(2008,宁夏一中,),What the remote areas need _ education to children and what the children need _ good textbooks at the moment.,A,is; are B,are; is,C,was; were D,were; was,解析：,以,what,引导的主语从句谓语动词通常用单数，如果其后的表语是复数也可以用复数；如果,what,从句是带有复数意义的并列结构，主句的谓语动词用复数。,答案：,A,5,定语从句的谓语的单复数应取决于先行词。,注意：,在,“,one of,名词复数,”,后面定语从句谓语动词用复数，但如果,“,one of,名词复数,”,之前有,the only,，,the very,，,the last,修饰时，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。,这样考过,(,陕西西安铁一中,),Jack,，,as well as his friends who _ football games,，,_ traveled with the team.,A,likes; has B,likes; have,C,like; has D,like; have,答案：,C,(2007,合肥,)Many standardized tests in our life turned out to be simple,，,_beyond expectations.,A,which was B,they are,C,which were D,it is,解析：,考查定语从句和主谓一致。这里用,which,引导非限制性定语从句，连词指代主句内容，表示单数含义，因此选,A,。,答案：,A,四、并列主语，谓语动词的单复数视情况而定,1,and,或,both,and,连接两主语时，谓语常用复数。,注意：,(1),如果,and,连接的两个名词指同一个人或表示同一概念时，谓语用单数。,这样考过,(2006,江苏,)A poet and,artist_coming,to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon.,A,is B,are,C,was D,were,解析：,句意：明天下午一个诗人也是艺术家要来给我们做一次关于中国文学和绘画方面的讲座。,由时间状语,tomorrow afternoon,一词可知,C,、,D,项时态不对，,a poet and artist,代表一个人，而,a poet and an artist,代表两个人，故不选,B,项。,答案：,A,(2)one and a half,修饰名词复数作主语，谓语用单数，主语是,“,one or two,复数名词,”,，其谓语用复数形式。,可能这样考,One and a half,bananas_left,on the table.,A,is B,are,C,has D,have,解析：,题意为：桌上剩下一个半香蕉。,one and a half,后虽然跟复数名词，但整个短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。,答案：,A,(3),当,and,连接的并列单数主语前分别有,each,，,every,，,more than one,，,many a,，,no,修饰时，谓语用单数。,这样考过,(,龙岩质检,),Hi,，,what did our monitor say just now?,Every boy and every girl as well as teachers who are to visit Water Cube _ asked to be at the school gate before 6,30 in the morning.,A,is B,were,C,are D,was,解析：,当主语由,as well as,连接时谓语部分看,as well as,前面的部分，因此主语是,every boy and every girl,，而,every.and every.,结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而根据,are to visit the Water Cube,知时态用一般现在时，故选,A,。,答案：,A,2,由,or,，,either,or,，,neither,nor,，,not,but,，,not only,but also,等连接的并列主语，谓语动词单复数与最邻近的主语一致：,Either you or he is to blame.,这样考过,(2008,贵州遵义联考,),Not only I but also other workers _willing to have a rest after a weeks work.,A,is B,are,C,am D,be,解析：,not only.but also.,连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词就近一致。,答案：,B,(2007,常州,)Neither Liu,Xiang,nor his parents and,coach_he,can become such a world famous athlete.,A. have expected B. are expected,C. has expected D. is expected,解析：,neither.nor.,并列两个连词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的形式用就近原则判断。根据,his parents and coach,表复数意义，排除,C,、,D,两项；根据句意,“,刘翔的父母与教练都没有料想到他会成为世界著名的运动员,”,可排除表被动关系的,B,项。,答案：,A,(2008,沈阳二中高三模拟,),Either you or the headmaster _ the prize to these gifted students at the meeting.,A,is handing out B,are to hand out,C,are handing out D,is to hand out,解析：,当,either.or.,/neither.nor./,not only.but also.,连接两个主语时，谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。,答案：,D,五、主谓一致的其他情况,1,“,分数,/,百分数,of,名词,”,构成短语，或,“,some/,a lot of,/lots of/,a(large)quantity,of,/the rest of/,plenty of,”,构成短语时，其名词可以是可数名词或不可数名词。这些短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中,of,后面的名词保持数的一致，这是因为短语中,of,后面的名词是中心词，而名词前面的量词是修饰语。,这样考过,(,江西抚州一中,)Large amounts of water _ been pumped from the mine where an explosion happened yesterday.,A,had B,would have,C,has D,have,答案：,D,(2006,浙江,)The company had about 20 notebook computers but only,onethird,_used,regularly.Now,we have 60 working all day long.,A,is B,are,C,was D,were,解析：,本题考查动词时态和主谓一致。分数,of,名词，其谓语动词要和,of,后面的名词的数保持一致，此句中的分数,onethird,省略后面的,of the 20 notebook computers,，故应选,D,项。时态应与,but,前的句子时态一致，因为他们是并列句。,答案：,D,(,湖南湘潭模拟,),Mr.Smith,，,I cant go on with my reading.,Ive already told you the last three parts of the article _ the most difficult to understand.,A,is B,are,C,had been D,were,答案：,B,2,“,a number of,名词复数,”,作主语，谓语用复数；,“,the number of,名词复数,”,作主语，谓语用单数。,这样考过,(2006,南通,)The number of people hurt in the traffic,accident_to,95,，,the news agency reports.,A. has increased B. have increased,C. has been increased D. have been increased,解析：,主语是数量,(the number),，故谓语动词用单数形式，,increase,表示,“,数量的增大,”,时，用主动语态。,答案：,A,(,广东深圳中学,)_ children whose parents had died in the earthquake _ sent to live with families in other cities.,A,A great number of; was,B,A great number of; were,C,The great number of; was,D,The great number of; were,答案：,B,3,主语后跟,with,，,together with,，,along with,，,but,，,except,，,besides,，,as well as,，,rather than,，,including, no less than,，,as much as,等短语，谓语应与前面的主语保持一致。,这样考过,(,吉安期末,),Dr.Johnson,，,together with his assistants,，,is coming to visit our school.,Oh, _,？,A,are they B,is he,C,does he D,do they,解析：,考查主谓一致。若句中含有,together with,，,together,，,as well as,时，其句中谓语动词的选择要视其前的主语而定。据此原则，句子的主语应为,Dr.Johnson,。故选,B,。,答案：,B,(,辽宁重点模拟,),John as well as the other children who _ no parents _ good care of in the center.,A,have; is being taken,B,have; has taken,C,has; is taken,D,has; have been taken,解析：,考查主谓一致和动词时态。根据题意：约翰同其他那些没有父母的孩子一起在这个中心受到很好的照顾。,who,引导的定语从句修饰,other children,所以谓语动词应是复数；名词,1,as well as,/besides/,with/together with,ect,.,名词,2,时，谓语动词要根据就远原则由名词,1,决定，所以第二空谓语动词为单数，约翰正在受到照顾，应用正在进行式的被动形式。,答案：,A,(2008,北京,155,中,),Professor Smith,，,along with his assistants,，,_on the project day and night to meet the deadline.,A,work B,working,C,is working D,are working,解析：,主语为,Professor Smith,，谓语用单数。,答案：,C,(2008,上海冠龙高级中学,),The teacher,，,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,，,_ visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.,A,was B,were,C,had been D,would be,解析：,作主语的是,the teacher,，所以谓语动词用单数形式。,答案：,A,(2006,郑州,)All the workers except,Jack_to,work at home.,A,allow B,allows,C,are allowed D,is allowed,解析：,题意为：除了杰克允许所有工人在家办公。,except,后的主语为假性主语。句子主语是,all the workers,指人，故谓语动词用复数形式。,答案：,C,4,动名词、不定式或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,这样考过,(2007,南京,)Displaying feelings,，,at one point,，,_expressing those feelings through a facial reaction.,A,is meant B,mean,C,are meant D,means,解析：,考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处是陈述一个客观事实，应用一般现在时。因为是作谓语，主语是非谓语动词时，谓语动词要用单数，因此选,D,。,答案：,D,(,上海高考,),When and where to go for the,onsalary,holiday _yet.,A,are not decided,B,have not been decided,C,is not being decided,D,has not been decided,解析：,特殊疑问词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数，因此排除,A,、,B,项；由题干最后的,yet,可知，应用现在完成时。故选,D,。,答案：,D,(2006,安徽,)Most of what has been said about the Smiths _also true of the,Johnsons,.,A,are B,is,C,being D,to be,解析：,该题考查主谓一致。,the Smiths,为介词,about,的宾语，真正的主语为,what has been said,，从句做主语谓语一般为单数，故选,B,。,答案：,B,5,确定倒装句谓语的单复数要找准主语：,On the wall hang two large portraits.(,主语为,two large portraits),这样考过,(2007,江西九所,)_at the,front_some,VIPs from the company.,A,Seating; was B,Seated; were,C,Sitting; was D,Sat; were,解析：,表语提前要倒装，谓语动词的单复数与主语保持一致，主语是,some VIPs,，因此谓语动词应用复数,were,。,答案：,B,还可能这样考,There _a pen,，,two pencils and three books on the desk.,A,are B,is,C,has D,have,解析：,题意为：书桌上有一支钢笔，两支铅笔和三本书。在,there be,句型中，谓语动词的数一般与最靠近它的名词一致。,答案：,B,6,each of,，,neither of,，,either of,，,one of,，,any(one)of,，,every one of,等作主语时，谓语用单数。,这样考过,(,湖南岳阳一中,)Each of the students,，,working hard at his or her lessons,，,_ to go to university.,So do I.,A,hope B,hopes,C,hoping D,hoped,答案：,B,.,单项填空,1,More than,one_the,people heart and soul.,A,official has served,B,officials have served,C,official has served for,D,officials have served for,答案与解析：,A,more than one,接单数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。,2. The family,a visit,some of their relatives this week.,A.are,in; of,B.is,in; of,C.are,on; to,D.is,on; to,答案与解析,:,C,the,family作主语，谓语动词是意志性动作，所以应该把family理解为是复数意义。be,on a visit,to是固定短语，意为“拜访,”。,3,Everybody in our hometown,，,men and women,，,young and old,，,_sports and games.,A,are fond of B,joins,C,enjoys D,go in for,答案与解析：,C,题意为：在我们家乡，不论男女老少，每个人都喜欢运动和比赛。在本题中主语是,everybody,。,men and women,，,young and old,作,everybody,的同位语，故谓语动词应该用第三人称单数，可排除,A,、,D,项；又因为,join,不能直接跟,sth,.,。故答案为,C,。,4,Mr,Brown,，,with his sons and daughters,，,_visiting a relative of his when the hurricane struck.,A,had been B,would be,C,were D,was,答案与解析：,D,题意为：当飓风袭来时，布朗先生正和他的儿女们在亲戚家做客。名词加介词结构作主语，谓语动词数的变化应该以介词短语前面的名词来确定。因为,Mr,Brown,是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也要用第三人称单数，故选,D,。,5,_without friends _ the most difficult challenge for Jack while living on the island.,A,How does he survive; are,B,How to survive; are,C,How does he survive; is,D,How to survive; is,答案与解析：,D,“,疑问副词动词不定式,”,作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,6,The high standard of the nations literature and art _widespread attention.,A,was attracted B,have attracted,C,has attracted D,has been attracted,答案与解析：,C,题意为：这个民族高水准的文学与艺术已经引起了广泛的关注。句子主语为,high standard,，故谓语动词用单数形式。又因为主语与动作,attract,构成主谓关系，所以用主动语态。根据题意选,C,。,7,The,police_asked,that anyone who saw the accident should get in touch with_.,A,have; them B,has; him,C,have; him D,has; them,答案与解析：,A,police,是集体名词，作主语时谓语用复数，用复数代词宾格,them,代替。,8,Email,，,as well as telephones,，,_ an important part in daily communication.,A,is playing B,have played,C,are playing D,play,答案与解析：,A,主语后有,as well as,引起的短语时，谓语动词和前面的主语保持一致。,9,The number of the students who took part in the competition_500,，,but only a small number of them _chosen.,A,was; were B,were; was,C,were; were D,was; was,答案与解析：,A,“,the number of,复数名词,”,作主语时谓语动词用单数；,a/,an(large,，,small,，,etc.)number,of,后接复数名词或代词时，是复数概念，谓语动词用复数。,10,A,large_of,money is spent on the Hope Project and a good many,schools_set,up.,A,amount; has been B,amount; have been,C,number; has been D,deal; have been,答案与解析：,B,表示大量的钱，可以用,a large amount of/a large sum of,，谓语动词用单数；很多学校是复数概念，因此后面的谓语动词也用复数形式，根据语境判断，表示到目前的情况，因此应该用现在完成时。,11,Large quantities of information,，,as well as some timely,help_since,the organization was built.,A,has offered B,had been offered,C,have been offered D,is offered,答案与解析：,C,由,as well as,连接的复合主语并不影响谓语动词的数，,“,large quantities of,名词,”,作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。分析题目可知动作虽然发生在过去，但对现在还有影响，故应用现在完成时。,12,John,，,together with some other American soldiers who _ sent to Iraq,，,_ killed in a bomb explosion.,A,were; were B,was; was,C,were; was D,was; were,答案与解析：,C,考查主谓一致的用法。第一个空的谓语形式应该和先行词,American soldiers,一致；第二个空是该句的谓语，要和主语,John,一致，,together with some other American soldiers,只是一个插入成分，作补充说明。,13,Fifteen,minutes_all,that I can spare to talk over this matter with you.,A,is,B,are,C,were,D,be,答案与解析：,A,此处的,“,Fifteen minutes,”,作主语，表示的是整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式。,14,The father,，,rather than the brothers,，,_for the accident.,A,are responsible,B,were responsible,C,be responsible,D,is responsible,答案与解析：,D,本题的主语是,“,The father,”,，其后有,“,rather than the brothers,”,，这时谓语动词的数应与,“,The father,”,保持一致，用第三人称单数。,15,Do the students learn any foreign languages in your school?,Yes,，,more than,one_taught,in this school.,A,language is,B,language are,C,language be,D,languages are,答案与解析：,A,more than one,后接单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式，但在意义上是复数。,16,Soon after feeling the slight shaking,，,every man,，,woman and,child_about,the earthquake that night.,A,were talking B,was talking,C,had talked D,talking,答案与解析：,B,用,and,连接的两个或两个以上的单数名词作主语时，且名词前有,every,，,each,，,no,等词修饰时，谓语动词须用单数形式。,17,To play basketball and to go,swimming_good,for,charactertraining,.,A,was,B,is,C,are,D,were,答案与解析：,C,两个动词不定式作主语，如果不表示同一个概念，谓语动词需用复数形式。,18,He is the only one of the students,who_a,winner of scholarship for three years.,A,is B,are,C,have been D,had been,答案与解析：,A,在,“,one of,复数名词定语从句,”,结构中，复数名词是先行词，定语从句中谓语动词用复数形式，但当,one,前有,the only,，,the very,等修饰时，,one,是先行词，谓语动词应用单数形式。,19,No one in the department but Tom and,I_that,the director is going to resign.,A,knows B,know,C,have known D,am to know,答案与解析：,A,当主语后接,“,but,/except/,besides,/as well as/,with,/along with/,together with/including,名词,(,代词,),”,结构时，谓语动词的数应与句子的主语保持一致。本题中，句子的主语为,no one,，故用单数谓语。,20,_ of the people on the Net _ Chinas economy is among the strongest in the world.,A,Fourfifth,; believes B,Fourfifth,; believe,C,Fourfifths,; believe D,Fourfifths,; believes,答案与解析：,C,分数或者百分数修饰名词做主语时，谓语的数由名词而定；分数的表达法是：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于,1,，分母加,s,。在此题中，,people,是一个复数名词，并作主语，因此谓语要用复数。句意：,4/5,的网民相信中国经济属于世界前列。,21,Have you heard that Tom,，,along with his parents,，,_ to Japan?,Really,？,No wonder I havent seen him these days.,A,has been B,has gone,C,have been D,have gone,答案与解析：,B,在,“,主语介词短语结构,”,中，谓语动词的人称和数由主语决定，其常见结构有：主语,with,/together with/,along with,/as well as/,like,/including/,more than,/but/,except,/besides/,in addition to,/rather than/,not.,.,谓语,.,。此题中主语是汤姆而不是他的父母，所以谓语用单数，且根据答语知,“,他们,”,已经去了日本，而不是曾经去过。,22,Our class _ all fond of singing English songs and we can sing _ than others.,A,is; many more B,are; many more,C,is; much more D,are; much more,答案与解析：,B,在英语中，集合名词作主语，如果是指整体概念，谓语动词用单数形式；如果指具体成员，谓语动词用复数形式。由题干中的,we,可知，此处的,class,指的是全班同学，所以谓语动词要用复数形式；,many more,复数名词；,much more,不可数名词；而此处,more,修饰的是,songs,，所以用,many more,。,23,We live day by day,，,but in the great things,，,the time of days and weeks _ so small that a day is unimportant.,A,is B,are,C,has been D,have been,答案与解析：,A,由句子的主语,the time of.,可知，谓语动词应用单数形式；题干中所描述的情况为客观事实，所以用一般现在时态。故只有,A,项符合题意。,
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