Irony and Satire(反语与讽刺)

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Irony,Irony is a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humor or sarcasm. Sometimes, irony is used to show peoples intimate feelings, but in most cases it is used to criticize or expose bad and ugly things. In certain context, it can hold the readers attention and deepen his impression.,1,Irony can be classified into two categories: anti-phrase and situation irony.,Anti-phrase,(,words used obviously with meanings opposite to their literal one, the simple form of irony.),i.e.,1. this,hard-working,boy,seldom reads more than an hour per week.,2.,Robbing a widow,of her savings,was,certainly,a noble act.,2,Situation irony,(words used with implied meaning which can not be taken literally but from the context.),Most of the,abolitionists,belong to nations,that spend half their annual income on weapons of war,and,that honor research to perfect means of killing.,“Its no use going to see little Hans in winter”, the Miller used to say to his wife, “,when people are in trouble we must leave them alone and not bother them,”. That is my idea of friendship, and Im sure Im right. So I shall wait till spring comes, and then I should visit him and he will give me a large bouquet of primroses, and that will make him very happy.,“,You think so much about others,”, said his wife, “,Its a pleasure to hear what you say about friendship. Im sure the priest himself cannot say such a beautiful things as you do, though he lives in a three-storied house, and wear a gold ring in his little finger,!”,Oscar Wilde,the Devoted friend,3,Satire,Satire is a literary genre in which ridicule is thrown something by stressing its worst figures, often by the use of irony, thus assuming or affirming a norm by which aberrations are judged. As a rhetorical device, it often uses sharp and acrimonious words and tone to expose and mock at peoples faults, stupidity or ugliness, etc. Here are some examples.,4,Now prohibition, whether as a proposal in England or a pretence in America, simply means that,the man who has drunk less shall have all the drink.,It means that,the old gentle man shall be carried home in a cab drunker than ever; but that, in order to make it quite safe for him to drink even in moderation.,That is what it means, that is all it ever mean.,J.K. Chesterton, ,What I saw in American,5,2. I have been assured by a very knowing American of acquaintance in London that,a young healthy child well nursed is at a year old a most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome food, whether stewed, roasted, baked, or boiled, and I make no doubt that it will equally serve in a fricassee or ragout.,Jonathan Swift, A Modest proposal,6,