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Click to edit Master title style,Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level,*,Bullying Among Children & Youth,WORDS HURT the HEART,BILL J. BOND,NASSP,Principal for Safe Schools,(c) 2005 Take a Stand. Lend a Hand. Stop Bullying Now!,Overview of the Workshop,What is known about the nature and prevalence of bullying?,Why be concerned about bullying?,How are schools addressing bullying?,What works and doesnt work in bullying prevention and intervention?,HRSAs National Bullying Prevention Campaign,Bullying,Is aggressive behavior that intends to cause harm or distress.HUMILIATION,Usually is repeated over time.,Occurs in a relationship where there is an imbalance of power or strength.,Direct Bullying,Hitting, kicking, shoving, spitting,Taunting, teasing, racial slurs, verbal harassment,Threatening, obscene gestures,Indirect Bullying,Getting another person to bully someone for you,Spreading rumors,Deliberately excluding someone from a group or activity,Cyber-bullying,How common is bullying?,Nansel et al. (2001): national sample of 15,600 students in grades 6-10,19%,bullied others,”sometimes” or more often,9% bullied others weekly,17%,were bullied,“sometimes” or more often,8% were bullied weekly,6% reported bullying,and,being bullied “sometimes” or more often,Gender Differences in Bullying,Most studies find that boys bully more than do girls,Boys report being bullied by boys; girls report being bullied by boys,and,girls,Boys are more likely than girls to be physically bullied by their peers,Girls are more likely to be bullied through rumor-spreading, sexual comments, social exclusion,Conditions Surrounding Bullying,Children usually are bullied by one child or a small group,Common locations: playground, classroom, lunchroom, halls, bathrooms,Bullying is more common at school than on the way to/from school,Children Who Bully are More Likely to:,Get into frequent fights,Be injured in a fight,Steal, vandalize property,Drink alcohol,Smoke,Be truant, drop out of school,Report poorer academic achievement,Perceive a negative climate at school,Carry a weapon,Longitudinal Study of Children who Bullied (Olweus, 1993),60% of boys who were bullies in middle school had at least one conviction by age 24.,40% had three or more convictions.,Bullies were 4 times as likely as peers to have multiple convictions.,Children who are bullied have:,Lower self esteem,Higher rates of depression,Higher absenteeism rates,More suicidal ideation,Health Consequences of Bullying (Fekkes et al., 2003),Bullied,Not bullied,Headache16%6%,Sleep problems42%23%,Abdominal pain17%9%,Feeling tense20%9%,Anxiety28%10%,Feeling unhappy23%5%,Depression scale,moderate indication49%16%,strong indication16%2%,Common Characteristics of Bully/Victims,Hyperactive, have difficulty concentrating,Quick-tempered, try to fight back if provoked,May be bullied by many children,Try to bully younger, weaker children,Concern About Bully/Victims,Display the social-emotional problems of victimized children AND the behavioral problems of children who bully (Nansel et al., 2003),Poor relationships with classmates,Lonely,Poorer academic achievement,Higher rates of smoking and alcohol use,More frequent fighting,Concern About Bully/Victims,(cont.),Peer Ratings,Who do children most want to avoid?,bully/victims,Teacher Ratings,Who is least popular?,bully/victims,Who has the most conduct problems?,bully/victims,Who is seen as the most disengaged from school?,bully/victims,Safe School Initiative Report,(2002),US Secret Service and US Dept. of Education,Studied 37 incidents of targeted school violence, involving 41 attackers (1974-2000),3/4 of attackers felt persecuted, bullied prior to the incident,1/3 of attackers characterized as “loners”,1/4 socialized with students who were disliked by most mainstream students,Many had considered suicide,Reporting of Bullying to School Staff,Many do not report being bullied.,Older children and boys are less likely to report victimization.,Why dont children report?,2/3 of victims felt that staff responded poorly,6% believed that staff responded very well. (Hoover et al., 1992),Adults Responsiveness to Bullying,Adults overestimate their effectiveness in identifying bullying and intervening.,Many children question the commitment of teachers and administrators to stopping bullying,35% believed,teachers,were interested in stopping bullying,25% believed,administrators,were interested in stopping bullying (Harris et al., 2002).,Kids Who Observe,What do you usually do when you see a student being bullied?,38%Nothing, because itsnone of my business,27%I dont do anything, butI think I should help,35%I try to help him or her,What Are Schools Doing To Address Bullying?,Awareness-raising efforts,Reporting, tracking,Zero tolerance (student exclusion),Social skills training for victims of bullying,Individual & group treatment for children who bully/children who are bullied,Mediation, conflict resolution programs,Curricular approaches to bullying prevention,Comprehensive approaches,Common “Misdirections” in Bullying Prevention and Intervention,Zero tolerance (student exclusion),Conflict Resolution/Peer Mediation,Group treatment for children who bully,Simple, short-term solutions,What works in bullying prevention?,What is required to reduce bullying in schools is nothing less than a,change in the school climate,and in,norms for behavior,.,This requires a comprehensive, school-wide effort involving the,entire school community,StopBullyingNow.hrsa.gov,Campaign Goals,Raise awareness about bullying,Prevent and reduce bullying behaviors,Identify appropriate interventions for “tweens” and other target audiences,Foster and enhance linkages among partners,Resources Used for the Campaigns Development,Review of existing research on bullying,Focus groups & in-depth interviews with tweens, teens, adults,Input from Youth Expert Panel,Input from Steering Committee of Partner Organizations,Campaign Partners,Over 60 public, not-for-profit groups, & government agencies,Represent fields of:,Education, health, mental health, law enforcement, youth development, faith-based communities,Responsibilities:,Advise Campaigns development,Provide feedback on Campaign products,Disseminate Campaigns results,Campaigns Launch,TV, Radio, and Print Public Service Announcements for Tweens,PSAs,For Adults,Interactive Website,stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov,Animated Serial Comic,Games, polls for tweens,Advice for tweens,Resource Kit for adults,Links to partner groups and activities,Animated Serial Comic,Twelve 2-minute episodes,Entertaining cast of characters,Model positive behaviors,Interactive,Resource Kit,More than 20 tip sheets/fact sheets,Database of existing bullying prevention resources,Bullying prevention programs,Books, videos, other resources,Available on the web (stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov) or in hard copy via HRSA Helpline (1-888-ASK-HRSA),Communications Kit,Provides bullying prevention communication materials to be used by local communities,Components:,PSAs for radio and TV,Print PSAs,Posters,Bullying Prevention Posters,Campaign Brochure,National Teleconference,90-minute teleconference held in the spring of 2004.,mchcom,Sponsored by the Health Resources & Services Administration and the U.S. Department of Education, Office of Safe & Drug-Free Schools,Participants discussed the nature of bullying and effective bullying prevention and intervention strategies.,Included 6-8-minute video workshops for,Educators,Health professionals,Mental health professionals,Youth organizations,Law enforcement officials,
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