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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,张月 孔国庆 李霞 邓卫东,更多资源,Grammar and usage,Verb-ed form,Verb-ed phrases,Verb-,ing,and verb-ed used as adjectives,Verb-ed form can be used like an,adjective,or an,adverb,in a sentence serving as(,充当,),attribute,(,定语,),predicative,(,表语,) and,object complement,(,宾语补足语,),When the verb-ed form is used as an,attribute, it can be changed into an,attributive clause,. The verb-ed form can also be used as an,adverb,modifying(,修饰,) some verbs such as,stand,sit,lie etc.,to show the two actions happening at the same time.,Verb-ed form,Please identify,the parts of speech(,词性,),of the verb-ed form in different sentences.,1),The,handwritten,notes are from jack.,2),The kidnappers were using a,stolen,car.,3),A,dark-haired,man went into the room.,adjective,4),The cake was left,untouched,on the table.,5),The girl lay,trapped,under the wreckage(,船舶残骸,).,adverb,The functions of verb-ed form,1.,attribute(,定语,),1),A single verb-ed can appear before a noun modifying the noun like an,adjective,. It can be changed into,an attributive clause,.,We should drink,boiled,water.,We should drink water,which has been boiled,.,They took the,injured,woman to the nearby hospital at once.,They took the woman,who was injured,to the nearby hospital at once.,2),Generally speaking,(,一般说来,), the verb-ed form of,transitive verbs,(,及物动词,) expresses,passive meanings,while the verb-ed form of,intransitive verbs,(,不及物动词,) expresses,active,and,past meanings,. Some verb-,eds,before nouns can express past meanings, such as,escaped,retired,and,fallen,.,the,escaped,criminal,逃犯,past,the,developed,countries,发达国家,past,a,widely used,language,passive,the,retired,scientist,past,the,highly praised,scientist,passive,fallen,leaves,落叶,past,the,risen,sun,升起的太阳,past,the,exploited,classes,被剥削阶级,passive,3),A verb-ed phrase can appear after a noun to modify the noun like an attributive clause does.,The name,mentioned,in the letter was unknown to me.,The name,which was mentioned,in the letter was unknown to me.,The firemen were trying to rescue the people,trapped,in the fire.,The firemen were trying to rescue the people,who were trapped,in the fire.,Scientific experiments,carried out,by students without the teachers instructions can be dangerous.,Scientific experiments,which are carried out,by,4),A verb-ed can be part of a,compound,(,复合词,) with an adverb or a noun before it.,a,so-called,professor,homemade,pizza,a,well-accepted,idea,a,highly-respected,professor,a,well-paid,job,一个所谓的教授,自制的比萨饼,广泛接受的想法,极受尊重的教授,报酬颇丰的工作,underdeveloped,regions,不发达地区,handmade,furniture,手工制作的家具,5),A verb-ed can also be used as a,non-restrictive attribute,(,非限定性定语,) which is separated from the noun it modifies by a comma(,逗号,).,The books,written,by Lu,Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.,The books,which were written,by Lu,Xun, are popular with many Chinese people.,The meeting,attended,by one thousand students, was a success.,The meeting,which was,attended,by one thousand students, was a success.,2.,predicative (,表语,) It can be put after some,link-verbs,(,系动词,) such as:,be,seem,appear,look,sound ,feel,remain,stay,become,1),Edison,became,interested,in science when he was very young.,2),The little boy,was,very,excited,when he heard that he could go to the party.,3.,Object complement (,宾语补足语,) It can be used after some verbs such as:,see,hear,notice,watch,find,get,have,feel,make,leave,keep,1),As he knows little English, he finds it difficult to,make,himself,understood,.,2),I,had,my hair,cut,yesterday.,3),She,found,the door,locked,.,4.,A verb-ed can be used after verbs like,stand,sit,and,lie,to show that the two actions are,happening,at the same time,.,The girl,lay,in bed,lost,in thought.,The girl,lay,in bed,and was lost,in thought.,The boy,sat,at the table,buried,in his homework.,The boy,sat,at the table and,was buried,in his homework.,Key for Exercise,A,:,(1),disappointed,(2),puzzled,(3),excited,(4),thrilled,(5),interested,(6),bored,Key for Exercise,B,:,2.,The problems created by cloning will soon be clear.,3.,We dont want beasts produced by scientists to replace us one day.,4.,The technology used is amazing.,5.,The only thing needed is just a cell from your old pet.,The usage of verb-ed phrases,A verb-ed phrase is actually a verb-ed followed by an object or /and adverbial. The verb-ed phrases can be used as,the adverbial,(,状语,) to express the time, the reason and condition,1.,A verb-ed phrase can be a verb-ed on its own. It can also be followed by an object and/or adverbial.,1),She left the restaurant,disappointed,.,2),She left the restaurant,disappointed with the bad service.,3),Heated, water changes into steam.,4),The girl was sent to the hospital, seriously,injured,.,5),The girl was sent to the hospital, seriously,injured in the car accident.,2.,Passive verb-ed phrases can express,time,reason,and,condition,. We can use,adverbial clauses,(,状语从句,) to rewrite the phrases.,1),time,Seen,from the hill, the park looks very beautiful.,When the park is seen,from the hill, it looks very beautiful.,When,completed, the museum will be open to the public.,When it is completed, the museum will be open to the public.,Once,seen, it can never be forgotten.,Once it is seen, it can never be forgotten.,2),reason,Frightened,by the thunder and lightning in the night, the girl did not dare sleep alone in her own room.,Because she was frightened,by the thunder and lightning in the night, the girl did not dare sleep alone in her own room.,Lost,in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.,Because he was lost,in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.,3),condition,Given,more time, we could do it much better.,If we were given,more time, we could do it much better.,Unless,invited,to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.,Unless,you are invited,to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.,Compared,with other professors, she was an excellent speaker.,(,=,If she was compared with other professors.),3.,Understood subject(,逻辑主语,),1),The understood subject is usually the same as the subject of the main clause. (,refer to the above sentences,),2),When verb-ed is used as,adverbial,(,状语,) or,predicative,(,表语,), its understood subject is the subject of the main sentence.,She became,discouraged,at the news.,3),动词,ed,形式作定语时,它的逻辑主语是被它修饰的名词，它和名词之间是被动关系。,The first textbooks,written,for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.,4),verb,ed,形式在句中作宾语补足语或主语补足语时，它的逻辑主语是句子的主语或宾语,它们之间的关系是被动关系。,Vivien got her fingers,trapped,in the bicycle chain.,(trapped,的逻辑主语是句子的宾语,fingers,),The valuable vase was found,stolen,.,(stolen,的逻辑主语是句子的主语,vase,),We got home only to find the whole house,turned upside down,. Thieves obviously had broken in.,(turned up side down,的逻辑主语是句子的宾语,house,),Key to Exercise A,2.Encouraged by her teachers, Suzie did well at school.,3.Inspired by his grandfather, the child wrote more poems.,4.Bored by the game, the dog will not play any more.,Verb-,ing,and verb-ed used as adjectives,Read the instructions on the book and finish the following exercises to choose the correct words from the brackets.,People have always been _(interested/ interesting) in finding out about world records.,interested,Hugh Beaver went to interview the two brothers and found their knowledge _(amazed/amazing),amazing,After being told several times,Mr,Smith still felt _ (puzzled/puzzling) and did not know what to do.,puzzled,The film Pearl Harbor is really_ (excited/,exciting).,exciting,His response to the question was quite_,(disappointed/disappointing).,disappointing,Key to Exercise B,(1),tired,(2),burnt,(3),bored,(4),disappointing,(5),pleased,(6),challenging,(7),relaxed,Homework,Finish Parts C1 and C2 on page 108 in Workbook.,Thank you,更多资源,
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