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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Daniel Defoe,1,Adventure Fiction Writer,:,Daniel Defoe,(1660-1731),Journalist ,Merchant,Politician, Publicist,British novelist, known as the father of English Novel,2,Brief Introduction,Born into a middle class family in London.,saw the emerging power of middle classes & the power of money & the significance of economic power,knew 7 languages well,a nonconformist,The Trueborn,Englishman,He has been regarded as the discoverer of the modern novel,1678-1683 traveled in many countries as a merchant (Spain, Italy, France, Germany),In 1692 became bankrupt.,In 1701became the best known pamphleteer,1719,Robinson Crusoe,was publishedmarked new period in his literary career.,3,The Father of English novel,Defoe was one of the first to write stories about believable characters in realistic situations,using simple prose,1719,20,Robinson Crusoe,鲁宾逊飘流记,1720,Captain Singleton,辛格顿船长,1722,A Journal of the Plague Year,大疫年日记,1722,Moll Flanders,莫尔弗兰德斯,1722,Colonel Jack,杰克上校,1724,Roxana,罗克萨那,4,Writing Features,Language is smooth, easy, colloquial and mostly vernacular-,common English,.,One of the first to write stories about believable characters in realistic situations using simple prose.,Defoe glorifies,human labor,and,the puritan,fortitude,. It refers the enterprising spirit of the middle class.,organizing minute details in such a,vivid way,that his stories could be both,credible and fascinating.,Sentences are sometimes short ,crisp and plain, and sometimes long and rambling, which leave the reader an,impression of casual narration.,5,Many factions representing different interests appeared in England. The literature of the age was at times dominated by these contending factions.,Enlightenment,sprang into life.,The rise of the English novel and famous novelists.,The Historical Background,-after the revolution of 1688,6,The,Enlightenment,: the period in the 18th century when many writers and scientists began to argue that,science and reasons,were more important than,religion and tradition,.,Enlightenment Movement is also an expression of struggle to the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The purpose of the movement was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical & artistic ideas.,The Enlightenment,7,The Features of Defoe,s works,an anti-feudal, anti-romantic realistic writer.,Most of his works are in picaresque,以歹徒为题材的,tradition, tracing the wandering life of the hero or heroine,His fictional works have a strong verisimilitude,逼真,可能性,.,a very good storyteller,His sentences are sometimes short, crisp and plain, but sometimes long and rambling,杂乱无章的, which leave on the reader an impression of casual narration,8,The Rise of the English Novel,The modern European novel began after the,Renaissance, with Cervantess Don Quixote(1605-1615).The modern English novel began in two countries in the late 18th century.,The rise and growth of,the realistic novel,is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature, which has given the world such novelists as,Defoe, Swift, Richardson, Fielding, Smollett,and,Sterne,. They lived in a period of rapid growth of,capitalism,.,9,The eighteenth century was the,golden,age,of the (English) novel. The novel of this period spoke the truth about life with an uncompromising courage. The novelists of this period understood that ,the job of a novelist was to tell the truth about life as he saw it,. This explains the achievement of the English novel in the 18th century.,The Rise of the English Novel,10,Defoes Robinson Crusoe,is one of the,forerunners,of the English realistic novel,.,It created the image of an enterprising,Englishman, typical of,the English bourgeoisie,in the 18th century,It based on the experience of Alexander Selkirk, a sailor,Juan Fernandez,who marooned by his captain on the Island off the coast of Chile.,Robinson Crusoe,11,A real,hero,-best qualities: marvellous, capacity for work, energetic and persistence in overcoming obstacles,A representative of the,English bourgeoisie,at the earlier stages of its development,A role of a,master, colonization,He is the very prototype of the,empire builder, the,pioneer colonist,. In describing Robinsons life on the island, Defoe glorifies,human labor,and the,Puritan fortitude,Robinson Crusoe,12,Theme:,-,The Ambivalence of Mastery,-The Necessity of Repentance,-The Importance of Self-Awareness,Robinson Crusoe,13,Famous sentences,So long as I also can delimit the water, I am not willing to be drown to death, so long as I also can stand, I am not willing to drop down ,只要我还能划水，我就不肯被淹死，只要我还能站立，我就不肯倒下。,Scornful contempt for all human virtues, the more innocent the higher status by defamation,美德藐视人间的一切讥嘲，清白愈受到诽谤身份愈高。,If you have to respect the truth, pain,is expected in the back,假如你要尊重真理，就要预期在腹背受难。,The best of men cannot suspend their fate: The good die early, and the bad die late,最好的人也必须面对死亡：往往是好人不长命，坏人活千年,.,。,14,Thank you!,15,