资源描述
Click to edit Master text styles,Second level,Third level,Fourth level,Fifth level, SAP 2007 / Page,*,Click to edit Master title style,按库存生产,SAP Best Practices Baseline Package,(,中国,),SAP Best Practices,业务情景概览, 1,用途,本业务情景描述以批量生产为导向的典型业务流程,该业务情景以按库存生产方式,(MTS),生产成品以及所有相关组件,此外，一些必要的主要成本对象控制功能（例如，初期成本核算和期末结算）均为此业务情景提供了支持,优点,生产计划触发生产,包含序列号和批次管理,可选的：质量管理、寄售库存和外部加工,用途和优点：,2,业务情景概览, 2,SAP enhancement package 4 for SAP ERP 6.0,生产计划员,生产主管,车间主任,仓库文员,策略计划员,工程专家,创建计划独立需求,工厂级别的物料需求计划,内部生产（装配组件,/,半成品）,内部最终装配（成品）,能力均衡,确认装配完成,处理流程中涉及的公司角色：,包含的关键处理流程：,需要的,SAP,应用程序：,3,业务情景概览, 3,按库存生产,离散行业,本业务情景描述以批量生产为导向的典型业务流程,此生产业务情景包括了从货物移动（发货和收货）一直到生产订单完成后的报工。,另外，此业务情景也提供支持主,要成本对象控,制的功能，例,如，初期成本核算和期末,结算,计,划流程以销售数量计划开始。上一期间的实际销售数字可用作未来计划的,基础,在销售和运营计划中，为了确保生,产数量与,销,售数量保,持一致，可以创建与销,售计划同,步的生产计划。计划数据将从销售和运营计划传输到需求,管理器。,需求管,理器生成计划独立需,求，它们将用于后续的物料需求计划,(MRP),在物料需求计划中,，根据对成品的需求量， 展开成品的物料清单,(BOM),，逐层计算， 直至最底层需采购组件的需求数量。 最,后,MRP,将为待生产的物料生成计划,订单,如果可,用库,存不足，则创建所需原材料的采购申请。在创,建生产订,单时，将计算订单批量的目标成本（初期成本核,算）,在生产过程中，所发生的成本会在订单中不断更新，允许跟踪目标成本并随时将目标成本与实际成本进行,比较,将期末结算活动应用,于生产订,单。其中包括在制品计算和差额,计算,此后，在制品将结算到财务会计，而生产差额将结算到管理和财务,会计,详细过程描述：,4,处理流程图,按库存生产,离散行业,制造,事件,车间管理员,期末结算,(181),工厂范围内的物料需求计划和评估,计划周期开始,采购申请,MRP,清单,标准成本的库存,生产计划员,定期计划修订,下达生产订单,能力均衡,计划订单的备料,生产订单完工确认,/,最终确认,半成品收货,发货,/,反冲,更新生产计划,收货单,拣配清单,订单打印,计划订单,能力是否满足？,物料是否可用？,采购员,仓库,管理员,收货单,含质检的库存物料采购,(127),寄售库存的采购和消耗,(139),策略,计划者,创建计划独立需求,将计划订单转换为生产订单,标准成本的库存消耗,无质检的采购,(130),成品收货,MM,转包,(138),PP -,转包（外部加工）,(150),否,是,否,是,后勤计划,(144),1,5,处理流程图,按库存生产,离散行业,生产主管,1,查询订单作业,事件,6,图例,图表连接,硬拷贝,/,凭证,实际财务,预算计划,手动处理,现有版本,/,数据,系统批准,/,拒绝的决策,功能,SAP,外部,业务活动,/,事件,单位处理,处理参考,子处理参考,处理决策,7,转换,已计划的订单,相关需求,预留,仓库,物料需求计划,物料需求计划,- MRP,独立计划需求,生产订单,8,备选的成品计划策略,策略,净需求计划,(10),含最终装配的计划,(40),传递到生产的客户需求,否,是,这意味着,. .,.,销售订单未对生产造成影响,.,超出计划独立需求的销售订单可对生产造成影响,.,主要目标是确保平稳生产,.,这里最重要的因素是对客户需求的灵活反应的能力,在销售订单处理期间已分配和减少的计划独立需求,否,是,针对交货在发货时减少的计划独立需求,是,否,9,工作中心,工作中心：装配,工艺路线,成本核算,计划和能力,1010,-,2150,-,3160,-,工艺路线缺省值,成本核算数据,计划的数据,能力数据,10,工艺路线工作中心,/,工序,工艺路线抬头,工序,10,：最终装配,物料组件,工作中心,控制码,标准值,活动类型,描述,.,11,单个转换,单个转换,计划订单,生产订单,汇总转换,集中转换,计划订单转换,生产订单,计划订单,12,指定订单类型,定义订单项目,复制工艺路线,按提前期排产,复制物料,可选的更改,保存生产订单,2008,年,1,月,25,日星期五,2008,年,7,月,15,日,星期二,需求计划,手工创建,可用性检查,自动创建,可选的（定制）,创建生产订单,13,订单建议,（计划订单）,订单创建,可用性,检查,订单下达和组件的批次确定,订单结算,订单抬头,工序,组件,成本,20,50,100,物料准备,收货,生产订单处理,生产订单,确认,14,货物移动,物料凭证,会计凭证,工序,物料组件,生产订单,成本,更新库存数量,更新库,存价值,可对物料进行批,次控制,货物移动,仓库,物料,15,物料,凭证,会计,凭证,更新库存数量,更新库,存价值,减少预留,计算实际成本并,更新,订单,发货,发货过帐,16,订单确认,.,手工输入,生产订单确认,生产订单,工序,0010,工序,0020,工序,0030,工序,. . . .,17,l,成本核算变式,显示计划,/,实际成本,l,成本要素,l,成本项目明细,l,成本组件分解,计划成本,计划成本,物料成本,外部采购成本,生产成本,物料间接费用成本,生产间接费用成本,外部处理成本,成本要素,成本要素,：,：,资源,资源,成本计算,日志,l,标识“与成本相关,”,l,价格,物料,物料组件,订单,订单,类型,类型,/,工厂,/,工厂,生产订单,-,初期成本核算,l,常规,工序值,标准,值,控制代码“成本核算标识”,l,l,l,用于成本核算的公式代码,成本中心,活动类型,公式常数,l,l,l,阶段,18,生产订单成本,间接费用计算,-,工作中心,-,标准值,-,数量,-,成本中心,-,活动类型,-,公式,-,活动类型,工序,内部活动成本,物料成本,生产订单的成本,-,数量,-,价格,工作中心,成本中心,物料组件,-,期间,活动成本,19,订单,状态,已预下达或下达,已部分交货,已最终交货或技术性完成,差额,交货,成本,实际成本,WIP,实际成本,=,WIP,实际成本,=,-,交货,成本,=,-,预下达,已下达,部分交货,最终交货,TECO,基于批次的成本对象控制中的,WIP,计算和差额计算,实际成本,实际成本,20,物料,600,产品成本计算,批量,1,件,CO-,PC,生产订单,Mat. F126,800,1.200,400,2.400,-2.000,400,物料,生产,附加费,收货,差额,实际成本,CO-PC,物料主数据,标准价格,= 2000,目标版本,0,价格,150,数量,150,结构,100,废品,0,批量,0,生产,1100,附加费,300,仓库,价格差异,财务会计,2000,400,结算,FI,CO-PA,订单结算（示例）,21, 2010 SAP AG. All rights reserved.,No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express permission of SAP AG. The information contained herein may be changed without prior notice.,Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors.,Microsoft, Windows, Excel, Outlook, and PowerPoint are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.,IBM, DB2, DB2 Universal Database, System i, System i5, System p, System p5, System x, System z, System z10, System z9, z10, z9, iSeries, pSeries, xSeries, zSeries, eServer, z/VM, z/OS, i5/OS, S/390, OS/390, OS/400, AS/400, S/390 Parallel Enterprise Server, PowerVM, Power Architecture, POWER6+, POWER6, POWER5+, POWER5, POWER, OpenPower, PowerPC, BatchPipes, BladeCenter, System Storage, GPFS, HACMP, RETAIN, DB2 Connect, RACF, Redbooks, OS/2, Parallel Sysplex, MVS/ESA, AIX, Intelligent Miner, WebSphere, Netfinity, Tivoli and Informix are trademarks or registered trademarks of IBM Corporation.,Linux is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the U.S. and other countries.,Adobe, the Adobe logo, Acrobat, PostScript, and Reader are either trademarks or registered trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated in the United States and/or other countries.,Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation.,UNIX, X/Open, OSF/1, and Motif are registered trademarks of the Open Group.,Citrix, ICA, Program Neighborhood, MetaFrame, WinFrame, VideoFrame, and MultiWin are trademarks or registered trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc.,HTML, XML, XHTML and W3C are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.,Java is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.,JavaScript is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape.,SAP, R/3, SAP NetWeaver, Duet, PartnerEdge, ByDesign, Clear Enterprise, SAP BusinessObjects Explorer, and other SAP products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and other countries.,Business Objects and the Business Objects logo, BusinessObjects, Crystal Reports, Crystal Decisions, Web Intelligence, Xcelsius, and other Business Objects products and services mentioned herein as well as their respective logos are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP France in the United States and in other countries.,All other product and service names mentioned are the trademarks of their respective companies. Data contained in this document serves informational purposes only. National product specifications may vary.,The information in this document is proprietary to SAP. No part of this document may be reproduced, copied, or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without the express prior written permission of SAP AG.,This document is a preliminary version and not subject to your license agreement or any other agreement with SAP. This document contains only intended strategies, developments, and functionalities of the SAP product and is not intended to be binding upon SAP to any particular course of business, product strategy, and/or development. Please note that this document is subject to change and may be changed by SAP at any time without notice.,SAP assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions in this document. SAP does not warrant the accuracy or completeness of the information, text, graphics, links, or other items contained within this material. This document is provided without a warranty of any kind, either express or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or non-infringement.,SAP shall have no liability for damages of any kind including without limitation direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages that may result from the use of these materials. This limitation shall not apply in cases of intent or gross negligence.,The statutory liability for personal injury and defective products is not affected. SAP has no control over the information that you may access through the use of hot links contained in these materials and does not endorse your use of third-party Web pages nor provide any warranty whatsoever relating to third-party Web pages.,22,
展开阅读全文