英语应用文写作格式及内容

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,写作应试技巧,写作部分的比分占总分的,15%,，测试时间为,15,分钟。对大多学生来说，写作是一难点。因此，考生该部分的得分一般都不高。,为了使考生熟悉考试写作体裁，掌握写作方法，提高写作能力，根据,基本要求,和,考试大纲,，下面就高等学校英语应用能力考试可能涉及到的题材及写作方法一一进行分析和讲解。,便条,(NOTES),一、题型分析,便条在我们的日常生活中随处可见，往往内容涉及信息性较强，所以要求考生用简单的语言完整地传递信息。若是有关道歉内容，考生应言之有理，动之以情。,二、应试技巧,1,、正确运用格式,便条的写作格式同普通信笺的格式大体一致，包括写作时间，称呼，正文，结束语和具名五部分。但在传递感谢内容的信息与单纯的通俗信息时，写作时间可以不具。,2,、正文写作应注意的技巧,写作正文是应注意以下四点：,（,1,）使用非正式的，通俗的语言。,（,2,）不要将写作人与称呼混淆。,（,3,）单词或词组使用的准确性。,（,4,）用委婉语气，商量的口吻向别人建议，道歉，邀请，询问，感谢，以期 对方接受。,3,、正确运用如下常用的语句,（,1,）通俗信息便条：,There /Here is,I have/got,（,2,）约会信息便条：,Could/Would/Will you,Id like to ,（,3,）感谢便条：,Thank you (very much) for,Many thanks for,I am writing to thank you for,I am writing to express my appreciation of all that ,I am writing to tell you how grateful I am for ,（,4,）道歉便条：,Im so/terribly/extremely sorry that ,I would like to express my apologies for,（,5,）邀请便条：,Would you like to ,Would it be possible for you to ,We should be very glad if you could,（,6,）请求，询问便条：,Would you please,I would like to ,I would be grateful if you could,We would appreciate doing,三,、范文分析,Dear liu,I have something important to tell you, please call me at 8 tonight.,Wang,这是一张通俗的信息便条，,Wang,有重要的事情要告诉,Liu ,希望,Liu,与自己联系。该便条很明显没有写作时间和结束语。前面我们提到过单纯的通俗信息与感谢信息的传递不须注明写作时间，若非注不可，也就是即日，即收笺的那一日。,首句,I have,句式表明“我”有一些，很自然地，明确地引出信息内容。使用了有说服力的词如：,important,tell,等，突出表明了信息的重要性。,四,、练习,请以,Judy,的名义给,Jane,写一张便条，请,Jane,尽快把其工作计划告诉,Judy,。,Dear Jane,Please inform me as soon as possible your working plan. Thanks.,Judy,通知,(Notice),一,、题型分析,英文通知的格式与中文通知格式大体相同，这一点考生容易把握。其内容简单，具体，要求写明具体事项，以便告知相关人员。,二、应试技巧,1.,注意中，英通知的细微差别,和中文通知一样，英文通知由标题，正文，落款（或时间）三部分组成。标题写在正文上方正中的部位，常以,Notice,作标题。落款既发出通知的单位和时间写在正文右下角，有时发出通知的单位可以省略，时间也可写在单位名称下一行的左下角。,2.,书写正文时要注意的几点,（,1,）内容要简洁，清楚。例如，会议通知要写清时间，地点，出席人员，必要时还可以写明会议内容。,（,2,）多采用被动语态 ，人称用第三人称。如：,a. All the students of the Computer Department,are required to,meet,b. A lecture on linguistics,will be given,by Professor Xiao ,（,3,）为了能引起广泛的注意，正文起首常以“,ATTENTION”,字样或以“,Attention please”,开头。如：,ATTENTION, A visit to,（,4,）放假通知应写明放假天数及收假日期。如：,a. Tomorrow being National Day, there will be no work for seven days.,b. Work will be resumed on Oct. 8.,三、范文,Sample 1,通知,请学生会所有成员星期天晚七点半（三月十五日）到会议室开会，商讨有关运动会事宜。,学生会,2004.3.13,Notice,All the members of the Students Union are requested to meet in the department conference room on Sunday , March 15, at 7:30 p.m, to discuss the plan of the sports meet.,Students Union,March 13, 2004,四、练习,1.,请拟一张国庆节放七天假的通知。,2.,请以英语系办公室的名义拟一个组织教师去韶山参观的通知。,Notice,Tomorrow being National Day, there will be no work for 7 days. All the managers and workers are required to take part in the celebrations to be held in the conference room in our company on Tuesday, Oct1, at 8:00 a.m. Work will be resumed on Oct.8.,Office of General Manager,Sep.30,2004,Notice,Attention please, A visit to Shaoshan has been arranged for Saturday, March 20. The teachers who wish to go, please gather at the college gate.,The bus is to leave at 6:00 a.m sharp.,The English Department Office,March 18, 2004,请假条（,Asking for Sick Leave or Business Leave,）,一、题型分析,在应用文能力考试中，请假条因篇幅短小，格式、内容较为容易掌握，故相对于推荐信、申请信等篇幅较长的应用文而言，其得分率要高，且该类型的应用文要求文体正式、语言得体，尤其是用礼貌的语言向领导讲述请假的理由。,二、应试技巧,1.,了解请假条的基本情况（内容）,请假条是便条的一种，主要用于因病或因重要事情向领导请示批准某一特定时间的假。根据其请假理由的不同，可把请假条分为病假条和事假条两种。但不管是那一种都应包括以下四部分内容：,(1),日期,日期通常应在正文右上角，因请假条涉及到的是最近时间内的事情，故可直接用几月，几日或星期几来表示，如,April 10,或,10 April,或,Thursday.,(2),称呼,称呼常用常规信中的称呼语，如,Dear, Mr , Professor , Dr ,等,.,(3),正文,正文是请假条的核心部分，主要涉及到请假原因，请假时间，结尾时需用一些表示感谢或请求批准的话语。切记理由要充分，在必要是应附上相应的证明。,(4),结束语的署名,结束语常用,yours faithfully,或,yours sincerely,或,yours truly,等。,2.,常用句型,(1),起首用语,请假条中起首句常用来说明请假原因或请假时间，常用句型如下：,Id like to apply for three days leave of absence, starting from , and finishing on ,I am writing to ask for sick leave of days, starting from to ,Im sorry I cant attend the meeting because/as,Owing to / As , I shall be unable to ,(2),结尾常用语,请假条中结尾用语常用来表示感谢、请予批准等。常用句型如下：,I should be very obliged / grateful if you grant me the leave.,I hope you will grant me the leave.,Hoping you will excuse my non-attendance.,Ill certainly do my best to make up once / as soon as ,Now I enclose a Doctors Certificate / a medical certificate from / issued by the doctor.,Now I enclose the telegraph from my father.,三、范文 （事假条）,April 25,Dear Mr. Frick,As my brother is moving to Canada tomorrow, I shall be very much obliged if you will grant me my application for one days leave tomorrow.,Yours respectfully,Robin Ford,病假条,(English 2nd Year, Class B),April 4, 2004,(To Department office),Ms Smith,Owing to a severe headache, I shall be unable to attend classes today. I enclose a medical certificate from the doctor.,Hoping you will excuse my non-attendance.,Yours respectfully,Li Ming,四、练习,（,1,）以,Mary,的名义向,Professor John,写一张因病无法上课的请假条（注明缺漏的课日后补上）。,要求：不少于,30,词,（,2,）写一封因家父病重须回家探望，故请求给予三天假的请假条（注明起止时间）。,要求：,60,词左右。,April 4, 2004,Dear Professor John,Im sorry I cant come to your lecture today as I am running a fever. I should be very much obliged if you shall grant me the leave. Ill do my best to make up the lessons as soon as Im recovered.,Yours respectfully,Mary,April 4, 2004,Dear Manager,Id like to apply for three days leave, starting from the 13,th,to the 15,th,in order to return to my hometown to see my father, who is seriously ill these days.,I should be very much obliged if you grant me the leave. As to the duties to be missed during my absence, I shall do my best to make them up as soon as I get back.,Here I enclose a telegraph from my mother.,Yours faithfully,Wang Fang,邀请信（,A letter of Invitation,）,一、题型分析,该题型要求考生掌握正式和非正式的书信体邀请信的格式。它的内容应该完整、明确，语言简朴，态度热情。其复函即接受邀请或谢绝邀请也具有上述特点。,二、应试技巧,1,、注意不同场合的邀请信使用格式的不同,邀请信的正式程度由邀请者与被邀请者间的关系来决定。正式的邀请信的格式与普通书信的格式相同，由写信人的地址，日期， 收信人姓名及地址 、称呼 、正文 、结束语 、及署名七个部分组成。而用于熟悉朋友间的非正式邀请信则可省略写信人的地址，收信人姓名及地址，称呼也可随便些。邀请信复函的格式和正式程度的邀请信相同。,2,、正文要求写清的几个方面,（,1,） 邀请信的正文,a),直截了当地提出邀请并指出时间（年，月，日，钟点），场地，场合。,b),请对方确认或表示期待对方接受邀请。,（,2,）表示接受邀请的复函的正文,感激对方的邀请（有时可省略）。,表示接受邀请并确认时间，地点，场合。,表达愉快的期盼之情。,（,3,）表示谢绝邀请的复函的正文,感激对方的邀请。,明确谢绝并给出合理的原因。,3.,灵活运用邀请信及复函中常用的语句,I should be delighted / pleased if you could come to ,Would / Could you come to ,I shall be happy to accept,It was thoughtful of you to ,Thank you for your invitation to ,We look forward to seeing you again.,(3) Please accept my sincere regret at ,Unfortunately , it will be impossible for me to ,What a shame ! We cant ,三、范文,April 10, 2005,Dear Peter,Would you like to come to my place to have dinner with me on Sunday, April 15, at 8:00 p.m. ?,I havent seen you for a long time and Im looking forward to seeing you soon.,Yours,Lucy,以上是,Lucy,写给,Peter,的一封共进晚餐的邀请信。由于是非正式场合，省略了写信人地址，收信人姓名及地址，正文开头提出了邀请，并讲明了具体的时间，地点,(on Sunday, April 15, at 8:00 p.m., my place ),。最后表达了热切的期盼之情,(looking forward to seeing you soon),。,April 12, 2005,Dear Lucy,Thank you for your kind invitation to dinner at your place on Sunday, April 15, at 8:00 p.m. I do accept it with great pleasure. It seems quite a long time since we met last.,Im looking forward to seeing you.,Yours,Peter,以上是,Peter,表示接受邀请而写的一封回信。正文开头对邀请表示感激，并确认了时间，地点。接着明确表示乐意接受邀请,(I do accept it with great pleasure),。最后表示了热切盼望那一天的到来。此信的关键是要写明接受邀请，而不能出现 “,Ill accept if Im free”,这类模棱两可的句子。,April 12, 2005,Dear Lucy,Thank you for your kind invitation to dinner at your place, but Im sorry that I have to decline it. Ill visit my former teacher that day.,I do hope to see you when Im free.,Yours,Peter,这是一封,Peter,因故不能出席的谢绝邀请信。同样，正文开头表达了被邀请的谢意。接着明确地谢绝邀请并解释了原因,(but Im sorry that I have to decline it. I;ll visit my former teacher that day),。此处用到的套语有：,Thank you very much for your kind invitation to ,Im sorry that ,四、练习,按下列要求写一封邀请信及复函：,1.,以,Wang Li,的名义给他的朋友,Li Min,写一封邀请信，请他五一劳动节期间来 杭州游玩。,2.,以,Li Min,的名义写一封接受邀请信。,3.,因,Li Min,在这期间要去广东考察工作单位而谢绝邀请，请以,Li Min,的名义写 一封谢绝信。,April 20,2005,Dear Li Min,It is really a long time since I saw you last. I miss you so much. Would you like to come to Hangzhou during International Labour Day?,Hangzhou is a beautiful city. There are quite a lot of places of interest and shopping places. Youre welcome to stay as long as you like and Id like to be your guide.,Im really looking forward to seeing you again. If you would tell me the time of your arrival, Ill meet you at the railway station.,Yours,Wang Li,April 20, 2005,Dear Wang Li,Thank you for your kind invitation, Im really pleased to meet you in Hangzhou, but now I cant decide specifically when I will arrive in Hangzhou, however,once I make a specific decision, I will notify you by telephone.,I hope we can meet earlier.,Yours,Li Min,April 20, 2005,Dear Wang Li,Thank you very much for your kind invitation to visit Hangzhou. We really havent seen each other for a long time. But I really feel regret that I cant come. I have to go go Guangzhou those days, you know Ill graduate this July, so I must go to visit the place where I will work.,Ill write to you when I get back.,Yours,Li Min,请求信,(A Letter of Request),正文要写清楚如下几点：,1.,可以开门见山地提出请求，但语气要有礼貌。,2.,简明扼要地解释提出请求的原因。,3.,无论结果如何，都向对方致谢，但客套语不宜过多。,灵活运用常用于请求的语句,(1) I wish to ,I want to,Wed like to ,I would ask you to,(2) We would feel obliged ,I should feel grateful for , will be greatly appreciated,范文：,No.3 Huangxing Road,Changsha, 410006,April 20, 2005,Admission Office,Nanjing University,Nanjing, 210008,Dear Sir,I want to pursue a ph.D at your university. My intended of entrance is Autumn 2005. Your sending me application forms at your earliest convenience will be greatly appreciated.,Sincerely yours,Li Mei,练习,给某电脑公司的销售部经理写一封请求信，请求他给你寄该公司当天在,北,京周末报,广告中的家用电脑的详尽说明。,130 Baihai Road,Shanghai, 200030,April 20, 2005,Sales Manager,Xinnan Computer Company,No. 2 Leping Street,Beijing, 100082,Dear Sir,Im interested in the personal computers which are advertised in todays,Beijing Weekend.,I want very much to get the information about the various computers that you have.,I should feel much obliged if you will kindly send me some details of your computers.,Yours faithfully,Wang Lin,求职信,(A Letter of Application),正文要写清以下四个方面的内容,具体指出所寻求的职位。,描述自己受教育的程度、以前的工作业绩和工作能力。,提供至少两个证明人及其联系地址和电话，放在“个人简历”中列出，否则在正文中体现。,请求对方给予面试的机会。,灵活运用求职信中常用的语句,I would like to apply for the position ,This is an application for the position ,I wish to apply for the position ,Please let me know if you want an interview.,Can we arrange an interview at your convenience?,I shall be much obliged if you will accord me an opportunity interview.,Im looking forward to hear from you shortly.,I hope to hear from you soon.,范文,140 Weymouth Street Charlottetown,Price Edward Island,Canada CIA 4z2,April 20, 2005,Personnel Director,Macro Engineering Co.,600 Deepdale Drive,Toronto, Ontario,M5W 4R9,Dear Sir,I would like to apply for the senior position in your first-class standard Laboratory advertised in your advertisement. I graduated from Pacifi Rim College in 1998 and got a B.S degree in Electrical Engineering.,After Graduation I have been working at the Engineering Laboratory of Pacific Rim College and have got much experience, and I trust Im qualified to fill your position.,Im enclosing my CV and looking forward to hearing from you shortly.,Yours Sincerely,Alex Gawin,练习,根据下列招聘广告写一封求职信，字数不少于,80,个。,The Representative office of an oversea manufacturing company is looking for an EXECUTIVE SECRETARY to assist General manager in his job, the person should be able to do the filing, take shorthand,deal with paperwork and correspondence in English, organize meetings and communicate with clients. Computer knowledge is a must preferably with technical background at least 3 years experience.,No.110 Shaoshan Road,Changsha 410006,Hunan,May 10, 2005,Personnal Director,Oversea Manufacturing Company,in Shanghai,120 Beihai Road,Shanghai 20040,Dear Sir,I wish to apply for the position as executive secretary in your company advertised in yesterdays,Guangming Daily,. Since my graduation in 2000 from Hunan University with a B.S degree in Public Administration & service, I have been working as the General Managers executive secretary of a manufacturing company in Guangzhou and have got quite a lot of experience. Besides professional knowledge, I have a good command of computer and English. Im sure I can fill your position.,Im enclosing my CV and looking forward to hear from you shortly.,Yours faithfully,Chen Ming,慰问信,(Letters of Consolation),恰当选用如下常见句型,开头常用的有：,I was shocked / saddened / distressed / grieved to hear that ,It was a great / profound shock to hear,We have just heard / learned with profound sorrow / regret the sad tragic news (of) ,I just cant tell you how sad I am (to hear of) ,We want to offer our deepest / May I express my most heartfelt sympathy at the loss of ,(2),结尾常用的有：,Please accept our very sincere / heartfelt condolence / consolation in your great loss.,We hope our caring will make your sorrow easier to bear.,We hope that time well ease the sorrow of your recent loss.,May our sympathy and consolation help to comfort you.,Our thoughts are with you in this time of sorrow.,May your memories be a source of comfort.,If we can be of any help, please dont hesitate to let us know.,正文部分注意的三个方面,（,1,）尊重对方的感情，表达慰问的主题。,（,2,）语言要简洁。,（,3,）表示愿意提供帮助。,避免错误的文化迁移,中国学生受本族文化的影响，在写慰问信时往往发生错误的文化迁移，常使用类似这样的句子：,“,There,is nothing anyone can say at a time like this .”,“Words cannot express our feelings.”,或“,We dont know what to say at this time.”,这类话是极不应该出现的，它们显得似乎有意拉长一个表达悲伤的简短句子，而在对方需要帮助是有无能为力。,范文：,May 20, 2005,My dear Margaret,Today I heard of the passing away of your father, for whom I had the greatest admiration and regard. I know the suddenness of it must have been a dreadful shock, and I will miss your father, as you will.,May your memories be a source of comfort. Please know,Margaret, that my heart and my thoughts are with you and your family. I wish I could do something to soften your grief.,Affectionately,Mary,练习：,你（,Harriet,）的同事,Mrs. Corbin,不幸在一次撞车事故中受伤，伤势不重。请你代表全校教职工写一封慰问信。（字数不得少于,80,个）。,参考答案：,May 20, 2004,Dear Mrs. Corbin,I feel I simply must write this note and tell you how much you are in the hearts and minds of everyone in school.,We were greatly shocked and saddened to hear the news of crash, but we were grateful, too, that your injuries were not worse. We will miss you, but dont concern yourself with your work here, we will take care of it for you.,The affection and best wishes of the entire school are with you , and everyone is hoping for your quick and complete recovery.,Sincerely yours,Harriet,投诉信,(A Letter of Complaint),投诉信的特点：,投诉信作为一中私人信件，主要是指日常生活中，人们因产品质量或对服务质量不满等原因而写的以求得问题解决的信，其主要内容包括：,（,1,）投诉内容,主要指投诉实物名称或抽象的服务态度等。,（,2,）投诉原因,主要指投诉内容出了何种问题。,（,3,）希望得到的结果,主要是指向被投诉的单位或个人求得解决问题的办法或希望返回其所付出的所有代价。,2,。 掌握常用句型或语句,（,1,）常用开头语句,I,m writing to you about the bed which I bought from your shop three days ago.,I,m sorry to complain of the bad quality of,/ the poor service of,I choose to complain to you about,because I,m sure you will be able to have the problem solved.,(2),表述原因的句型,When we/I checked, we/I noticed/found, it did not work properly.,As you will realize, I was extremely upset to discover all this.,(3),结尾常用语句,Please let us/me know what you intend to do in this matter.,Im returning under/ by separate post.,Im looking forward to receiving a full refund of 500 yuan.,Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.,范文：,May 20, 2005,Dear sir,I have written two letters telling you that my telephone has been out of order for a few days, but I havent heard from you ever since. Now it is hard to get a connection, what is worse, it is ringing like mad every now and then. This causes us not only much inconvenience but also a lot of trouble.,Hoping that the matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.,Yours sincerely,Li Fang,道歉信,(A Letter of Apology),正文：,（,1,）以道歉的语句开头。,（,2,）清晰明了地给出一个令人信服的理由。,（,3,）请求对方接受你的道歉。,2,。常用于道歉信的语句。,(1) I,m terribly sorry for,I,m awfully sorry that,I,m very sorry to,I regret that,I regret to say that,Please accept my apology for,Youll accept my apology, wont you?,I should be much obliged if you will please excuse me.,I hope you will accept my apology.,范文：,July 2, 2005,Dear Alison,I must apologize to you that I have lost the pen you lent me last Monday, I looked wherever I might have put it, but I just couldnt find it, I know it was a gift from your aunt, Im going to buy a new one for you, Im really sorry for being so careless, youll accept my apology, wont you?,Yours,Jim,借据和收条,(IOU and Receipt),固定表达：,I,O,U,Borrowed from,for,Received of/ from,2.,范文,May 20, 2005,To Mr. John,IOU three thousand yuan only (RMB) , to be paid within three months from this date with interest at six per annum.,Liu Li,April 20, 2005,Received from the English Department the sum of eight hundred US dollars (US $800), being my salary for the month of April ,2005.,K.Grace,证明（,Certificate,）,范文：,June 1, 2005,To whom it may concern,This is to certify that Miss Liu Ning has been employed in our company as a typist for the past five years and has been working to our complete satisfaction. She has faithfully attended to her duties and has proved herself to be industrious and thoroughly reliable. Now she is leaving as we have no further need of her service. Any inquiries regarding her will be answered.,Yours faithfully,Shao Qiang,Director of the office,简历,(Resume),简历应该包括以下几个方面的内容：,个人资料：姓名，性别，详细地址，邮编，电子邮件，国籍等。,受教育情况：就读学校的名称和地址，学习的其止时间，突出与目前求职的工作有关的课程。,个人经历：列出所有曾从事的工作，包括专职和兼职工作，乃至假期临时性的工作。,附件：包括权威人士的证明信，或推荐信，或者说明附件备索。,Resume,Wang Mingda,1200 Sichuan Road, Chengdu,Sichuan 610000,The Peoples Republic of China,Job objective: a position as a computer programmer,Experience: Programming_Skill ed in computer programming.,Analysis _ Developed skill in analyzing flow,charts, programs, and systems procedures.,Organization _ Highly organized with,demonstrated leadership skill in,coordinating and motivating team members.,Human Relations _ Able to work well with people,work hard and make significant,contributions to an organization.,Education: Bachelor of science, Chongqing University, 1994.,Minor Computer Science,Work History:,Foreign Language:,Personal Data: Date of Birth:,Place of Birth: Chengdu ,Sichuan province,Marital Status: Single,Health: Excellent,Interests: Sports, theatre, reading,Reference: Available upon request,Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing . You are required to write a proper letter to reply to a job applicant (,回复求职信,) according to the following information given in Chinese. You should write your letter in the Composition Sheet.,写信日期：,2005,年,5,月,15,日,写 信 人： 杨 柳（人事部经理）,地 址： 重庆市中山路,25,号金鹏宾馆,收 信 人： 陈 伟,内 容： 回复陈伟（,5,月,10,日）应聘宾馆服务部经理一职的来信。通知陈伟于（,5,月,22,日）（星期二）上午,9,：,00,来饭店人事部面试，并请他来信或电话确认能否参加面试。,联系电话：,68816531,Word for Reference:,人事部经理,personal manager,服务部,service department ,确认,confirm,May 15, 2005,Dear Mr. Chen Wei,Thank you for your letter of May 10 in which you applied for the post of Manager of the Service Department in our hotel.,Id like to invite you to attend an interview at 9:00 a.m. on May 22 (Tuesday) at the Personnel Office. Could you please confirm our presence for the interview either in writing or by telephone (68816531).,Im looking forward to meeting you.,Yours sincerely,Yang Liu,Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing . You are required to write two brief memos (,备忘录,) according to the following information given in Chinese. Yo