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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高考新题型,之,概要写作,S,u,m,m,a,r,y,what the summary writing is,the,criteria,of a good summary,how to write a good summary,1,2,3,5,After this class, I hope you will know:,普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明,概要写作：,提供一篇,350,词以内,的短文，要求考生基于该短文,写出一篇,60,词左右的,内容概要。（满分,25,分）,评分原则,本题总分为,25,分，,分,5,个档次给分,Narration,（记叙文）,Exposition,（说明文）,Forms of Literature,Argumentation (,议论文）,Argumentation,(,议论文）,Topic,Supporting ideas,Conclusion,There is,nothing fixed,about,attitudes to dirt,Step 1:,Read,topic sentence:,In what order,does the passage develop to,show the different “attitudes”?,(,para1),Getting rid of,dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing.,However, there is,nothing fixed,about attitudes to dirt.,(Para 2 )In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular dangerwas thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. Sodid the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirtin a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken abath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out. (Para 3)Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighborever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness havemoved beyond science since World War,. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far? (Para 4)Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, anAmerican immunologist (,免疫学家,), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immunesystem. And the latter position is gaining some ground.,There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt,topic sentence (in para1),supporting ideas (in para2-4),Find out the topic sentence of each paragraph,think, believe, consider, regard, argue, support, be convinced that, in ones opinion,from ones point of view,Para 2,: In the early 16th century, people thought that,dirt,on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular dangerwas thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. Sodid the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirtin a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken abath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.,Examples of some European countries,(Para 3) Though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighborever,since the 18th century,. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness havemoved beyond science since World War,. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?,(Para 4) Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely,nowadays.,Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, anAmerican immunologist (,免疫学家,), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immunesystem. And the latter position is gaining some ground.,Step 2:,Make,an outline,In the,16th century,since18th century,People,thought,that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease,has no longer been,regarded,as,cleaning away dirt is good to health,encourages,children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immunesystem,Step 3:,Rewrite,the sentences in other ways, There is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.,different, mixed, various,反义转换,opinions, views, ideas,同义词替换,Peoples attitudes to dirt,vary,in different times.,towards,句型转换,People,hold different opinions,towards dirt over time.,The attitudes to dirt,is not always the same., In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.,Have a try!, In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease.,think: believe, hold, consider, insist, argue,are convinced.,同义词替换,block out disease:,protect/keep away from illness;,One possible version:,In the 16,th,century, people believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.,. dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health.,wash off, get rid of,benefits, is beneficial to, contributes to,One possible version:,People began to,change their attitudes to,dirt about 200 years ago. People have been told that,washing dirt off,our body,is beneficial to,our health.,no longer been regarded,begin to change their attitudes to,ever since the 18th century,about 200years ago,Nowadays, encourages people to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.,One possible version:,Nowadays, people are encouraged to be exposed to the dirt to improve our immune system.,People are encouraged to,语态转换,be exposed to.,improve/help ones immune system,build up a strong immune system, People hold,mixed opinions,towards,dirt on our skin.,In the 16,th,century, people of some European countries, such as France, believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.,People began to change their attitudes to dirt more than 200 years ago. They have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy.,Nowadays, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.,However,Nevertheless/But/however,Add two linking words to make the passage coherent,Step 4:,Make the summary,coherent,nowadays,Step 5:,Revise,( 67 words),People hold,mixed opinions,towards,dirt on our skin. In the 16,th,century, people of some European countries believed that dirt protected people from getting ill.,However,people began to change their attitudes to dirt about 200 years ago. They have been told that washing dirt off our body can keep us healthy,. But,nowadays, some scientists believe that exposure to some dirt may help our immune system.,4 “C” : complete, correct,concise, coherent,How to write a summary(argumentation),1.,Read,2.,Make,an outline,3.Rewrite,4.,Make it,coherent,5. Revise,6.,neatly,copy,-Topic , structure, key supporting sentences,Step 6: Clearly copy your draft to the paper,Homework,Finish the summary writing of Passage B,PPT,模板下载：行业,PPT,模板：,节日,PPT,模板：素材下载：,PPT,背景图片：图表下载：,优秀,PPT,下载：教程：,Word,教程： 教程：,资料下载：课件下载：,范文下载：试卷下载：,教案下载：,
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