变质在质量方面下降

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Lesson 7 Incoterms 2000,1,Commercial Terms,trade terms,trading practices,negotiable,EDI,customers clearance,dispatch,International Chamber of Commerce (ICC),roll on-roll off,Incoterms,negotiable transport document,2,Commercial Terms,FOB,CFR,CIF,EXW,FCA,FAS,CPT,CIP,DAF,DES,DEQ,DDU,DDP,3,degenerate:,(,from sth.into sth.),to decline in quality:,退化，变质在质量方面下降：,litigation,：,n.,诉讼,起诉,entail:,to have, impose, or require as a necessary accompaniment or consequence:,承担，伴随，需要施加或要求使成为必要的附属物或结果：,unitize,：,to make or transform into a single unit.,使变成一个单位,4,wagon,：,货车,c,onsolidate,:,to unite into one system or whole; combine:,合并把,联合起来或统一；合并：,render:,cause (sb/sth) to be in a certain condition,使（某人,/,某物）处于某种状态,compatible,：,capable of existing or performing in harmonious, agreeable, or congenial combination with another or others:,一致的；可和谐共存的；相容的,5,negotiable,：,transferable from one person to another by delivery or by delivery and endorsement,:,可转让的通过分送或认可从一人传送到另一人的：,whereby:,adv.,by which,靠那个，凭那个,premise,：,land and the buildings on it.,房屋及地基土地及在其上的建筑,assume:,to take upon oneself,:,自己承担：,6,dispatch:,to relegate to a specific destination or send on specific business.,派遣；发送送到特定的目的地或分派特定任务,set forth,v,.,阐明,宣布,提出,陈列,出发,把,(,会议等,),提前动身,formality:,正式手续,for the sake of:,为了,all the way,adv,.,从远道,自始至终,一路上,set out,：,摆出,陈列,布置,7,necessity and,purpose of having,Incoterms (1,3),amendments and,additions to,Incoterms(4,9),necessity (2),purpose (3),reason,four groups,obligations,charges,changes,risks (1),8,9,Packing is done according transportation requirement. In most cases, the seller knows clearly the packing needed to transport the goods safely to the destination.,In many cases, the buyer should be informed to arrange inspection of goods when the seller starts the transportation or prior to that time. Unless stipulated in the contract, the buyer must bear the cost of inspection for his owner benefit.,The importer can sell the goods being carried to a new buyer by means of negotiable transport documents, which are very convenient in reality.,10,This girl likes to put on the dog.,这个女孩喜欢摆阔气。,To put on the dog,就是摆排场给别人看。,大概一百多年以前，,一些有钱的人往往化很多钱去买一只稀有品种,的小狗来显示自己很有钱。一些阔太太们经常在,接待客人的时候把一只小狗抱在腿上来眩耀自己,的阔气。当时耶鲁大学的学生就创造了,to put,on the dog,这一说法来嘲笑那些暴发户,11,He got the wooden spoon in the competition.,他在比赛中得了最后一名。,wooden spoon,从字面意思来看，非常简单，就是,“,木质的勺子,”,，,但是人们往往用它的引申义,“,末等奖,”,。,这个引申义的来历可以追溯到,19,世纪早期英国剑桥,大学的奖励制度。当时，在剑桥大学有颁发勺子作为,奖品的惯例：金勺、银勺和铅勺。这是一种荣誉的象,征，在期末考试中获得前三名的学生分别被授予金、,银、铅勺，而木质的勺子则颁发给那些在考试中成绩,最差的学生。,12,let the cat out of the bag,。,从字面上来解释，,to let the cat out of the bag,它的意思是：让那只猫从口袋里出来。但是，它的实际意思是：,在不小心的情况下泻露了秘密。,13,The water plant is a lame duck,.,这家水厂是一个难以经营的企业。,Lame duck,这个短语很有趣，从字面上看意思是,“,跛足鸭,”,，鸭子走起路来本来就一摇三摆，再加上跛足，那更是举步维艰，一筹莫展了。因此，,Lame duck,的第一个意思就是：不能有效地做事的人或机构，不中用的人，经常带有贬义,. Lame duck,还有另一个意思是：任期将满的官员。,14,That dress fits Jean to a T.,那件衣服对琼再合适不过了。,to a T,精确地,to a T,这个短语非常简练其实这个短语的意思,是：,“,恰到好处地；精确地，丝毫不差地,”,15,