英汉笔译—转性译法课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,Transformation between Parts of Speech,Transformation between Parts o,1,“It is,impossible,to live in society and be,independent,of society.”,(,Lenin,),这是不可能的，生活于社会而独立于社会。,生活于社会而独立于社会是不可能的。,生于社会，,不能,脱离,社会。,transformation of adjective into verb,“It is impossible to live in s,2,Transformation,Definition: ,By transformation，we mean that in translation a word in one language belonging to a certain part of speech is,not necessarily to be turned into one of the same part of speech,in another language,. (,Eugene A.Nida,language,C,ulture and,T,ranslating,),Aim: aimed at seek,ing,equivalence,and,achieving the,maximal expressiveness,TransformationDefinition: By,3,Necessity for Transformation,Necessity for Transformation,4,Classification of Parts of Speech,Sameness,nouns,;,verbs,;,modifiers as adjectives or adverbs,;,forewords as prepositions and,conjunctions;,D,ifferences,articles,（冠词）,，relative pronouns,（关系代词）,，relative adverbs,（关系副词）,，participles,（分词）,，gerunds,(动名词）,and infinitives,（不定式）,dont exist in Chinese.,Classification of Parts of Sp,5,Transformation,Transformation of,English,Nouns,of,English,Verbs,of,English Adjectives,of,English Adverbs,of English Prepositions,of,English,Conjunctions,Transformation Transformation,6,Nominalization in English and Verbalization in Chinese,Nominalization in English and,7,Transformation of Nouns,1）,English,nouns,derived,from verbs,，,of frequent appearance in,political writing and news, are usually translated,into verbs,.,An,acquaintance,of world history is helpful to the study of translation.,读,一点世界史，对学习翻译是有帮助的。,Vietnameses War is,a drain,on American resources.,越南战争不断地,消耗,美国的资源。,Transformation of Nouns1,8,1967年联合国文件要求在以色列,撤出,所占的土地以及阿拉伯,承认,以色列的生存权利的基础上来解决中东冲突。,The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Israeli,withdrawal,from occupied territories and Arab,acknowledgement,of Israelis right to exist.,1967年联合国文件要求在以色列撤出所占的土地以及阿拉伯承认,9,2,）Some English,nouns, which possess the property of verbs,we often transform the,nouns to verbs,in,Chinese.,The,s,ight,and,sound,of our jet planes filled me with special longing.,看到,我们的喷气式飞机,听见,隆隆的机声,令我特别神往。,A glance,through his office window offers a panoramic view of the Washington Monument and the Lincoln Memorial.,从他的办公室窗口可以,一眼看到,华盛顿纪念碑和林肯纪念馆的全景。,2）Some English nouns, which p,10,3,）,S,ome,nouns derived from verbs by adding such suffixes as “er” or “or”,do not really indicate identity or some certain profession, but imply much more than the meaning of a verb,.,Seagulls are good,flyers,.,海鸥很,善于飞行,。,Talking with his son, the old man was the,forgiver,of the young mans past wrong doings.,在和儿子谈话时,老人,宽恕了,年青人过去所干的坏事。,他这个人,最爱说话,了。,He is a,great talker,.,3）Some nouns derived from verb,11,4）,English,n,ouns,t,ransform,ed,into Chinese,a,d,jective,s,I,ndependent thinking is an absolute,necessity,in study.,独立思考是学习所绝对,必要的,。,“,of + abstract noun,”,indicating characteristics or qualities of things，often transformed into the corresponding Chinese,“,be +,adjective,”,constructio,n.,But it is of small,importance,.,不过这也无关,紧要,。,of little/no/some/ great importance/ significance/ difference/value/wisdom,每小时、每分钟、每一秒对我们都,很宝贵,。,Each hour, each minute, each second,is of great value,for us .,英汉笔译转性译法课件,12,5）,English,n,ouns,t,ransformed into Chinese,a,dverbs,The new Mayer earned some appreciation by the,courtesy,of coming to visit the city poor.,新市长,有礼貌地,前来访问城市贫民,获得了他们的一些好感。,When he catches a glimpse of a potential antagonist, his,instinct,is to win him over with charm and humor,.,只要一发现有可能反对他的人，他就,本能地,要用他的魅力和风趣将这人争取过来。,英汉笔译转性译法课件,13,Transformation of English Verbs,1),T,here are a great many,verbs,derived from nouns, which more often than not,are transformed to,nouns,.,To them, he,personified,the absolute power.,在他们看来,他就是绝对权威,的化身,。,Such materials,are characterized by,good insulation and high resistance to wear.,这些材料的,特点,是:绝缘性好,耐磨性强。,Transformation of English Verb,14,2,),English,v,erbs,t,ransformed into Chinese,a,dverbs,He is full of vigor, but,fails,in carefulness.,他劲头十足，但,不够,仔细。,Dont believe what he is saying, he always,indulges in,self-glorification.,别信他说的，他总是,大肆,自吹自擂。,2) English verbs transformed,15,Transformation of Adjectives,1,),English,a,djectives,t,ransformed into Chinese,a,dverbs,.,A successful scientist must be a,good,observer,.,一个成功的科学家一定,善于,观察,。,He has a,good,knowledge,of internal combustion engines.,他对内燃机,非常,熟悉,。,Transformation of Adjectives1),16,2),English,a,djectives,t,ransformed into Chinese,v,erbs,He is,indiscriminate,in reading.,他读书时,不加选择,。,They were news,-hungry,.,他们,迫切地想弄到,消息。,他简直,受不了,这样的折磨，一种什么也不像而非常难过的折磨。(老舍：骆驼祥子）,The strain was unlike anything he had ever known, and quite,unberarable,.,2) English adjectives transfor,17,Adjectives expressing a persons,emotions,are more expressive when translated,into verbs,in Chinese.,They are not,content,with their present achievements.,他们不,满足于,自己现有的成就。,The author is,grateful,to his readers for valuable suggestion.,作者,感谢,读者提出的宝贵意见。,英汉笔译转性译法课件,18,3),English,a,djectives,t,ransformed into Chinese,n,ouns,Steven was,eloquent and elegant,but soft.,斯蒂芬森,有口才有风度,，但很软弱！,This problem is no less,important,than that one.,这个问题的,重要性,不亚于那个问题。,the +adj,refers to a type of person,They did their best to help,the sick and the wounded.,他们尽了最大的努力帮助,病号和伤员,。,3)English adjectives transform,19,Transformation of adverbs,1）,English,a,dverbs,t,ransformed into Chinese,a,djectives,He,routinely,radioed,another agent on the ground.,他与另一个地勤人员进行了,例行的,无线电联络,。,Hopefully,it will be done early next month.,下月初完成这项工作是,很,有希望的。,Transformation of adverbs 1） E,20,2),. English,a,dverbs,Transformed into Chinese,n,ouns,1. It is,editorially,said that,社论,说,2. He is strong,physically,but weak,mentally,.,他,体力,很强，可,智力,很弱。,2). English adverbs Transforme,21,3),English,a,dverbs,t,ransformed into Chinese,v,erbs,She opened the window to let the fresh air,in,.,她把窗户打开，让新鲜空气,进来,。,It has rained,over,.,雨,停,了,。,袭人,拉了,宝玉,进去,。（红楼梦第十九回）,Xiren led Baoyu,in.,3)English adverbs transformed,22,Transformation of Prepositions,English,is in some sense called,“prepositional language”,for its,absolutely complete structure,(,G.H.Vall,),Chinese,pays more attention to coherence，naturalness，smoothness and consciousness of the language itself,.,Transformation of Prepositions,23,1),English,p,repositions,t,ransformed into Chinese,v,erbs,He came to my house,for,help.,他来我家,请求,帮助。,“Coming!”,Away,she skimmed,over,the lawn,up,the path,up,the steps,across,the veranda, and,into,the porch.,“来啦！”她转身蹦着跳着地,跑了,，,越过,草地，,跑上,小径，,跨上,台阶，,穿过,阳,台，,进了,门廊。,1) English prepositions trans,24,2),English,p,reposition,mainly involv,ing,scope or degree,transformed into Chinese,a,djectives or,a,dverbs,The news about the assassination of the president quickly spread,throughout,the world.,暗杀总统的消息很快传,遍,全世界,。,远远地,起了拍掌声和欢笑声。（巴金家）,In the distance,there was applause and laughter.,2) English preposition, mainly,25,3),English,p,repositions,transformed into Chinese,conjunctions,For,all your explanations, I understand no better than before.,尽管,你做了解释，但我还是不懂。,With,all its disadvantages this design is considered to be one of the best.,尽管,这个设计有种种缺点,仍被认为是最佳设计之一,。,3) English prepositions transf,26,Transformation of Conjunctions,1,),transform English,conjunctions,into Chinese,prepositions,Inside pressure rises,when,temperature rises.,内部的压力,随着,气温的升高而升高,。,Transformation of Conjunction,27,2),English,c,onjunctions,are transformed into,nothing,She had a balance at her bankers,which,would have made her beloved anywhere.,她在银行里的存款足以使她到处受到欢迎。,When,the air moves, it is called wind.,空气流动产生风 。,2) English conjunctions are tr,28,Practice,He had the,kindness,to show me the way. ( n.adv,),.他好意地给我指路,。,I recognized the,absurdity,of dealing with them through intermediaries. (n.adj.),我认识到，通过中间人跟他们打交道是,愚蠢的,。,3.,他们,怀疑,这是否是真的。(vadj.),They are,doubtful,whether it is true or not.,4.,我打开窗子，让新鲜空气进来。(v.adv.),I opened the window to let the fresh air in.,5.,你拨,错了,电话号码。(adv.adj.),You dialed the,wrong,number.,Practice He had the kindness t,29,6.,小王常常工作到深夜，,希望,能赶上计算机技术的最新发展。(,v,.,prep,.),Xiao Wang often worked until very late at night,in the hope of,keeping pace with the latest developments in computer technology.,6. 小王常常工作到深夜，希望能赶上计算机技术的最新发展。(,30,