英语词性及句子成分课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,整理ppt,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,整理ppt,*,句子成分,My brother,teaches,English,at a school,.,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,主语：一句话的主体，英语句子中不可,或缺的成分，是全句述说的对象,常由名词或相当于名词的词担任,位于句首,整理ppt,句子成分My brother teaches English,1,句子成分,My brother,teaches,English,at a school,.,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,谓语：说出主语的,动作或状态,的,由动词担任,位于主语之后,整理ppt,句子成分My brother teaches English,2,句子成分,My brother,teaches,English,at a school,.,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,宾语：及物动词的,动作,对象和,介词,所联系,的对象，常由名词或相当于名词的,词担任，位于动词或介词之后,整理ppt,句子成分My brother teaches English,3,句子成分,My brother,teaches,English,at a school,.,主语,谓语,宾语,状语,状语：修饰动词，形容词，副词以及全句,常由副词或相当于副词的词组担任,可置于动词之前或之后,只能置于形容词或副词之前,整理ppt,句子成分My brother teaches English,4,句子成分,Brown,is,a teacher.,It,is,fine,today.,主语,谓语,表语,表语：表述主语的身份或特征的,常由名词或形容词担任,置于连系动词之后,状语,整理ppt,句子成分Brown is a te,5,句子成分,定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词,常由形容词或相当于形容词的短语,或从句担任，,形容词位于名词之前,短语或从句置于名词之后,Jane is a,beautiful,girl.,John had a,great,desire,to travel,.,Children,who live by the sea,usually begin to swim at an early age.,整理ppt,句子成分定语：限定或修饰名词或相当于名词的词Jane is,6,句子成分,补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义,一般都着重说明主语或宾语的身份,或特征,The parents named their baby,Tony.,整理ppt,句子成分补语：用来补充主语和宾语的意义The parents,7,从句,1.,主语从句,:,How this happened,is not clear.,2.,表语从句,:,The trouble is,that I have no money,.,3.,宾语从句,:,He demanded,that I should do it,.,4.,定语从句,:,A man,who sells books,is called a bookseller.,5.,状语从句,:,If it rains,I will not go.,自己能想出,5,个包含以上从句的句子吗？,整理ppt,从句1. 主语从句: How this happened i,8,句子基本结构,1. Day dawns.,天亮了。,主语,S,谓语,V,2. Tom is a professor.,主语,S,连系动词,L,表语,P,整理ppt,句子基本结构1. Day dawns. 天亮了。主语S谓语V,9,句子基本结构,3. Ruth understands French.,主语,S,谓语,V,4. He told us the whole story.,主语,S,谓语,V,直接宾语,O,宾语,O,间接宾语,O,整理ppt,句子基本结构3. Ruth understands Fren,10,句子基本结构,5. He died a poor man.,主语,S,谓语,V,6. He found George intelligent.,主语,S,谓语,V,宾语补语,C,补语,C,宾语,O,整理ppt,句子基本结构5. He died a poor man.主语,11,1.,简单句：含有一个主语（或并列主语）和谓语（或并列谓语）的句子。,Carol came into the classroom and sat down,.,2.,并列句,:,由连词把两个或两个以上的简单句（叫做分句）合成的句子,I came home early, but she remained to the end of the concert.,3.,复合句,:,由一个主句和一个或一个以上从句合成的句子,He said he would come in the evening.,整理ppt,1. 简单句：含有一个主语（或并列主语）和谓语（或并列谓语）,12,2007-12-banked cloze,Step 1:,确定备选词的词性，意义,Step 2:,浏览全文，确定,main idea,Step 3:,根据上下文的语法结构和意义确定所需单词的词性和词形,整理ppt,2007-12-banked clozeStep 1:确定备,13,A,）,act,ing,-,名词,-,行为，演出，演技,-,动词现在分词,-,行为，表演,-,形容词,-,代理的,B) assum,ing,-,动词现在分词,-,认为，假设,C) comprehens,ive,-,形容词,-,综合的，理解的,D) cooperat,ive,-,形容词,-,合作的,E) entire,形容词,-,整个的，全部的,F) especial,ly,副词,-,尤其，特别地,G) forward,副词,-,向前,整理ppt,A）acting-名词- 行为，演出，演技整理ppt,14,H,）,image,s,-,名词复数,-,形象,I) information-,名词,-,信息,J) offer,s,-,动词第三人陈单数,-,提供,K) project,s,-,名词复数,-,工程，项目,-,动词第三人陈单数,-,投影,L) respectively,副词,-,分别地，各自地,M) role,名词,-,角色，作用,N) technology,名词,-,科技,O) victim,s,-,名词复数,-,受害者，牺牲者,整理ppt,H）images-名词复数- 形象整理ppt,15,Step 2:,main idea,由于受战争的影响，儿童也卷入其中。所以出现了诸如,“,和平学校,”,的团体，旨在让受害者们感受到和平，而不是愤怒等消极心理。,整理ppt,Step 2:main idea由于受战争的影响，儿童也卷,16,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-11,谓语,take part in,的意思是,“,参与,”,动词后接名词作为宾语,可见空格处应填,projects,比较符合题意,所以，答案是,K,.,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-11谓语take part,17,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-12,The children,主语,after learning to resolve conflicts,时间状语,took on,the _ of peacemakers.,谓语，,“,承担,”,空格处填一名词，,根据前面的动词,和后面的名词，,role,符合题意，,所以，本题答案为,M,。,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-12The children,18,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-13,Groups of children,主语,_ as peacemakers ,后置定语修饰主语,studied,human rights and,.,谓语,Groups of children,=,peacemaker,固定搭配：,act as,现在分词可以用来做后置定语,所以，本题答案为,A,。,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-13Groups of ch,19,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-14,The classroom,主语,_ ,谓语动词,opportunities for,.,.,宾语,固定搭配：提供机会,offer opportunities,所以，本题答案为,J,。,缺谓语动词，,主语为单数，,动词应以,s,结尾,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-14The classroo,20,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-15,to replace angry, violent behaviors with _ , peaceful ones (=behaviors).,所以，本题答案为,D,。,缺形容词，,语义应与,peaceful,一致,与,angry, violent,相对,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-15to replace,21,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-16,to take a step _ toward becoming.,所以，本题答案为,G,。,比较三个副词，,forward,符合题意,“,超前迈了一步,”,有动词和宾语,缺副词,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-16to take a s,22,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-17,that are _ useful when,所以，本题答案为,F,。,be,动词和形容词,useful,之间需要一个副词,especially? respectively?,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-17that are _,23,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-18,provides a Website with resources for teachers and _ on starting,所以，本题答案为,I,。,根据句子结构，,and,后的部分是与,resources,并列的,同类名词，,information,符合题意,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-18provides a,24,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-19,to help the _ of war,所以，本题答案为,O,。,首先确定是表示,人,“,的名词,of war,可以选出,victims,比较符合题意,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-19to help the,25,Step 3:,确定词性，词形,-20,and ideally affect the culture of the _ school.,所以，本题答案为,E,。,首先确定空格需要一个形容词修饰,school,从前面一句,one class could spread to other classrooms,可以推断是,“,整个学校,”,整理ppt,Step 3: 确定词性，词形-20and ideally,26,扩展,1-1. acting,brilliant /excellent/ good ,精彩的演出,bad / poor/ wooden ,拙劣,/,呆板的表演,do a lot of ,参加很多表演, career/ profession,演艺事业,/,表演专业,整理ppt,扩展1-1. acting整理ppt,27,1-2. act, at once/immediately, promptly, quickly/ swiftly,马上行动，立即行动, correctly/legally/ properly, illegally,非法行事, improperly,做事不当, unconstitutionally,不依宪法行事, unlawfully,不依法行事, wrongly,错误行事,扩展,整理ppt,1-2. act扩展整理ppt,28,1-2. act, unreasonably,做事荒唐, oddly/ strangely/ suspiciously,行事可疑, bravely / decisively/ effectively, in good faith,出于善意做事, in self-defense,自卫, accordingly,采取相应行动,扩展,整理ppt,1-2. act扩展整理ppt,29,1-2. act, against,采取行动对付, like,表现像,一样, for / on behalf of sb.,代表某人, on,对,起作用, out of,出于,而行动, in sb,s best interests,为了某人的最大利益而行事, brilliantly/ well/ badly,扩展,整理ppt,1-2. act扩展整理ppt,30,1-3. action,名词，行动，做事的过程,decisive/effective/firm/strong/vigorous ,immediate/prompt/swift/urgent ,drastic ,断然行动,emergency ,紧急行动,collective ,集体行动,joint ,联合行动,united ,统一行动,扩展,整理ppt,1-3. action 名词，行动，做事的过程扩展整理ppt,31,1-3. action,名词，行动，做事的过程,take /carry out/ perform,采取行动，行动起来,call for ,号召行动,put sth into ,将,付诸实施,in ,在运转,out of ,扩展,整理ppt,1-3. action 名词，行动，做事的过程扩展整理ppt,32,1-4. active,形容词，活跃,be / keep / remain ,extremely / highly/ very ,increasingly ,越来越活跃,mentally ,思维敏捷,physically ,身手敏捷,扩展,整理ppt,1-4. active 形容词，活跃扩展整理ppt,33,1-5. activity,名词，活动,1-6. actor, actress,扩展,整理ppt,1-5. activity 名词，活动扩展整理ppt,34,2. assume,动词,“,认为，假设,”, automatically/naturally,里所当然地认为, reasonably, safely,有把握的认为,can / might ,能够假设，可以假设,tend to ,倾向于认为,be fair/reasonable/safe/wrong/easy/be a mistake to ,Let us ,让我们假设,扩展,整理ppt,2. assume 动词 “认为，假设”扩展整理ppt,35,2-1. assumption,名词,“,假设,”,basic / fundamental/ hidden/implicit ,tacit/underlying/unspoken ,common /conventional/ general / shared/ wide-spread ,correct/ reasonable/ valid,false/ flawed, incorrect/ mistake/questionable/wrong ,扩展,整理ppt,2-1. assumption 名词 “假设”扩展整理ppt,36,2-1. assumption,名词,“,假设,”,make /accept,challenge/disprove/question /test ,on the that,根据,的假定,扩展,整理ppt,2-1. assumption 名词 “假设”扩展整理ppt,37,3. comprehensive,形容词,“,全面的,”,extremely / very ,非常全面的,fully /totally ,无所不包的，面面俱到,increasingly ,越来越详细,3.2 comprehend,动词,“,理解,”,fully ,完全理解,be able/ unable to / fail to ,无法理解,3.3 comprehensible,形容词,“,可理解的,”,be /become ,make sth. , to,对,来说可理解,扩展,整理ppt,3. comprehensive 形容词 “全面的”扩展整理,38,