8BU7Grammar课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,U7 Grammar2,被动语态,被动语态的基本构成：,be+,动词的过去分词,（,be+done,),被动语态的用法,1.,不知道动作的执行者是谁。,这块手表是中国制造的。,This watch is made in China.,2.,没有必要指出动作的执行者,每年都应该种更多的树,。,Many trees should be planted every year.,3.,需要强调或突出动作的承受者。,世界上越来越多的人说汉语。,Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.,4.,句子的主语是动作的承受者,。,许多房屋被冲走了。,Many houses were washed away by the flood.,1.,一般现在时,am/is/are +done,We,clean,the classroom every day.,The classroom,is,cleaned,by us every day,.,He,put on,a coat.,A coat,was put on,by him.,2.,一般过去时,was/,were+done,He,made,the kite.,The kite,was made,by him.,3.,一般将来时,shall/will /be going to+ be done,They,will plant,trees tomorrow.,Trees,will be planted,by them tomorrow,He,is going to write,a letter to his mother.,A letter,is going to be written,to his mother by him.,1.Apple trees will be,planted(by,us) tomorrow.,2.Apple trees wont be,planted(by,us) tomorrow.,3.Will,apple trees be,planted(by,us) tomorrow?,4.Where will apple trees be,planted(by,us) tomorrow?,一般将来时被动语态,肯定式,: will be / be going to be+ done,否定式,: wont be/ be not going to be + done,疑问式,: Will+,主语,be/ be+,主语,+ going to be+ done?,特殊疑问式,:,疑问词,+ will+,主语,be/ be+,主语,+,going to be+ done?,Environment Week,A The students are talking about,Environment Week. Help them make,sentences using the passive voice.,activities/in Environment Week/,a lot of/organize/ are going to,_,_,A,lot of,activities are going to be,organize,d,in Environment Week,.,to all the people/send/leaflets/in the town/will,_,_,design/posters/will/by Sandy,_,are going to/hold/some of the activities/ in the town square,_,_,Posters will be designed by sandy.,Leaflets will be sent to all the people,in the town.,Some of the activities are going to be held in the town square.,Environment Week,B Lisa is telling her cousin Harry about a,show that will be held in this Environment,Week on the phone. Help Lisa answer,Harrys questions using the passive voice.,Lisa: Hi, Harry. Theres going to be an,environment show here.,Harry: Really? When is the show going to be,held?,Lisa: _,_(this Friday evening),The show is going to be held this,Friday evening.,Harry: Will the show be held at your school?,Lisa: No. _.,(at the town hall),Harry: Who will be invited to the show?,Lisa: _,_,(some famous people in our town),Harry: What will be displayed at the show?,Lisa: _,_(videos about,the past and present of Sunshine Town),The show will be held at the town hall.,Some famous people in our town will be invited to the show.,Videos about the past and present of Sunshine,Town will be displayed at the show.,Harry: What will be discussed at the show?,Lisa: _,_,(ways about how to protect the environment),We use “,will be,” or_ + past,participate” to form the passive voice in the,simple future tense.,Ways about how to protect the environment will be discussed at the show.,be going to be,C Kitty is writing an article about pollution.,Help her complete the article using the,passive voice.,Pollution,is,one of the b,iggest,problem,s,in the,world today. In many places,rubbish,_,(throw),into,lakes,and,rivers,s,o many of,them,_,_,_,(pollute).,In,s,ome,cities, the,air_ (fill) with,pollution. This,make,s,people ill, and more,people,_(hurt) in the,future,if it,is,not cleaned up.,As,well a,s,people, animals,_,(harm),is thrown,are polluted,is filled,are going to be hurt,are harmed,by pollution.,L,and and water pollution kills many animals every year. If w,e,do not act to,improve the environment, more living things,_,(kill),by pollution.,However, there is some good news. A show,_ (hold) at the town hall this Friday evening. All of us will have a chance to think about the world around us. On that day, we _(show) how to protect the environment.,If we work together, we can make the world a better place.,will be killed,will be held,are going to be shown,5.,含有情态动词的被动语态,can/may/must/should +be done,I,can find,him.,He,can be found,by me.,4.,现在完成时,has /have +been done,Jim,has finished,the work.,The work,has been finished,by Jim.,5.,现在进行时的被动语态,am/is/are + being +PP,Some,workers,are painting,the rooms now,The rooms,are being painted,by some workers,now.,6.,过去进行时的被动语态,was/were + being +PP,She,was interviewing the famous man at,this,time yesterday.,The famous man,was being,interviewed,by,her.,各种时态的被动情况：,一般现在时：,一般过去时：,现在进行时：,过去进行时：,现在完成时：,过去完成时：,一般将来时：,过去将来时：,情态动词变被动：,am / is / are done,was / were done,am / is / are,being,done,was / were,being,done,have / has,been,done,had,been,done,shall / will,be,done,be going to,be,done,would/should +,be,+ done,情态动词+,be,+ done,把下列句子变,为被动,语态：,1.They,made,shoes,in that factory.,2.They,will make,shoes,in that factory.,3.They,would make,shoes,in that factory.,4.They,can make,shoes,in that factory.,5.They,have made,shoes,in that factory.,6.They,had made,shoes,in that factory.,7.They,are making,shoes,in that factory.,8.They,were making,shoes,in that factory,1. I was given a book by him. (间宾作主）,He,gave,me,a book,.,(变被动）,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,2. A book was given,to,me by him.,My mother,bought,me,a birthday cake,.,主语,谓语,间宾,直宾,1. I,was bought,a birthday cake by my mother.,2. A birthday cake,was bought,for,me,by my,mother,.,变为被动时，间宾前加,to,的带有双宾语的动词,有：,bring,pass,give, lend,show, send , write.,变为被动时，间宾前加,for,的带有双宾语的动词,有：,buy, cook,get, sing.,带有双宾语的动词变为,被动：,带,双宾语（,间接宾语和直接宾语）的,主动变被动,有两种改法,:,(1),把间接宾语（即人）改成主语,(2),把直接宾语（即物）改成主语时,谓语动词后必须加适当的介词,:,to, for.,使役动词,( make, let ,have),和感官动词,(see, hear, -,find, notice,-),在主动句中后面的动词不带,to ,但在被动句中后面的动词必须带,to,Eg,1 My father,made,me,go,there alone,-I was made,to go,there alone,.,2 He,let,the man,work,fourteen,hours.,The man was let,to work,fourteen hours.,3 We often see them play football together.,They are often seen,to play,football together.,We usually,hear,him,sing,in the next room,.,He,is,usually,heard,to,sing,in the next room.,We,hear,him,playing,the guitar,in,the next,room now,.,He,is,heard,playing,the guitar,in the next room.,补充部分,1.,主动结构表被动意义,open, write, sell, wash,等词作不及物动词时，与副词连用，主语为物，描述主语的特性，可以用主动语态表被动意义。,This kind of shirt,sells,well,.,The shop,opens,at 8:00 a.m.,The pen,writes,well.,The clothes,wash,easily.,2.,look, sound, taste, smell,等系动词用主动表被动意义。,例：,It smells wonderful.,Mooncakes,taste delicious.,3.,在,be worth,doing,（值得做某事）,中,doing,表被动意义。,例：,This book is worth reading.,4.(sth),want/need/,require+doing,=want/need/,require+to,be done,例：,My bike needs repairing.,=My bike needs to be,repaired,我的自行车需要修理。,1. If city noises _ from increasing,，,people _ shout,to be heard even at dinner,A,are not kept,；,will have toB,are not kept,；,have C,do not keep,；,will have to D,do not keep,；,have to 2. The fifth generation computers, _and,perfected now. A. developed B. have developed C. are being developed D. will have been developed3. - _ the sports meet might be put off,- Yes,，,it all depends on the weather,A,Ive been told B,Ive told C,Im told D,I told,A,C,A,4. I need one more stamp before my collection _. A. has completed B. completes C. has been completed D. is completed 5. Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed,that they will disappear from the earth in the near future. A. cut B. are cut C. are being cut D. had been cut 6. The new bridge _ by the end of last month. A. has been designed B. had been designed C. was designed D. would be designed7. When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,it looks as if it _. A. breaks B. has broken C. was broken D. had been broken,D,C,B,C,8. Great changes _ in the city, and a lot of factories _. A. have been taken place; have been set up B. have taken place; have been set upC. have taken place; have set up D. were taken place; were set up9. That suit _ over 60 dollars. A. had,costed,B.,costed,C. is,costed,D. cost10. - Look! Everything here is under construction. - Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A. is being built B. has been built C. is built D. is building 11.- Do you like the cloth? - Yes, it _ very soft. A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt,B,D,A,C,12. It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13. I have no more letters _ ，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed14. Take care! Dont drop the ink on your shirt,for it _ easily. A. wont wash out B. wont be washed out C. isnt washed out D. isnt washing out15. Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because,the lights happened to _. A. be put up B. give in C. be turned on D. go out,B,C,A,D,16. The computers on the table _ Professor Smith. A. belongs B. are belonged to C. belongs to D. belong to17. - What do you think of the book?-Oh, excellent. Its worth _ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read18. The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 19. This page needed _ again.A. being checked B. checked C. to check D. to be checked 20. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do it.,A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,