高中英语代词课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,代词,高中英语语法复习,代词高中英语语法复习,1,一.概念:,代词是代替名词的词。,按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：,人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、,反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、,不定代词、连接代词、关系代词、,一.概念:,2,二.相关知识点精讲,1.人称代词,1)人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示,。,二.相关知识点精讲,3,2)人称代词有,主格和宾格,之分。,通常,主格作主语,，,宾格作宾语,。如,：,I,like table tennis. （作主语）,Do you know,him,?（作宾语）,3)人称代词还可作,表语,。作,表语时用宾格,如,：-Who is knocking at the door?,-Its,me,.,4)人称代词在,than,之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用,主格和宾格,都可以。如,：,He is older than,me,.,He is older than,I,am.,2)人称代词有主格和宾格之分。,4,2. 物主代词,1)表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。,物主代词分,形容词性,物主代词,和,名 词 性,物主代词，如下表所示。,2. 物主代词1)表示所有关系的代,5,2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于,形容词，,可在句中作,定语,。例如：,Our,teacher is coming to see us.,This is,her,pencil-box.,3)名词性物主代词的作用相当于,名词,，在句中可用作,主语、宾语和表语,。,Our school is here, and,theirs,is there.,（作主语）,- Is this English-book,yours,?,（作表语）,- No.,Mine,is in my bag.,（作主语）,Ive already finished my homework.,Have you finished,yours,?,（作宾语）,2)形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如,6,3. 指示代词,指示代词包括：,this，that，these，those,1) this和these一般用来指,在时间或空间上较近的事物或人,，,that和those则,指时间和空间上较远的事物或人,，例如：,This,is a pen and,that,is a pencil,We are busy,these,days,In,those,days the workers had a hard time,3. 指示代词,7,2)有时that和those指前面,讲到过的事物,，this 和these则是指,下面将要讲,到的事物,，例如：,I had a cold.,That,s why I didnt come. What I want to say is,this,： pronunciation is very important in learning English,2)有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和,8,3)有时,为了避免重复提到的名词,，常可用that或those代替，例如：,Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as,those,made in Shanghai,4)this,在电话用语中代表自己,，that 则代表对方。例如：,Hello!,This,is Mary.,Is,that,Jack speaking?,3)有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代,9,4. 反身代词,英语中用来表示,我自己，你自己，他自己，我们自己，你们自己,等意义的代词称为,反身代词,，也有人称之为自身代名词，其形式如表所示。,4. 反身代词 英语中用来表,10,反身代词可以在句中作：,宾语，表语，同位语,。,1,)作,宾语,，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。,He called,himself,a writer,2)作,表语,。 It doesnt matter. Ill be,myself,soon,3),作主语或宾语的同位语,，表示亲自或本人。,I,myself,washed the clothes,反身代词可以在句中作：,11,5不定代词：,5不定代词：,12,(1)some与any的用法：,some,一般用于肯定句中，但在表示请求并希望对方能给予肯定回答时，可用于疑问句中,any,一般用于否定和疑问句中，但当any强调“任何”时，也可用于肯定句中。,同理,，something，somebody，someone的用法同some；,anything，anybody，anyone的用法同any。,一般用法：,some、any可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连有。some一般用于肯定句，any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。,13,特殊用法,：,any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。,Any,day is okay for me.,some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。 Smith went to,some,place in England.（定语）,在期待对方回答yes 时，some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。,Would you like,some,bananas? （邀请） Mum, could you give me,some,money?(请求),some 用于否定句表示部分否定。 I dont know,some,of the students.（宾语） some和any在句中还可作状语，作副词。,some意为“大约”相当于“about”,而any则表示程度，意为“稍，丝毫”。,如： There are,some,300 workers on strike. Do you feel,any,better today?,特殊用法：,14,（2）one,both,all的用法,one,指人或物，“一个”，其复数为ones,指人时，其所有格是ones，反身代词是oneself. This is not the one I want.(表语),both,指人或指物，“两者都” This maths problem can be worked out in both ways.(定语),注意：both用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用neither。,Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。Neither of us is a teacher. 我们俩都不是教师。,both不能放在the、these、those、my等之后，而应放在它们的前面,。如：Both my parents like this film.,All,“全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用，除少数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用，与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以上的人或物。 He gave me all the money.他把全部的钱给了我。,（2）one,both,all的用法 one指人或物，“一个,15,All the schools are flooded.所有的学校都被淹了。,注意：all 用于否定句，表示部分否定，完全否定用none,。如： Not all the ants go out for food.,(All the ants dont go out for food.)并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。 None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。,All the schools are flooded.所有,16,（3）many, much, few, little; a few, a little,的用法,Many 修饰可数名词。Much修饰不可数名词,few和little,表示没有多少，含否定意义；,a few 和a little,表示有一些，有几个，含肯定意义。,另外，,few、a few,修饰可数名词；,little、a little,修饰不可数名词。,它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语,。,（3）many, much, few, little; a,17,（4）no和none 的用法,no=not any,表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语，,none,代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。,none,还可以在句中作宾语。 注意：,none,既可以指人又可以指物，,no one,只能指人。,（4）no和none 的用法no=not any,表示“没,18,具体说明：,none,既可指,人,又可指,物,，其后面一般,需跟of,所引导的一个范围；,no one,只能指,人,，并且不需接范围。,How manymuch,提问时的否定回答用,none,Who,提问时的否定回答用,no one,；,What,提问时的否定回答用,nothing,。,具体说明：,19,（5）each和every的语法,each,（各个），指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。,every,（每个），指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重整体，在句中只能作定语。,Every,student in our class has a dictionary.,(定语，强调班上“所有的人”),Each student in our class has a dictionary.,（定语，强调各个个体）,Each of them has been there.（主语） The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.（宾语） We each got a ticket.（同位语）,（5）each和every的语法 each（各个），指两个或,20,（6）either和neither 的用法,either,是“,两者,中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词，,any,指,三者或三者以上,当中的任意一个,。,neither,是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句在作主语、宾语或定语。如： Here are two pens. You may take,either,of them.(宾语),Neither,boy knows French.(定语),neithernor的其它用法：,neither,一般只能作,代词,，而nor既可作,代词又可作连词,，连接两个否定意义的句子时，一般用nor，若用neither，则需在neither前加and,neithernor位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。,（6）either和neither 的用法either是“,21,（7）other和another, the others 和others 的用法,the other,表示“两者中的另一个”；,the other,+ 复数可数名词” 表示“其余（他）的,the others,表示“其他的人或物”。,The other+复数可数名词和the others,表示剩余的全部,others及other + 复数名词,泛指“其他的（别的）人或物”。表示剩余的一部分,这些词语在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如： He got two books;,one,is textbook,the other,is a novel. Five of the pencils are red,the others,(,the,other pens,)are yellow. Some are singing,others,are dancing.,（7）other和another, the others 和,22,another,修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“（三个或三个以上的）另一个”，不能指两者中的另一个，在句中可作宾语和定语。 This coat is too dark. Please show me,another,.(宾语) Please give me,another,book.（定语） 注意：another修饰复数名词时，意为“再，又”。如：Please give me,another,ten minutes.,one another(a second) a thirdthe other,“一个一个一个一个”用于三者或三者以上的排列。,someothersothers，“一些一些一些”。,another修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“（三个或三个以上,23,6相互代词：,each other,用于,两者或两者以上,；,one another,用于,三者或三者以上,，在现代英语中它们可通用。,7疑问代词,：,what指事或物，不强调范围；,Who (whom，whose)指人；,which既,可指人也可指物，但强调范围。,6相互代词：,24,8,连接代词,：,what，who，whom，whose，which(见从句一节)。,9,关系代词,：,what，who，whom，whose，which，that，as，but,25,作代词题的解题方法,在解答代词类题目时，我们应首先分析题干，明确代词所指代的对象，从而避免误判。具体说来，可从这几个方面考虑：,代词指代的是人还是物,。, 代词指代的是可数名词还是不可数名词, 代词指代的是特指还是泛指概念。, 代词指代的概念是表示两者之间还是三,者或三者以上。,代词所表示的是肯定还是否定概念。,作代词题的解题方法,26,三.巩固练习,1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.,A. you B. me C. him D. her,2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it.,A. a little B. little C. a few D. few,3. -You want _ sandwich?,-Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry.,A. other B. another C. others D. the other,三.巩固练习,27,4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _.,A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs,5. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk?,-_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea.,A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None,4. The doctors and nurses are,28,6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot,to bring food.,-Never mind. You can have _.,A. us B. ours C. you D. yours,7. -Can I come this evening or,tomorrow morning?,-_ is OK. Im free today,and tomorrow.,A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None,6. -Oh! I came in a hurry an,29,8. -How are you going to improve _ this term?,-Work harder than last term.,A. ourselves B. myself,C. himself D. yourself,9. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for?,-Her cousin, Susan.,A. that B. whose C. who D. which,8. -How are you going to imp,30,10. -Is _ here?,-No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leave.,A. everybody B. somebody,C. anybody D. nobody,11. Paul has _ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.,A. many B. some C. few D. more,12. If you want to book a round-trip ticket, youll have to pay _ $ 30.,A. more B. other,C. the other D. another,10. -Is _ here?,31,13. -Do you live by yourself, Mr Wang? -Yes. I have three sons. But _ of them lives with me. They are now studying in America?,A. neither B. both C. none D. either,14. -Have you sent your parents an E-mail telling them you arrived safe?,-No. _ of them can use a computer.,A. None B. Both C. Neither D. All,13. -Do you live by yourself,32,15. Who taught _ English last term? Was _ Mr. Smith?,A. you; it B. you; he,C. your; it D. your; that,16. -That woman has a bag in her right hand. Whats in her _ hand?,A. another B. other C. one D. the other,17. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _.,A. us B. our C. ours D. ourselves,15. Who taught _ English,33,18. -Is there a bus to the zoo?,-Im afraid theres _ bus to the zoo.,A. no B. any C. some D. none,19. You forgot your dictionary?,You may have _.,A. me B. my C. mine D. myself,20. This is _ classroom.,Where is _?,A. our; them B. us; they,C. our; theirs D. ours; theirs,18. -Is there a bus to the z,34,