链状带绦虫肥胖带绦虫寄生虫学ppt培训课程课件

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,Taenia spp,. adult worm,The chain of proglottids is called the strobila, and may be composed of over 1.000 proglottids.,T.saginata,may measure 9 m, whereas,T.solium,may reach 6 m.,Taenia spp. adult worm,1,两种带绦虫比较,猪带绦虫 牛带绦虫,体长,2-4m 4-8m,节片,700-1000 1-2,千节,头节 圆顶突小钩 方无小钩,成节卵巢,3,叶,2,叶,孕节子宫,7-13,支,15-30,支,两种带绦虫比较 猪带绦虫 牛带,2,猪带绦虫 牛带绦虫,中间宿主 猪,/,人 牛,感染期 卵,/,猪囊尾蚴 牛囊尾蚴,感染形式 互相,/,自体感染 互相感染,引起疾病 绦虫病,/,囊虫病 绦虫病,诊断 粪检可查获卵肛试法,治疗 吡喹酮,/,槟榔,-,南瓜子,猪带绦虫 牛带绦虫,3,The scolex of,T. solium,hooklets,rostullum,suckers,The scolex of T. soliumhooklet,4,The scolex of,T. saginata,The scolex of T. saginata,5,Gravid proglottid of,T. solium,Gravid proglottid of T. solium,6,Gravid proglottid of,T. saginata,Gravid proglottid of T. sagina,7,卵（,Egg,）,两种带绦虫卵相似,类圆形,卵壳薄，易破裂,壳内具有放射条纹的胚膜,含六钩蚴,卵（Egg）两种带绦虫卵相似,8,Taenia spp,. egg,Taenia spp. egg,9,囊尾蚴,(cysticercus),白色囊状物,内含透明囊液,两层囊壁,内层增厚为头节,囊尾蚴(cysticercus),10,T.solium,: cysticercus cellulosae with invaginated scolex,T.solium: cysticercus cellulos,11,孕节子宫 7-13支 15-30支,Parasitic site: small intestinal,眼 46 脑 40.,Parasitigic site：淋巴结、脑、眼、,中间宿主 猪/人 牛,内囊摘除术(甲醛处理),Life cycle of Taenia saginata,三、致病（Pathogenesis）,加强个人防护，杜绝虫卵感染,中间宿主 猪/人 牛,卵囊(oocyst):内含2个孢子囊， 各含4个子孢子,Taenia spp.,六、防治（Control）,少数可见:急性淋巴结炎,一、形态（Morphological features）,Epidemic factors,Parasitic site(Hydatid cyst):,Oocvst（随粪排出) Sporozoite tachyzoite,Spiramycin,四、诊断（Dignosis）,Life cycle of,Taenia solium,孕节子宫 7-13支 15-30支Life,12,猪带绦虫感染期,绦虫病：口入含囊尾蚴的猪肉,囊尾蚴病：口入虫卵,感染方式,自身感染：体内、体外,异体感染,猪带绦虫感染期,13,Life cycle of,Taenia saginata,Life cycle of Taenia saginata,14,807,例囊尾蚴病,眼,46, 脑,40.9%,皮下,6.3%,肌肉,3.5%,其它,3.2%,807例囊尾蚴病眼 46 脑 40.9%,15,治疗（,Treatment),带绦虫病：吡喹酮首选,南瓜子槟榔疗效好,（查头节考核疗效）,囊尾蚴病：手术摘除,阿苯达唑或吡喹酮,治疗（Treatment)带绦虫病：吡喹酮首选,16,猪带 牛带,Parasitic site: small intestinal,Infection stage:egg/cysticercus,Pathogenic stage:larva/adult worm,Etiologic dignosis:,fecal exam./perianal egg exam.,Drug: Albendazole,猪带 牛带,17,18,细粒棘球绦虫,Echinococcus granulosus,细粒棘球绦虫Echinococcus granulosus,19,概述,人兽共患寄生虫病,畜牧区动物群中流行,成虫寄生于犬、狼、狐等,幼虫寄生于人、牛、羊等内脏,引起棘球蚴病,概述人兽共患寄生虫病,20,一、形态（,Morphological features,）,1.,成虫,:Minute,4-7mm in lenght; Comprises of 4 segments,scolex & cervical,immature,、,mature,、,gravid segment,2.,虫卵,:Morphologically indis-tinguible to the Taenia egg,一、形态（Morphological features）1,21,Adult of,Echinococcus granulosus,Adult of Echinococcus granulos,22,Round & cystic(囊状体),Gravid proglottid of T.,Oocvst（随粪排出) Sporozoite tachyzoite,intermediate host,（穿刺时注意防止囊液外溢）,Etiologic dignosis:,Gravid proglottid of T.,Gravid proglottid of T.,猪带 牛带,Round & cystic(囊状体),四、诊断（Dignosis）,Adult of Echinococcus granulosus,头节 圆顶突小钩 方无小钩,(包括猫科动物的非肠上皮细胞内),Albendazole：1020mg/kg,1216周,In intermediate hosts,IgM+：可能是新感染）；,配子体：雌雄配子受精(sexual),Oocvst（随粪排出) Sporozoite tachyzoite,Epidemic factors,3.,棘球蚴,(Hydatid cyst),Round & cystic(,囊状体,),Wall,：角皮层,(cuticle layer),、生发层,(germinal layer),Contents,：生发囊、原头蚴、子囊、,孙囊（棘球蚴砂）、囊液,Round & cystic(囊状体)3.棘球蚴(Hyda,23,Protoscoleces with double row hooklets and calcareous corpuscles,Protoscoleces with double row,24,Hydatid sand,Hydatid sand,25,链状带绦虫肥胖带绦虫寄生虫学ppt培训课程课件,26,二、,Life cycle,Egg,Adult worm Hydatid cyst,(,犬狼等小肠,) (,人羊等肝肺,),污染牧草,二、Life cycle污染牧草,27,Life-cycle feature,Infection stage:Egg(oral),Man(or take herbivorous animals):,intermediate host,Parasitic site(Hydatid cyst):,Liver,、,lung or brain etc,单个寄生，可存活,40,年,Life-cycle featureInfection s,28,三、致病（,Pathogeneses,）,棘球蚴病或包虫病,(Echinococcosis or Hydatidosis),压迫,(Pressure),：,肝、肺、脑功能障碍,过敏,(Allergy),：,囊液溢出，过敏休克,播散再生,:,囊内原头蚴侵入腹腔再发,三、致病（Pathogeneses）棘球蚴病或包虫病(Ec,29,四、诊断（,Diagnosis,）,免疫诊断,+,超声检查,手术时取囊液查病原体,（穿刺时注意防止囊液外溢）,四、诊断（Diagnosis）免疫诊断+超声检查,30,五、流行（,Epidemiology,）,分布：森林型、畜牧型,流行因素,:,犬粪污染牧草、水土,人犬密切接触,病畜内脏管理不善喂狗,五、流行（Epidemiology）,31,六、防治原则,（,Principles of control,）,加强个人防护，杜绝虫卵感染,处理好病畜内脏,定期为牧犬治疗,Surgical removal:,内囊摘除术,(,甲醛处理,),Albendazole,：,1020mg,/kg,1216,周,六、防治原则（Principles of control）,32,刚地弓形虫,Toxoplasma gondii,刚地弓形虫Toxoplasma gondii,33,弓形虫概述,世界性分布,人畜共患,寄生温血动物和猫科动物,机会致病,弓形虫概述世界性分布,34,一、,Morphology 1. In,intermediate hosts,(,人或温血动物有核细胞内,),Tachyzoite,：弓形,内二芽殖,胞内繁殖,(,假包囊,preudocyst),Cyst,：有囊壁，内含大量,缓殖子,(bradyzoite),一、 Morphology 1. In,35,In cell cultures,T.gondii,proliferates to form a pseudocyst of 8-20 parasites.,In cell cultures, T.gondii pr,36,Gravid proglottid of T.,Contents：生发囊、原头蚴、子囊、,Gravid proglottid of T.,The chain of proglottids is called the strobila, and may be composed of over 1.,Adult worm Hydatid cyst,(犬狼等小肠) (人羊等肝肺),Pyrimethamine+Sulfadizines,壳内具有放射条纹的胚膜,(犬狼等小肠) (人羊等肝肺),病畜内脏管理不善喂狗,壳内具有放射条纹的胚膜,头节 圆顶突小钩 方无小钩,Parasitigic site：淋巴结、脑、眼、,Gametocyte （人，动物）,卵囊(oocyst):内含2个孢子囊， 各含4个子孢子,流行因素:犬粪污染牧草、水土,水平传播:口入、输血、伤口等,(包括猫科动物的非肠上皮细胞内),Parasitigic site：淋巴结、脑、眼、,Parasitic site: small intestinal,T. gondii:,lysis of a THP-1 cell with release of tachizoites in culture.,Gravid proglottid of T.T. gond,37,T. gondii:,tissue cysts, 100-300 m, may contain up to 3 000 bradyzoites.,T. gondii: tissue cysts, 100,38,Tachyzoites of,Toxoplasma gondii,in macrophages of mouse in peritoneal exudate.,(SEM),Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gond,39,2.In definitive host,猫科动物小肠上皮细胞内,裂殖体：,Asexual,配子体：雌雄配子受精,(sexual),卵囊,(oocyst):,内含,2,个孢子囊， 各含,4,个子孢子,2.In definitive host猫科动物小肠上皮细胞,40,二、,Life cycle,特点：两类宿主，两种生殖方式,猫科动物,:definitive host-,配,子生殖,人或其它温血动物,:intermediate,host-,无性生殖,(,包括猫科动物的非肠上皮细胞内,),二、Life cycle特点：两类宿主，两种生殖方式,41,链状带绦虫肥胖带绦虫寄生虫学ppt培训课程课件,42,Oocvst,（随粪排出,),Sporozoite,tachyzoite,合子,Gametocyte,（人，动物）,Schizont,Cyst,(,猫,),(Bradyzoite),Oocvst（随粪排出) Sp,43,生活史要点,Infection stage,：,oocyst,，,cyst,，,tachyzoite,Infection mode,：,垂直传播,:,胎盘,(Mother Children),水平传播,:,口入、输血、伤口等,Parasitigic site,：淋巴结、脑、眼、,肌肉、肝、心、肺等,生活史要点Infection stage：,44,三、,致病（,Pathogenesis,）,1.,机制,Tachyzoite:,细胞内增生与破坏,Cyst:,累及重要脏器、组织,代谢物致变态反应,三、致病（Pathogenesis）1.机制,45,2.Clinical types,1)Congenital toxoplasmosis:,四联症,视网膜脉络膜炎,脑积水,脑钙化,小头畸形,2.Clinical types1)Congenital,46,壳内具有放射条纹的胚膜,Infection stage:egg/cysticercus,Taenia spp.,Oocvst（随粪排出) Sporozoite tachyzoite,Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages of mouse in peritoneal exudate.,重症型，全身性感染,预后差,Pathogenic stage: trophozoite,人或其它温血动物:intermediate,自身感染：体内、体外,Taenia spp.,(犬狼等小肠) (人羊等肝肺),Round & cystic(囊状体),五、流行（Epidemiology）,Parasitic site: small intestinal,Gravid proglottid of T.,免疫学:测抗体（IgG+：有感染；,幼虫寄生于人、牛、羊等内脏,Adult of Echinococcus granulosus,肌肉、肝、心、肺等,intermediate host,oocyst，cyst，tachyzoite,Cyst：有囊壁，内含大量,2)Acquired toxoplasmosis,(In immuno-competent hosts),多数无症状,:,90%,suppressive infection,少数可见,:,急性淋巴结炎,视网膜脉络膜炎；,罕见肺炎,肝炎,心肌炎,脑膜脑炎,壳内具有放射条纹的胚膜2)Acquired toxopla,47,隐性感染激活，发病,重症型，全身性感染,预后差,2)Acquired toxoplasmosis,( In immuno-incompetent hosts),隐性感染激活，发病2)Acquired toxop,48,四、,诊断,（,Dignosis,）,病原学,:,组织体液活检,涂片染色,动物接种分离、细胞培养、,PCR,测弓形虫,DNA,免疫学,:,测抗体（,IgG,+,：有感染；,I,gM,+,：可能是新感染,）；,测抗原,四、诊断（Dignosis）病原学:组织体液活检,涂片染,49,五、,流行（,Epidemiology,）,1.Epidemic factors,传染源,:,猫、家畜和野生温血动物,传播途径,:,Man,（胎盘，输血）,Man,Animal,（肉食品，水）,Man,Animal,（食肉）,Animal,五、流行（Epidemiology）1.Epidemic,50,2.,Epidemic fecture,生活史多期均有传染性,宿主、寄生部位要求不严格,中间宿主间可相互传播,组织内包囊存活长,卵囊抗力大,猫为主要传染源,(,粪便内卵囊污染,),2.Epidemic fecture生活史多期均有传染性,51,六、,防治（,Control,）,治疗患者：,Drugs:,Pyrimethamine+Sulfadizines,Spiramycin,预防为主：,no consume undercooked meat,严格个人卫生及食品卫生要求,孕妇防止与猫接触、产前检查,六、防治（Control）治疗患者：Drugs:,52,E.h.,Parasitic site: intestinal wall,Infection stage: 4 nuclei cyst,Pathogenic stage: trophozoite,Etiologic dignosis:,stool examination,Drug: metronidazole,E.h.,53,Gravid proglottid of,T. solium,Gravid proglottid of T. solium,54,链状带绦虫肥胖带绦虫寄生虫学ppt培训课程课件,55,二、,Life cycle,Egg,Adult worm Hydatid cyst,(,犬狼等小肠,) (,人羊等肝肺,),污染牧草,二、Life cycle污染牧草,56,Infection stage: 4 nuclei cyst,Life-cycle feature,猫科动物:definitive host-配,Etiologic dignosis:,Albendazole：1020mg/kg,1216周,Infection mode：,Man(or take herbivorous animals):,人或其它温血动物:intermediate,寄生温血动物和猫科动物,头节 圆顶突小钩 方无小钩,Pathogenic stage:larva/adult worm,视网膜脉络膜炎；,裂殖体：Asexual,In cell cultures, T.,Epidemic fecture,Drug: metronidazole,gondii: lysis of a THP-1 cell with release of tachizoites in culture.,动物接种分离、细胞培养、 PCR测弓形虫DNA,In cell cultures, T.,重症型，全身性感染,预后差,压迫(Pressure)：肝、肺、脑功能障碍,Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages of mouse in peritoneal exudate.,四、诊断（,Diagnosis,）,免疫诊断,+,超声检查,手术时取囊液查病原体,（穿刺时注意防止囊液外溢）,Infection stage: 4 nuclei cyst,57,五、流行（,Epidemiology,）,分布：森林型、畜牧型,流行因素,:,犬粪污染牧草、水土,人犬密切接触,病畜内脏管理不善喂狗,五、流行（Epidemiology）,58,T. gondii:,lysis of a THP-1 cell with release of tachizoites in culture.,T. gondii: lysis of a THP-1 ce,59,2.In definitive host,猫科动物小肠上皮细胞内,裂殖体：,Asexual,配子体：雌雄配子受精,(sexual),卵囊,(oocyst):,内含,2,个孢子囊， 各含,4,个子孢子,2.In definitive host猫科动物小肠上皮细胞,60,oocyst，cyst，tachyzoite,stool examination,no consume undercooked meat,intermediate host,gondii: lysis of a THP-1 cell with release of tachizoites in culture.,3% 肌肉 3.,/perianal egg exam.,Round & cystic(囊状体),人或其它温血动物:intermediate,Tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii in macrophages of mouse in peritoneal exudate.,Etiologic dignosis:,五、流行（Epidemiology）,内囊摘除术(甲醛处理),子生殖,Albendazole：1020mg/kg,1216周,Oocvst（随粪排出) Sporozoite tachyzoite,Protoscoleces with double row hooklets and calcareous corpuscles,南瓜子槟榔疗效好,Round & cystic(囊状体),Parasitic site: intestinal wall,Schizont Cyst,Gravid proglottid of T.,内囊摘除术(甲醛处理),诊断 粪检可查获卵肛试法,The chain of proglottids is called the strobila, and may be composed of over 1.,intermediate host,Etiologic dignosis:,（查头节考核疗效）,猫科动物小肠上皮细胞内,一、形态（Morphological features）,二、Life cycle,Life cycle of Taenia solium,囊尾蚴病：口入虫卵,Etiologic dignosis:,Tachyzoite:细胞内增生与破坏,Gravid proglottid of T.,传染源:猫、家畜和野生温血动物,Clinical types,Infection stage:Egg(oral),五、,流行（,Epidemiology,）,1.Epidemic factors,传染源,:,猫、家畜和野生温血动物,传播途径,:,Man,（胎盘，输血）,Man,Animal,（肉食品，水）,Man,Animal,（食肉）,Animal,oocyst，cyst，tachyzoiteParasiti,61,