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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,#,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,动词,动词,1,动词的分类,1.,系动词,2.,实义动词（及物和不及物）,3.,助动词,4.,情态动词,动词的分类1.系动词,2,系动词：连系表语的词。,系动词有词义，不能独立做谓语。,He is wrong,.(,系词,+,表语做谓语,),一、系动词,系动词：连系表语的词。一、系动词,3,be,（,am,is,are,was,were,）,感官动词,(look,smell,taste,sound,feel,seem),表示发展变化的词,(turn,get,keep,become),系动词,系动词,4,他是强壮的。,He,is,strong.,你必须保持健康。,You must,keep,healthy.,树叶变绿了。,The leaves,turn,green.,莉莉似乎很生气。,Lily,seems,very angry.,他是强壮的。,5,Exercise,1.Autumn is coming,the leaves _yellow.,2.The girl _beautiful.,3.The food_delicious.,4.Autumn is coming,it_colder and colder.,5.That song _ well.,turn,looks,tastes,gets,sounds,Exercise1.Autumn is coming,the,6,二、实义动词,能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分,为及物和不及物动词。,二、实义动词能独立做谓语的词，按句法作用分,7,I,hit,her.,He,cut,his finger.,The sun,rises,.,及物,vt.,不及物,vi.,及物,vt.,I hit her.及物vt.不及,8,A-A-A,hurt-hurt-hurt,（受伤、伤害）,A-A-Ahurt-hurt-hurt（受伤、伤害）,9,A-B-B,say-said-said,stand-stood-stood,spend-spent-spent,think-thought-thought,buy-bought-bought,bring-brought-brought,catch-caught-caught,teach-taught-taught,A-B-Bsay-said-said,10,hold-held-held,lend-lent-lent,send-sent-sent,leave-left-left,meet-met-met,sweep-swept-swept,sleep-slept-slept,keep-kept-kept,hold-held-held,11,A-B-C,O,rise-rose-risen,write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,steal-stole-stolen,O,ride-rode-ridden,O,drive-drove-driven,sing-sang-sung,A-B-COrise-rose-risen,12,O,take-took-taken,O,give-gave-given,fly-flew-flown,O,know-knew-known,O,throw-threw-thrown,eat-ate-eaten,forget-forgot-forgotten,Otake-took-taken,13,三、助动词,I like it.,其中,like,是实意动词，如何变否定疑问.,用,do,来帮助它，我们把,do,、,does,、,did,等,称为助动词。,I dont like it.,Do you like it?,三、助动词I like it.,14,助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓语，,帮助构成时（态），语（态），否（定句）和疑（问句）。,常见助动词有五个，be,do,have,shall,will.,be构成被动与进行，do构成疑问和否定,have构成现在完成时，shall,will表示将来时,助动词，无词义，不能独立做谓语，,15,be(am/is/are/was/were),1.I am watering the flowers.,帮助构成（现在,/,过去）进行时。,2.Tom was hit by his father yesterday.,帮助构成被动语态。,小测试：,She is Lily.(is,是助动词吗？,),答案：,NO.,be(am/is/are/was/were)1.I am w,16,have/has/had,I have a book.,其中,have,是助动词吗？,答案：,NO.,have/had+V.,过去分词,现在完成时,/,过去完成时,其中,have,是助动词吗？,答案：,YES.,have/has/hadI have a book.其中ha,17,will/shall,用于一般将来时态。,will,用于所有人称，,shall,只用于第一人称。,She will finish her homework in ten minutes.,Shall I take an umbrella?,will/shall用于一般将来时态。,18,四、情态动词,She can speak French and I cant.,什么叫情态动词？,表示说话人对所述动作的看法,，如需要、可能、意愿或怀疑等情感或状态。,四、情态动词She can speak French and,19,情态动词的特征,He can speak English well,but I cant.,We must stay here.,情态动词有词义，不能单独做谓语，无人称和数的变化，后面必须接动词原形。,情态动词的特征He can speak English we,20,can/could,/,be able to,1.,三个都表,“能力”,could,是,can,的过去式。,eg: I couldnt speak English.,I can speak English now.,将来能力使用,shall/will/be able to.,eg: I will be able to speak French.,can/could/be able to1.三个都表“能力”,21,2.,can/could,表“请求、允许”,could,比,can,更委婉。,eg:Could I borrow your book?,3.,can/could,表“怀疑、推测”,可能性,cant be,eg:It cant be Lilys bag.,2. can/could 表“请求、允许”,22,may/might,1.,表“请求、许可”,might,比,may,更委婉、客气。,eg:May I come in?,Might I come in?,2.,“,可能”，表推测。,可能性,may be might be,eg:He may come tomorrow.,He might come tomorrow.,may/might,23,must/have to,必须,不得不,1.must,表,个人意志和主观上的必要,，意为“必须”“应该”用于一般现在时；,I must go now.,2.have to,表,客观上的必要,。意为“必须”“不得不”,除可用于现在时外，还可以表将来时,shall/will have to,和过去式,had to,。,must/have to 必须 不得不1.must表个人意志,24,1.,这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买台新的。,This TV doesnt work.We,have to,buy a new one.,2.,那时我们必须买台新的。,We,had to,buy a new one.,3.,我们将不得不买台新的。,We,will have to,buy a new one.,1.这台电视机不能用了，我们必须买台新的。,25,I _study hard,because I want to go to Beijing University.,I _go shopping,because,the fridge is empty now.,must,have to,I _study hard,because I wa,26,should/would/ought to,1.You are his mother,you_look after him.,2.You are a student,you_study hard.,3.She would be glad if you _ help her.,应该,愿意,理所应当,ought to,should,would,should/would/ought to1.You are,27,情态动词表推测, ,must be,cant be,may be,might be,情态动词表推测 must be,28,dare , need,既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。,做情态动词，无人称、数变化，主要用于否定句和疑问句,dare , need既可作情态动词，又可作行为动词。,29,情态动词类型,1.,只作情态动词的有：,must,can(could),may(might),2.,可作情态动词也可作实义动词的有,need,，,dare,3.,可作情态动词也可作助动词的有,will(would).shall(should),4.,具有情态动词的某些特征的有,have to,ought to,情态动词类型1.只作情态动词的有：must,can(coul,30,
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