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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,great scientists,great scientists,1,movement,backward,spin,enthusiastic,cautious,reject,universe,n. 移动; 运动; 动作,adv. & adj. 向后地(的),相反地(的); 退步地(的),vt. 纺(线或纱),adj. 热情的; 热心的,adj. 小心的; 谨慎的,vt. 拒绝; 丢弃; 抛弃,n. 宇宙; 世界,Words preview,movementn. 移动; 运动; 动作Words pre,2,(be) strict with,make sense,对严格的,讲得通; 有意义,Expressions preview,(be) strict with对严格的Expressi,3,gravity,),Isaac Newton,The Theory,of Relativity,Albert Einstein,Jane Goodall,chimps,John Snow,cholera,Stephen Hawking,radium,Madame Curie,Hybrid rice,Black hole,gravity)Isaac NewtonThe Theory,4,Do you know what is the center of the solar system?,Can you name the eight planets in the solar system?,Warming up,Do you know what is the center,5,Mercury,Mars,Venus,Earth,Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune,Mercury MarsVenusEarthJupiter,6,Mercury 水星,Venus 金星,Earth 地球,Mars 火星,Jupiter 木星,Saturn 土星,Uranus 天王星,Neptune 海王星,eight planets in the Solar System:,Mercury 水星eight planets,7,COPERNICUS,REVOLUTIONARY THEORY,Reading,COPERNICUS Readi,8,Who is he, do you know?,Copernicus,Who is he, do you know?Coperni,9,尼古拉哥白尼1473年出生于,波兰,是,现代天文学创始人,。40岁时，哥白尼提出了,日心说，,并经过长年的观察和计算完成他的伟大著作,天体运行论,。,由于受到时代的局限,在日心说中保留了所谓“完美的”圆形轨道等论点。其后,开普勒,建立行星运动三定律,牛顿,发现万有引力定律，以及行星光行差、视差相继发现,日心说遂建立在更加稳固的科学基础上。,尼古拉哥白尼1473年出生于波兰,是现代天文学创始人 。4,10,1533年，60岁的哥白尼在罗马做了一系列的讲演，但直到他临近古稀之年才终于决定将它出版。1543年5月24日去世的那一天才收到出版商寄来的一部他写的书。哥白尼的“日心说”沉重地打击了教会的宇宙观，这是唯物主义和,唯心主义,斗争的伟大胜利。哥白尼是欧洲,文艺复兴,时期的一位巨人。他用毕生的精力去研究,天文学,，为后世留下了宝贵的遗产。哥白尼遗骨于2010年5月22日在波兰弗龙堡大教堂重新下葬。,1533年，60岁的哥白尼在罗马做了一系列的讲演，但直到他临,11,or,or,？,Copernicus,oror？Copernicus,12,We know the first scientist is Copernicus. He was one of the first scientists to use mathematical observations to collect information. He believed,the sun is the center of the universe,and,the earth and other planets went around it,.,Pre-reading,We know the first scientist is,13,Skim the text and draw the two theories of the universe with the following pictures.,Sun,earth,Before Copernicus theory Showing Copernicus theory,Skim the text and draw the,14,Sun,earth,Before Copernicus theory Showing Copernicus theory,Sun,earth,earth,Sun,SunearthBefore Copernicus the,15,Read the passage and summarize the general idea,Read the passage and summarize,16,Mind map of the text,Paragraph 1: the _ of Copernicus study,Paragraph 2: the _ of Copernicus study,Paragraph 3: the _ of Copernicus study,Paragraph 4: the _ of Copernicus study,Paragraph 5: Copernicus theory _ the Christian idea and proved_.,background,procedure,cause,result,replaced,correct,Mind map of the textParagraph,17,Read through the passage, and tell whether the following statements are true or false.,At Copernicus time, Christian Church was in charge of many western,countries.,2. Copernicus noticed that observed from the earth, some planets appears in front of or behind the earth.,3. Copernicus didnt show his new theory to his friends until he completed it.,T,F,T,Read through the passage, and,18,4. His friends were not interested in his ideas.,5. Since he was not afraid of being attacked by the Church, Copernicus published his book as soon as he finished working on it.,6. Newton, Einstein, and Hawking are all scientists who made contribution to the study of the universe.,F,F,T,4. His friends were not intere,19,1.Whats Copernicus fear?,He feared that the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea.,1.Whats Copernicus fear?He f,20,Bruno,was born five years after Copernicus,died .He stuck to the Sun-centered Theory,which was against the Churchs will.,In 1600,he was burnt to death.,Bruno was born five years afte,21,2.How did Copernicus prove his theory?,He had thought long and hard about these problems and tried to find an answer. He had observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. All his calculations and observations proved that his theory was right.,2.How did Copernicus prove his,22,3.What is his theory?,The sun is the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.,3.What is his theory?The sun i,23,5. How many years did Copernicus work on the problem to complete his theory?,4. When did Copernicus publish his theory?,He published his theory as he lay dying in 1543.,4 years.,5. How many years did Coperni,24,6.If you were Nicolaus Copernicus, would you have hidden your theory for so many years?,Give your reasons.,6.If you were Nicolaus Coperni,25,As a scientist, Copernicus was more,cautious than coward. If he had,published his ideas at his time, he would,have been killed just as Bruno who was,burnt to death because his theory was,against the Christian Churchs.,Every time a new idea appears,there are always rejections. Its normal.,Scientists should have patience to,spread their truth.,As a scientist, Coperni,26,Language points:,1,.lead to,造成,导致,( result in, cause) ;,通向,This will probably lead to trouble in the future.,All roads lead to Rome.,lead sb. to sth.,使某人得出，引导某人到,lead sb. to do sth.,导致某人做某事,The road leads you to the town.,What led you to change your mind?,Language points: 1.lead to造成,27,2.,only if,只有；只要,。当以only引导的短语作状语或状语从句,放于句首,时，为了加强语气，,句子需要倒装,。,1),Only if,the alarm rings,do,I wake up.,2),Only by,working hard,did,he succeed.,if only,“如果就好了”，引导虚拟条件句,If only he,came,early .,If only I,had,more money I could buy a car.,2.only if 只有；只要。当以only引导的短语作状语,28,eg. 1）Only if your identity has been checked, _.,A. you are allowed in B. you will be allowed in,C. will you allow in D. will you be allowed in,D,2）,Only then,did I,realize the importance,of knowledge.,只有那时我才意识到知识的重要性。,3）,Only in this,way,can we,work out the,maths problem.,只有这种方法我们才能算出这道数学题。,“,Only + 副词 /介词短语/状语从句,” 位于句首,句子要倒装。,eg. 1）Only if your identity ha,29,3.,make sense,讲得通；有道理；有意义,1) 这个句子，好像一点也讲不通。,The sentence doesnt seem to,make sense,.,2) 你编的故事我听不明白,。,Your story doesnt,make sense,to me.,3）你听得懂这个美国人在说些什么吗？,Can you make sense of what this American is saying?,4）这没有意义。,It doesn,t make sense.,3.make sense 讲得通；有道理；有意义3）你听得,30,make sense of,make any sense,lose ones sense,in a sense,common sense,the sense of touch/smell/taste,There is no/much sense in doing ,It doesnt make sense to do sth.,理解,有任何意义，意思,失去知觉,从某种意义上讲,常识,触觉/嗅觉/味觉,做某事没有/很有道理,干某事无意义,make sense of 理解有任何意义，意思失去知觉从某,31,4. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system,with the planets going round it,and only the moon still going round the earth.,他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。,with the planets going round it,是,with,+ 宾语 + 宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作,定语,或,状语,，作宾补的可以是介词短语、过去分词、形容词、副词或动词不定式等。现将其基本形式归纳如下：,4. He placed a fixed sun at,32,With + n./pron. +,介词短语,He sat there with a smile,on his face,.,(2) With + n./pron. +,副词,With Mr Smith,away, weve got more room.,(3) With + n./pron. +,不定式(表将来),With so much work,to do, he could not go home.,(4) With + n./pron. +,现在分词（表主动，进行）,The street was quiet with no buses,running,.,(5) With + n./pron. +,过去分词（表被动，完成）,In came a man with his hands,tied back,.,(6) With + n./pron. +,形容词,Last night he slept with the window,open,.,With + n./pron. + 介词短语,33,The guard warned me to be cautious about strangers.,My father is a very cautious driver.,警卫告戒我要当心陌生人。,我的爸爸是一位非常谨慎的司机。,5.cautious: careful to avoid risk,adj.,be cautious about / of sb. / sth.,对小心谨慎，留心，谨防,The guard warned me to be caut,34,6.contribute sth. to ,把.捐赠给.；为贡献； 向投稿,contribute to (doing) sth.,有助于；导致，促成,make a contribution/contributions to,对作出贡献,Every worker contributed 100 yuan to the Red Cross.,Fresh air and exercise contribute to good health.,He made an outstanding contribution to science.,6.contribute sth. to ,35,7.apart from,in addition to / as well as / besides,除.之外，（还有）,except / but,除了（所列部分被排除在外）,except for,除了.（强调总体，指出个别不足）,e.g. All the children like music apart from Bobby.,Apart from being too large ,the trousers dont suit me.,Your homework is good apart from some spelling mistakes.,7.apart from,36,Thank you.,Thank you.,37,
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