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第二章 词 类,第三节 数 词,第二章 词 类第三节 数 词,知识梳理,一、数词的分类,知识梳理一、数词的分类,二、数词的构成,1. 112,的基数词与序数词的对应表,【,注,】,以上加粗的几个序数词比较特殊,请特别加以记忆。,二、数词的构成【注】以上加粗的几个序数词比较特殊,请特别加以,2. 1319,的基数词与序数词的对应表,这一组词的特点是:基数词都是以,teen,结尾,序数词都是在基数词后直接加,th,。,2. 1319 的基数词与序数词的对应表,3. 2090,的整十的基数词与序数词的对应表,这一组词的特点是:基数词都是以,ty,结尾,序数词都是将基数词末尾的,y,改为,ieth,。,3. 2090的整十的基数词与序数词的对应表,4.,几十几的表示方法,基数词由十位数词后面加上个位数词合成,中间加上连字符“,-”,;序数词则是在基数词的基础上,十位数不变,只将个位变为序数词即可。,如:,twenty-one(21)twenty-first(21st),,,ninety-five(95)ninety-fifth(95th),5.,三位以上的数词的表示方法,三位以上的基数词, 在百位和十位之间,一般要用连词,and,;序数词的表示则是在基数词的基础上,百位和十位数保持不变,只将个位变为序数词即可。,如:,one hundred and thirty-two(132)one,hundred and thirty-second(132nd),one thousand three hundred and forty(1,340),one thousand three hundred and fortieth(1340th),4. 几十几的表示方法,6.,几个大数字的表示方法,百:,hundred,千:,thousand,百万:,million,十亿:,billion,【,注,】,在使用基数词时,要特别注意,hundred,,,thousand,,,million,,,billion,等几个词的用法。若这些词前面用了基数词,则不论其后是否有,of,,都必须用单数形式,(,此时若带,of,则通常表示特定范围内的一部分,),;若泛指数百、数千、数百万等,则用,hundreds of,,,thousands of,,,millions of,等这样的结构。,如:,Two hundred of the students will plant trees this Saturday.,这周六这些学生中有,200,名学生将去植树。,Hundreds of people attended the concert.,成百上千的人们出席了音乐会。,Thousands upon thousands of English words come from foreign tongues.,成千上万的英语单词来自外来语。,6. 几个大数字的表示方法,7.,基数词变序数词的规律,基数词变序数词有一定的规律,口诀如下:,7. 基数词变序数词的规律,三、数词的用法,1.,表示数量的多少时,用基数词。,注意与后面的名词单复数形式一致,并注意谓语动词的变化。,如:,There is only one student in the classroom.,Five students are playing basketball.,2.,表示时间时,用基数词。,(1),表示几点钟用基数词加,oclock(,可以省略,),。如:,5,:,00,读作,five oclock,或,five,。,三、数词的用法,(2),表示几点过几分,有两种表达方式:第一种是简单地将时和分分别读出。第二种是以半点为分界线,在半点之前,(,包括半点,),用分钟,past,小时;半点之后,以差多少分到下一个时间点的方式表示,即,(60,分钟数,),to,(,小时数,1),。,如:,7,:,05,seven o five,或,five past seven,6,:,30,six thirty,或,half past six(half,表示半点,),8,:,15,eight fifteen,或,fifteen/a quarter past,eight(a quarter,表示一刻钟,),7,:,50,seven fifty,或,ten to eight,11,:,45,eleven forty-five,或,a quarter to twelve,3.,表示年份时,用基数词。,如:,1949,nineteen forty-nine,2015,two thousand and fifteen,(2)表示几点过几分,有两种表达方式:第一种是,4.,表示日期时,用序数词。,如:,10,月,1,日,October the first,或者,the first of October,2008,年,8,月,18,日,Aug.18th,2008,或,the 18th of August,,,2008,5.,表示年龄、身高、体重、物品价格等时,用基数词。,如:表示年龄:,Im 15 (years old).,表示身高:,Im 156 cm (tall).,表示体重:,Im 49 kg.,表示物品的价格:,How much is the meat,?,Its 20,yuan,a kilo.,4. 表示日期时,用序数词。,6.,表示数学运算时,用基数词。,如:,4,6,10,Four and / plus six is ten.,9,6,3,Nine minus six is three.,27,14 Two times seven is fourteen.,155,3 Fifteen divided by five is three.,7.,表示顺序时,用序数词。,如:,The first boy in the line is Mike.,She is the second in our class.,6. 表示数学运算时,用基数词。,8.,表示编号时,既可以用基数词,也可以用序数词。,如:,the first lesson,Lesson One,,,the eighth unit,Unit Eight,【,注,】,名词加基数词的形式中,名词和基数词的首字母都要大写。,9.,分数的表达,分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,先读分子然后读分母,当分子大于,1,时,表示分母的序数词后面要加,s,。如:,1/3,one third,,,2/3 two thirds,8. 表示编号时,既可以用基数词,也可以用序数词。,考点精析,考点 数词的用法,【,例,】,单项填空。,(,)1. I am in,.,A. Class 2,B. Class 2nd,C. 2nd Class,(,)2.,people visited the park this morning.,A. Hundred of B. Hundreds of,C. Several hundreds of,考点精析考点 数词的用法,解析:,第,1,小题考查基数词和序数词的正确用法。在表示编号时,如果用名词加基数词表示,首字母要大写,如果用序数词名词表示,序数词前要加,the,。,C,选项前加上,the,才是正确的选项;第,2,小题考查基数词的复数形式的用法。“好几百”直接在名词,hundred,之后加,s,和,of,, 无需前缀,several.,答案:,1. A,2. B,解析:第1小题考查基数词和序数词的正确用法。在表示编号时,举一反三,1.,单项填空。,( ) (1)The reading room is on the,.,A. third floor,B. Floor 3rd,C. 3 floor,( ) (2)Today is,.,A. the first of May B. the first May C. May first,2.,用英语表达下列日期。,(1)6,月,1,日,(2) 10,月,3,日,(3) 4,月,2,日,(4) 7,月,10,日,(5)9,月,15,日,(6) 8,月,21,日,A,A,June 1st,October 3rd,April 2nd,September 15th,July 10th,August 21st,举一反三AAJune 1stOctober 3rdApril,过关检测,一、按要求写单词。,(,一,),基数词,1. 112,的基数词,(,特殊记忆,),1 _ 2 _,3 _ 4 _,5 _ 6 _,7 _ 8 _,9 _ 10 _,11 _ 12 _,one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,过关检测一、按要求写单词。onetwothreefourfi,2. 1319,的基数词,(,都是以,teen,结尾,),13 _ 14 _,15 _ 16 _,17 _ 18 _,19 _,3.,整十的基数词,(,都是以,ty,结尾,),20 _ 30 _,40 _ 50 _,60 _ 70 _,80 _ 90 _,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,sixty,seventy,eighty,ninety,nineteen,2. 1319的基数词(都是以teen结尾)thirtee,4.,非整十的两位数的基数词,21 _ 45 _,58 _ 96 _,(,二,),序数词,1. 13,的序数词及数字表示方法,第一,_ (_),第二,_ (_),第三,_ (_),twenty-one,forty-five,fifty-eight,ninety-six,first,1st,second,2nd,third,3rd,4. 非整十的两位数的基数词twenty-oneforty-,2. 419,的序数词及数字表示方法,(,除,5,、,9,、,12,,其余都是以基数词加,th,构成的,),第四,_ (_),第五,_ (_),第六,_ (_),第七,_ (_),第八,_ (_),第九,_ (_),第十,_ (_),第十一,_ (_),fourth,4th,fifth,5th,sixth,6th,seventh,7th,eighth,8th,ninth,9th,tenth,10th,eleventh,11th,2. 419的序数词及数字表示方法(除5、9、12,其余都,第十二,_ (_),第十三,_ (_),第十四,_ (_),第十五,_ (_),第十六,_ (_),第十七,_ (_),第十八,_ (_),第十九,_ (_),twelfth,thirteenth,fourteenth,fifteenth,sixteenth,seventeenth,eighteenth,nineteenth,12th,13th,14th,15th,16th,17th,18th,19th,第十二 _ (_)twe,3.,整十的序数词及数字表示方法,(,都是把整十的基数词词尾的,y,改成,i,,然后加,eth),第二十,_ (_),第三十,_ (_),第四十,_ (_),第五十,_ (_),第六十,_ (_),第七十,_ (_),第八十,_ (_),第九十,_ (_),twentieth,20,thirtieth,30,fortieth,40,fiftieth,50,sixtieth,60,seventieth,70,eightieth,80,ninetieth,90,3. 整十的序数词及数字表示方法(都是把整十的基数词词尾的y,4.,其他的两位数的序数词,由基数词“几十几”变化而来,十位数不变,个位数上的基数词变成序数词,中间用连字符“,-”,连接,第二十一,_ (_),第三十二,_ (_),第四十三,_ (_),第五十四,_ (_),第八十九,_ (_),第九十六,_ (_),twenty-first,thirty-second,32nd,21st,forty-third,43rd,fifty-fourth,54th,eighty-ninth,89th,ninety-sixth,96th,4. 其他的两位数的序数词,由基数词“几十几”变化而来,十位,二、在横线上填写合适的数词,把下面的算术题补充完整。,seventeen+eight=_,2. sixty-_=ten,3. ninety+_=ninety-five,4. fourteen+one_,5.thirty-fourteen=_,6.eighteen-seven=_,7.three+eleven=_,8.nine+ten=_,9.five+_=forty-five,10.eight+twelve=_,twenty-five,fifty,five,fifteen,sixteen,eleven,fourteen,nineteen,forty,twenty,二、在横线上填写合适的数词,把下面的算术题补充完整。twen,三、单项填空。,( )1. Please turn to _.,A. Page 11 B. the 11st page C. page the 11th,( )2. There are _ in our classroom.,hundreds books B. some hundreds of books,C. hundreds of books,( )3. There are_ students in our school.,A. fourhundred and forty-five B. four hundred and forty-five,C. four hundreds and forty-five,( )4. May is _ of the year.,A. the fifth months B. the fifth month C. the five months,( )5. _ is Womens Day.,A. March the eighth B. March the eight C. Eight of March,A,C,B,B,A,三、单项填空。ACBBA,四、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。,1. There are t_ months in a season.,2. There are s_ minutes in an hour.,3. Spring is the f_ season of the year.,4. September t_ is Teachers Day.,5. There are f_ seasons in a year.,6. The f_ day of the week is Thursday.,7. T_is the third day of the week.,8. My uncle is 30. My aunt is 2 years younger than him. So my aunt is t_ years old.,9. Nine and nine is e_.,10. Three t_ of the earth is land.,welve,ixty,irst,enth,our,ifth,wenty-eight,ighteen,uesday,enths,四、根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。welveixtyirst,五、看图写时间。,one oclock,five past ten,five oclock,ten to eleven,half past eight,a quarter past nine,五、看图写时间。one oclockfive past t,9,、有时候读书是一种巧妙地避开思考的方法。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,Wednesday, August 21, 2024,10,、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出的人谈话。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,8/21/2024 1:03:29 AM,11,、越是没有本领的就越加自命不凡。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,Aug-24,21-Aug-24,12,、越是无能的人,越喜欢挑剔别人的错儿。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,Wednesday, August 21, 2024,13,、知人者智,自知者明。胜人者有力,自胜者强。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,8/21/2024,14,、意志坚强的人能把世界放在手中像泥块一样任意揉捏。,21 八月 2024,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,15,、最具挑战性的挑战莫过于提升自我。,八月 24,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,8/21/2024,16,、业余生活要有意义,不要越轨。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,21 August 2024,17,、一个人即使已登上顶峰,也仍要自强不息。,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,2024/8/21,Thank You.,You made my day!,-,敢为天下先,勇争第一,9、有时候读书是一种巧妙地避开思考的方法。2023/8/30,
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