非谓语教学讲解课件

,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,*,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,Non-finitive Verbs,非谓语动词,Non-finitive Verbs非谓语动词,1,There is a boy,named,Wang.He really,loves,surfing,the internet.One Sunday morning,not,having done,his homework,he enjoyed himself on,the computer again.He always cant,help,doing,that on Sundays and the games are extremely,exciting,.Suddenly,he,heard,his mother,opening,the door.He immediately,pretended,to be,studying,hard.But it was too late.He,forgot,to,turn,the computer off when his mother entered,his room.And,surfing,the internet,with,his,homework,unfinished,is never allowed by his,mother.,Glancing,at his mothers angry face,he,could do nothing,but,study,without,saying,a word.,定语,宾语,状语,宾语,表语,宾补,宾语,宾语,主语,宾补,状语,宾语,宾语,Enjoy a story and read it,please!,There is a boy named Wang.He,2,非,谓,语,动,词,动名词,分 词,不定式,现在分词,过去分词,非动名词分 词不定式现在分词过去分词,3,非谓语,形式,时态,语态,否定,to do,to do,to be doing,to have done,to be done,to have been done,not,to,do,do-ing,doing,having done,being done,having been done,not,doing,done,done,done,not,done,非谓语动词的构成：,非谓语时态语态否定to doto doto be donen,4,非谓语动词的基本点：,to do,表目的；表将来,2.do-ing,表主动，表进行，表事物的性质，令人,3.done,表被动，表完成，表人的情感，感到,非谓语动词的基本点：,5,1.,Not having done,his homework,he enjoyed,himself on the computer again.,2.,Glancing at,his mothers angry face,he could,do nothing but study without saying a word.,试试看:,1.,He came _(see)me.,2._(see)from the hill,the park looks,more beautiful.,3._(see)from the hill,I found the city,small.,4.While _(read)the book,he nodded,from time to time.,5.Miss Gao _(fall)ill,Mr.Wang took,over her class instead.,to see,Seen,Seeing,reading,falling,1.,非谓语动词做状语：,1.Not having done his homework,6,作状语的区别,to do,：,作状语常常表示目的，,only,加不定式表意料之外的结果。,doing,：,现在分词的动作就是句子主语发出来的，它们之间的关系是主动关系。,done,：,表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。,To make,this cake,youll need 2 eggs,175 g sugar and 175 g flour.,He hurried to the station,only to find,the train had left.,Not knowing,what to do,he went to his parents for help.,Given,more attention,the trees could have grown better.,作状语的区别to do：作状语常常表示目的，only 加不定,7,doing,和,having done,的区别,Not knowing,what to do,he turned to his father for help.,Having finished,his homework,he stopped to have a rest.,=,After finishing,his homework,he stopped to have a rest.,作状语的区别,doing 和 having done 的区别Not kno,8,done,being done,和,having been done,的区别,Heated,water changes into steam.,Given,five minutes,I can finish it.,Being painted,the house is empty.,Having been discussed,for many times,the problem was solved.,Having been shown,around the library,we were taken to the teaching building.,作状语的区别,done,being done 和 having bee,9,注意：,有些分词或者是不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择上不会受到上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：,generally speaking,一般来说；,frankly speaking,坦白的说；,judging by/from,根据,来判断；,considering/taking into consideration,考虑到,;,to tell you the truth,说实话；,seeing,鉴于,由于,;,provided that,如果,;,compared to/with,与,相比,注意：,10,eg.,Judging from,his accent,he is from Hong Kong.,Considering,your health,youd better have a rest.,eg.Judging from his accent,h,11,2.,非谓语动词做定语：,试试看:,She is a teacher_(love)by all the students.,Every day she has a lot of work _(do).And,she is always the last one _(go)back home.,Her students _ (admire)her so much,often go to visit her even after they have,graduated from middle school.,loved,to do,to go,admiring,Hespleasantfellow,toworkwith.,Noneisallowedtosmokeinthe,waiting,room.,Themen,workinghere,areallfromtheruralareas.,There is a boy,named,Ming.,2.非谓语动词做定语：试试看:She is a teache,12,作定语的区别,1,）,to do,表将来，后置,The men,to come,is my teacher,.,The man,to be invited,is a professor,.,2,）,V-ing,表主动，进行，或用途,sleeping,boy,/,boiling,water,sleeping,car,/,swimming,pool,3,）,done,表被动，或完成,written,English,/,spoken English,作定语的区别1）to do 表将来，后置,13,3.,非谓语动词做宾补：,1.Sundays and the games are extremely,exciting.Suddenly,he,heard,his mother,opening,the door.,look at,see,watch,hear,listen to,notice,observe,sb./sth.doing,sb./sth.do,(sb./sth.be seen to do sth.),(sb/sth.be seen doing),let sb.,do,sth.,have sb/sth.,do,sth.,get sb/sth.,to do,sth.,have/get sb./sth.,doing,have/get sth.,done,(主动，,一次性,）,（主动，连续性）,（被动）,make sb.,do,sth.,make sth./oneself,done,sb.be made to do sth.,(主动，,一次性,）,3.非谓语动词做宾补：1.Sundays and the g,14,2.,And surfing,the internet,with,his,homework,unfinished,is never allowed by his,mother.,with,sb/sth+doing sth.,sb./sth.+to do,sb./sth.+done,(,主动）,（目的）,（被动，完成）,非谓语动词做宾补：,2.And surfing the internet wi,15,4.,非谓语动词做主语：,And,surfing,the internet with his,homework unfinished,is never allowed by his,Mother.,注意：,1.动词原形不能做主语。,2.,It+is/was+adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth.,3.It+is/was+no good/no use+doing sth.,试试看:,踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，,我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，,空谈不做是没有用的。,4.非谓语动词做主语：And surfing the int,16,踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，,我下定决心努力学习，不让妈妈失望，但说比做容易，,空谈不做是没有用的。,Playing,football is my favorite.It is very kind,of my mother,to allow,me to play football today.,I have made up my mind to study hard in order,not to make my mother disappointed.But,talking,is easier than doing.It is no use,talking,without,doing anything.,踢足球是我的最爱，妈妈今天允许我踢球真是太好了，Playin,17,1.He really,loves,surfing,the internet.,2.He always cant,help,doing,that on Sundays.,3.He immediately,pretended,to be,studying,hard.,4.He,forgot,to,turn,the computer off when,his mother entered his room.,5.Glancing at his mothers angry face,he,could do nothing,but,study,without,saying,a,word.,5.,非谓语动词做宾语：,1.He really loves surfing the,18,1.He really,loves,surfing,the internet.,非谓语动词做宾语：,begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue,to do sth.,doing sth.,(指具体的动作）,（泛指的行为）,意义差别不大,need,want,require,to be done,doing,=,(需要做什么）,1.He really loves surfing the,19,2.He,forgot,to,turn,the computer off when,his mother entered his room.,注意区别以下动词短语,1).remember/forget/regret to do,remember/forget/regret doing,2).go on to do,go on doing,3).try to do,try doing,4).mean to do,mean doing,5).cant help to do,cant help doing,非谓语动词做宾语：,2.He forgot to turn the comput,20,3.He always cant,help,doing,that on Sundays.,非谓语动词做宾语：,mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,prevent,keep,dislike,avoid,risk,resist,consider,等,+,doing sth.,cant help,feel like,succeed in,be fond of,object to,get down to,be engaged in,insist on,think of,be proud of,take pride in,set about,be tired of,look forward to,devote oneself to,be worth,be busy,pay attention to,stick to,等,+,doing sth.,3.He always cant help doing t,21,4.He immediately,pretended,to be,studying,hard.,hope,want,offer,long,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen,seem,+,to do sth.,pretend,happen,seem,to do sth,.,to be doing sth.,to have done,非谓语动词做宾语：,4.He immediately pretended to,22,5.Glancing at his mothers angry face,he,could do nothing,but,study,without,saying,a,word.,介词宾语一般为,do-ing,形式,但少数动词（如,but,except etc.）,除外.,试试看:,1).I had no choice but _(lie)down,and have a rest.,2).I could,do,nothing but _(watch)TV,for half an hour.,3).,He enjoyed nothing but _(read).,to lie,watch,reading,非谓语动词做宾语：,5.Glancing at his mothers ang,23,The games are extremely,exciting,.,试试看:,My favorite sport is_(play)basketball.,But the news that we have to do the cleaning,is really_(surprise).My job is _,(clean)the)of window.I am very_(tire)it.,3.,非谓语动词做表语：,The games are extremely exciti,24,The games are extremely,exciting,.,试试看:,My favorite sport is,playing,basketball.But the,news that we have to do the cleaning is really,surprising,.My job is,to clean,the window.I am,very,tired,of it.,6.,非谓语动词做表语：,The games are extremely exciti,25,作表语的区别,（,1,）,to do,表示一次具体的动作；时间上表将来,Our job is,to build the house,.,（,2,）,V-ing,表抽象，或主动；相当于形容词,My job is,teaching,.,The news is,surprising,.,（,3,）,done,表示被动，表完成。,He is,married,.,My key is,lost,./He is,gone,.,He was very,excited.,作表语的区别（1）to do 表示一次具体的动作；时间上表将,26,阅读下列句子，观察,:,非谓语动词语逻辑主语的关系,（主动还是被动）,；,与谓语动词时间的关系,（之前、同时还是之后发生）,1.,He,lay there,looking into the sky,.,2.,Driven by a greater demand of vegetables,farmers,have built more green houses.,3.With Fathers Day around the corner,I,have taken some money out of the bank,to buy presents,.,4.,Having failed to reach them on the phone,we,sent an email instead.,5.,She,is said,t,o have just completed,a novel,.,阅读下列句子，观察:1.He lay there,look,27,总结,:,非谓语动词与逻辑主语的关系：,表示,主动,用,V-ing,、,表示,被动,用,V-ed,；,与谓语动词时间的关系：,同时,发生用,:,v-ing,的一般形式,、,发生在之,前,用,:,完成形式；,发生在之,后,用,:,不定式的一般形式,。,总结:,28,一个中心；两个基本点：,一个句子只有一个主语和一个谓语，这是构成句子的核心；出现第二个动词时，如果有连词那就是并列谓语，如果没有连词就使用非谓语。使用非谓语时要,明确两种关系,：,一是与逻辑主语的关系,，与逻辑主语是被动关系使用过去分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系使用现在分词；,第二种关系是非谓语动词发生的时间与谓语动词的关系：,与谓语动词同时发生使用现在分词的一般形式（,doing,）、先于谓语发生使用现在分词的完成形式,(having done),有时也用,(to have done),、后于谓语发生使用不定式的一般形式,(to do).,一个中心；两个基本点：,29,独立主格结构,独立主格结构就是分词有其自己的独立主语，可以不与句子的主语保持一致。独立主格结构没有主语和谓语，在语法上不是句子。此结构在句子中起原因、方式、时间、条件、伴随状语作用。独立主格应该和句子的主体部分分割开来。,独立主格结构 独立主格结构就是分词有其自己的独立主语，可以不,30,He was lying there,covered,by a blanket.,He was lying there,his face covered,by a book.,There being no buses,we had to walk home.,It being Sunday,the library was closed.,Time permitting,well go to the zoo.,He was lying there,covered by,31,归纳总结：,两个句子分别要有自己的主语和谓语，,如果用,并列连词,连接就形成,并列句,；,用,从属连词,连接就构成,复合句,。,但是两部分放在一起，没有连词连接那就是一个句子，就一个主语和谓语，另一部分就是,名词,+,非谓语,。,归纳总结：,32,不定式的复合结构,It is important,for me to,learn English well.,It is polite,of you to,do so.,不定式的复合结构It is important for me,33,动名词的复合结构,me,going there.,my,going there.,He suggested,Tom,going there.,Toms,going there.,My/Toms,going there is refused.,动名词的复合结构,34,用两个复合结构翻译句子：,1.,李明的迟到使得老师很生气。,2.,我现在离开你介意吗？,3.,他对我打电话会很吃惊的。,4.,你在这河里游泳是很危险的。,1.Li Mings being late made his teacher very angry.,2.Do you mind my leaving now?,3.He will be surprised at my calling.,4.Its dangerous for you to swim in the river.,用两个复合结构翻译句子：1.李明的迟到使得老师很生气。2.,35,