高中英语词汇教学策略课件

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,福州教师培训,*,语言学家,Wilkings,:,“Without grammar,very little can be conveyed.,Without,vocabulary,nothing,can be conveyed.”,语言学家Wilkings:,语言学家,LAUFER,通过调查发现，外语学习者如拥有,5000,词汇量，阅读正确率可达,56,，词汇量,6400,，阅读正确率,63,，,5000,词汇量是个阅读所需词汇量的下限。美国语言学家,DILLER,作过一个统计，如果我们认得,25,个最常见的英文单词，那么平均每页纸上的字我们就会认识,1/3,如果我们认识,135,个常用词，平均每页纸上的字，我们则认得,50,，如果认得,2500,个单词，则为,78,，如果,5000,个单词，则为,86,，如果,10000,个单词，则为,92,。他同时认为，外语学习者要想比较顺利阅读中等难度的文章，,10000,个词汇量是最基本的条件。他进一步指出，如果其中,1000,个单词是某一专业的专门词汇，那么，外语学习者在阅读有关该专业的文章时，阅读效率会更高,.,语言学家LAUFER通过调查发现，外语学习者如拥有5000词,20,世纪末世界部分国家中学英语词汇量设置,国家,中学词汇量,俄罗斯,9000,西班牙,6000,日本,5000,南朝鲜,5000,中国（旧大纲）,1800-2300,高中课程标准词汇总量,3600-4100,3,20世纪末世界部分国家中学英语词汇量设置国家中学词汇量俄罗,新课程标准对词汇量的要求,五级：理解和掌握1500-1600个单词和200-300,个习惯用语或固定搭配；,七级：学会使用,2400-2500,个,单词和,300-400,个,习惯用语或固定搭配；,八级：学会使用,3,300,个,左右的单词和,400-500个,习惯用语或固定搭配；,九级：学会使用,4500,个左右的单词和一定数量,的习惯用语或固定搭配。,4,新课程标准对词汇量的要求五级：理解和掌握1500-1600个,考试说明是这样描述的：,英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同的语境会有所不同。能根据上下文正确理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。,思考篇,Why to teach,(,The importance):,考试说明是这样描述的：英语单词的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标,WORD,The,Usage,The spelling,The Part of Speech,The Definition,The Connotations,The,Association,The,Pronunciation,The,Grammar,Behavior,The,derivation,The,Collocation,思考篇,What to teach,:,WORD The UsageThe spellingThe,To understand the word when its spoken or written,To recall it when you need it,To use it with the correct meaning and form.,To pronounce it correctly,To know which other words you can(or cant)use with it,To use it in the right situation,To know if it has positive or negative connotations,To know when and when not to use it,思考篇,Aim of teaching,To understand the word when it,（,1,）通过周密地控制或安排阅读材料中的词汇，使学生接触,目标词汇；,（,2,）在生词自然出现时介绍词汇的意思；,（,3,）把词汇教学与其他教学活动结合,起来；,（,4,）单独的词汇教学活动。我们可以把这些方法作为高中英语词汇教学的,“,宏观策,略,”,来指导我们的实践。,实践篇,How should vocabulary be taught?,:,（1）通过周密地控制或安排阅读材料中的词汇，使学生,语词汇教学研究者对词汇教学的途径取得了广泛的共识,:,一,是直接教学法，即以词汇教学为教学目标，对词的结构、意义和用法进行分析、讲解和操练。其优点是效率比较高，不足之处是学生从语境中猜测词义的机会较少。,二,是间接教学法，即通过阅读、听说等活动，间接地达到扩大词汇量的目的。其优点是学生可以从多种不同的语境中学习词汇的意义和用法，缺点是不够集中，效率较低。,实践篇,How should vocabulary be taught?,:,语词汇教学研究者对词汇教学的途径取得了广泛的共识:实,策略一：发掘同根词，掌握构词法常识。,策略二,：分类强化，关注特殊，重点突破。,策略三：重视熟词生义,/,新性适度拓展,策略四：重视具体语境下的词汇应用训练。,策略五：坚持不懈，持之以恒：每日,5-10,分钟；阅读中积累、增加词汇量；,策略六：词汇扩展本：对于复习阶段在阅读等中遇到的生词，要及时摘抄到词汇扩展本上，并不时复习、巩固。,策略七：与时俱进，使用一些网络背单词工具，比如百词斩，扇贝打卡等。,Hold,住高分策略,实践篇,How should vocabulary be taught?,:,策略一：发掘同根词，掌握构词法常识。Hold住高分策略实践篇,进行词汇教学的实践,:,1.,实践,课例一,：用上下文学习和掌握词义,2.,实践课例二,：幽默联想找单词间规律，自编自用,3.,实践课例三,：用头脑风暴和思维导图建词汇库,4.,实践课例四,：外形联想法记忆,5.,实践课例五,：用多手段加大语言输入，巩固和扩大词汇,6.,实践课例六,：配情景图片、用真实语境，促词汇活用,7.,实践课例七,：在任务型教学中促学词汇,进行词汇教学的实践:1.实践课例一：用上下文学习和掌握词义2,My par,ent,s are,pres,ent,ing,the people,pres,ent,with,pres,ent,s,at,pres,ent,.,The boy,laying,the table,lied,that the hen,lying,there had just,laid,two big eggs.,The,sleeping,child is sound,asleep,now,so by the time he is awake,he wont feel,sleepy,.,Example1:,一词多义,My parents are presenting the,说（,say,speak,tell,talk,）,explain,repeat,shout,whisper,add,report,reply(answer),continue,announce,declare,suggest/advise,murmur,demand,agree,refuse,complain,imply,admit,解释说,重复说,大声说,低声说,补充说,报告说,暗示说,回答说,承认说,埋怨说,继续说,拒绝说,要求说,宣布说,同意说,咕哝说,宣布说,建议说,Example2:,“说”的表达方式,(,一义多词,),说（say,speak,tell,ta,Example2:,“说”的表达方式,(,一义多词,),静,Quiet,Calm,Still,Silent,Example2:“说”的表达方式(一义多词)静Qui,Example3:,词汇教学语境化,Today is my birthday.When I came home with a,light,heart,（,adj.,轻松的）,my parents were busy preparing dinner.The,light,in the room was poor,（,n.,光线）,so I turned on the,lights,（,n.,灯）,.Now our room was bright with all the,lights,on.,（,n.,灯）,Soon dinner was ready.My father turned off the,lights,（,n.,灯）,and,lighted,（,v.,点燃）,the candles on the cake which,lit,up,（,v.,照亮，使明亮）,the room.,Light,music,（轻音乐）,was played.I prayed for my dream.When I opened my eyes,the,lights,（,n.,灯）,were on again.In my mothers hand lay a present which was a,light,（,adj.,轻的）,silk scarf with a,light,(adj.,浅色的，淡色的,)blue flower in the middle.How beautiful it was!How happy I was!,Example3:词汇教学语境化,1.,Negroes,and,heroes,like to eat,potatoes,and,tomatoes from the volcanoes,.,2.There is a,mutton,and a,button,at the,bottom,of,the,bottle.,3.Does your,lover love,your,glove,?,4.Believe it or not,the,sweat,in my,sweater,is,sweet,so Id like to,eat,it.,5.,恐怖分子飞机,clash,了世贸大厦，飞机,crash,了，,世贸,smash,了，变成了,ash,，小,Bush,感到很,abash,，,因为他需要很多,cash,。,Example1:,幽默地利用联想，,找单词之间规律，自编自用,1.Negroes and heroes like to,冬日找工作,空气中透着,chill(,寒意,),吞下了两颗,pill(,药丸,),出门走去,woolen mill(,毛纺厂,),一定把梦想,fulfill(,实现,),心里激动身体,thrill(,发抖,),牛奶不慎被,spill(,洒落,),唉,!,天不从人,will(,意愿,),还是卖肉回家,grill(,烧烤,),先把肚子,fulfill(,填满,),犒劳自己,鼓起极大的,nerve(,勇气,),把豪华酒店,reserve(,预定,),享受专人来,serve(,伺候,),这一切我都,deserve(,值得,),Example2:,规律词幽默串烧，自编自用,冬日找工作犒劳自己Example2:规律词幽默串烧，自编自用,潇洒活一把,生活别把人,rely(,依靠,),自己的信念,comply(,遵守,),喜欢的职位,apply(,申请,),自由自在,butterfly(,蝴蝶,),Example3:,规律词幽默串烧，自编自用,村长选举,村里正在,elect(,选举,),要把村长,select(,挑选,),民意正在,collect(,搜集,),讲的虽是,dialect(,方言,),内容不能,neglect(,忽视,),潇洒活一把Example3:规律词幽默串烧，自编自用村长选举,祝英台的心愿,梁兄是我,classmate(,同班同学,),平日与我,intimate(,亲密的,),对我十分,considerate(,体贴的,),梦想成为他的,mate(,配偶,),可在离别的,date(,日子,),他却把我,irritate(,激怒,),未成心愿,ultimate(,最终的,),只能说成,：“,Thats fate(,命运,),！”,Example4:,规律词幽默串烧，自编自用,祝英台的心愿Example4:规律词幽默串烧，自编自用,friendship,F:,R:,E:,N:,D:,S:,H:,I:,P:,faithful,frank,friendly,fair,real,reliable,responsible,respectful,easy-going,everlasting,encouraging,equal,nice,noble,devoted,determined,dynamic,sincere,secure,selfless,smart,helpful,honest,hopeful,independent,inspiring,polite,patient,pleasant,Example1,一词辐射,friendshipF:R:E:N:D:S:H:I:P:fa,husband,H:,U:,S:,B:,A:,N:,D:,Housing,Understanding,sharing,buying,and,never,demanding,Example1,一词辐射,Then what about“wife”?,husbandH:U:S:B:A:N:D:Housing,Washing,Ironing,Food,Entertainment,Wife,Washing Wife,What to take when traveling?,backpack,suitcase,credit,card,ID cards/passports,a cell phone,some,food,medicine,camera,an atlas,compass,umbrella,mobile,phone,match,Example2:,中心主题的“顺藤摸瓜”,What to take when traveling?ba,1.amaze/amuze 2.bound/round,3.brave/grave 4.bunch/brunch,5.block/black 6.peach/beach,7.blood/flood 8.insect/insert,9.adopt/adpat 10.gain/pain,11.award/aware 12.tough/rough 13.concept/concert 14.content/context 15.certain/curtain 16.dawn/down,17.tour/pour 18.patent/patient,Example1,:,利用相似“长相”,1.amaze/amuze,只有,lank,瘦又长,b,在,lank,前变空格,(blank),f,在,lank,前是侧翼,(flank),p,在,lank,前厚木板,(plank),lank,变,rank,是排名,前面加,C,是曲柄,(crank),前面加,f,真坦白,(frank),前面加,p,才是恶作剧,(prank),Example2,:,利用相似“长相”,只有lank瘦又长,Example2:利,A.,动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词的,特殊变化形式,light(lit,lit,或,-ed,-ed),v,n&a,hang(hung,hung,或,ed,，,-ed)v,wind(wound,wound,或,-ed,-ed),occur,red,;refer,red,;prefer,red,;ban,ned,;,picnic-picnic,ked,/picnic,king,),；,deal-dealt-dealt,beat-,beat,-beaten,注意,:offer-offe,red,B.,词形变化不同，,用法,或,意义,不同的。如：,分类强化，关注特殊，重点突破,高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,A.动词过去式、过去分词、现在分词的特殊变化形式,1.,根据上下文关系猜词,Unlike his brother,who is truly a handsome man,John is quite,homely,“,homely”means“,”.,A.Comfortable B.familiar C.easy D.Ugly,2.,根据词性转化,Many people crowded the,house,.To our relief,the government,housed,the victims right after,the earthquake.,A.,关注熟词生义、适度拓展。,高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,1.根据上下文关系猜词Unlike his brother,3.,根据构词法,But child experts are now learning about that too much praise can lead to the opposite effect.,Praise-aholic kids,who expect it at every turn may become teens who seek the same kind of approval from their friends.,Tired of being praised,B.Worthy of being praised,C.Very proud of being praised,D.Extremely fond of being praised,高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,A.,关注熟词生义、适度拓展。,3.根据构词法 But child expe,4.,平时注意积累常见词不常见义,(Book1 Unit5 Nelson Mandela,）,(Book8 unit4 Pygmalion),(Book7 Unit4 Sharing),The last 30 years have,seen,the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress.,I know youre dying to hear all about my life here,so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about.,You can place,a man by just a few remarks.,高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,A.,关注熟词生义、适度拓展。,4.平时注意积累常见词不常见义 (Book1 Unit5,1)can(modal v);can(n);,2)close(v);close(a&ad),3)fair(a);fair(n.),4)firm(n.);firm(a),5)flat(n);flat(a),6)fall(fell,fallen)(v);fall(Am)=autumn,7)kind(n);kind(a),8)fly(flew,flown)(v);fly(n),B.,关注,18,对“熟词新性”的词,高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,1)can(modal v);can(n);,9)lie(n lie(lay,lain)(v),10)miss(v);miss(n),11)mine(pron);mine(n&v),12)make(made,made)(v);make(n),13)patient(n);patient(a)14)post(n);post(v&n),15)present(a present(n),16)tear(tore,torn)(v);tear(n),17)bow(v);bow(n),18)press(v);press(n),高考英语词汇复习,Hold,住高分,B.,关注,18,对“熟词新性”的词,9)lie(n lie(lay,la,词组教学为难点重点！,词组教学为难点重点！,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,33,遗忘先慢后快的规律,4,小时,9,小时,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线33遗忘先慢后快的规律4小时9小时,1.,及时强化原则,34,词汇记得快，忘得也快，能否及时复习关系重大。根据,“,艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线,”,的遗忘先快后慢的规律，学生记忆过的词汇在,4,小时，最迟在,9,小时内一定要复习一遍。培养学生养成及时的复习强化的习惯是词汇教学成功的关键。,Kachroo(1962),研究发现，要成功地记住一个生词，学生至少得连续遇到它七次，而,Saragi et a1(1978),则指出不断地碰到一个单词,16,次之后，学生才能自然地记住它。在中国学生不具备广泛阅读的条件下，定期复习加深记忆显得更为重要。,1.及时强化原则 34词汇记得快，忘得也快，能否及时复习关系,2.,学以致用原则,35,学以致用的四个主要途径,一、用刚学过的单词造句或在口语或写作中运用；,二、持之以恒的课外阅读；视频，美剧，歌曲。,三、做适量的词汇题和其他类型的典型试题；,四、适量的汉译英练习（,Chinglish,现象）；,五、写英语日记。,2.学以致用原则 35学以致用的四个主要途径,高中英语词汇教学策略课件,Make up a story using the words in the unit.,Book7 unit 2 Robots,Sympathy,satisfaction,accompany,elegant,awful,divorce,imagine,obey,envy,declare.,Make up a story using the word,One possible version.,My best friend Tom is in an,awful,state recently because his parents got,divorced,.When I heard Tom,declare,the news,I cant,imagine,my ears.Toms mother was an,elegant,lady who always,obeyed,his fathers orders.I used to,envy,Tom his beautiful and kind mother.Now,as his best friend,I feel obliged to,accompany,him and show my,sympathy,for him.To my,satisfaction,Tom recovers from the terrible mood quite soon.,One possible version.,