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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,IELTS Research&Development Centre,Wuhan Branch,Global IELTS,Global English,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,LECTURE THREE,小标题,1,LECTURE THREE1,First things first,基础较好,List of heading,则一般先做,List of heading,题出现在文章前，要特别注意不要漏做,在真实考试中，每个标题只用一次,例子中已经选过的段落可以直接去掉,注意不要写串答案,2,First things first基础较好,List of,Heading,两大解题方法：,1.,文章着手,:,抓住文章每段的主题句,（特殊：把握具体名词的所属类别）,2.,选项着手,:,A:,抓住每个,heading,中的,KEY WORDS,B:,判断,heading,的语法逻辑关系,3,Heading 两大解题方法：1.文章着手:3,判断原则,:,正确的,heading,一般都是文章主题句的改写或浓缩,替换现象十分明显,1.,文章具体，选项更抽象概括,2.,文章措辞更难,4,判断原则:正确的heading 一般都是文章主题句的改写或浓,Method 1:,查找,topic sentence,1.read the 1,st,2,nd,and last sentence of every paragraph to find the topic sentence,2.check which heading corresponds with the topic sentence,5,Method 1:查找 topic sentence 1,Follow the following procedure,The,1,st,2,nd,&,the,Last,Sentences,Topic Sentence,Main Idea,Most suitable Heading,List of Headings,6,Follow the following procedure,III,主题句与支持句练习,In a growing number of hotels and skyscrapers across the nation,steel walls have replaced the foot-thick brick and mortar walls once used.Tests show that a steel wall four inches thick has better insulating qualities than a 12-inch thickness of masonry.In addition,steel-curtain wall panels save both time and labor.And the floor space conserves red by use of the thin wall as against the thick wall in a big office building can mean a couple of hundred dollars a year in rentals.,Topic sentence and supporting details?,Topic sentence:,a growing number of hotels and skyscrapers use steel walls instead of brick-and-mortar walls.,Supporting ideas:,1)A steel wall has better insulating properties.,2)Steel wall panels save time and labor.,3)A steel wall conserves floor space.,7,III 主题句与支持句练习 In a growin,Some Shortcuts,主题句一定是包含性最强的句子,1.,例句不是主题句,2.,问句不是主题句,3.,从句不是主题句,4.,明显包含细节的句子不是主题句,5.however,出现后看后半句,6.sb believe/hold/imply,等引导的宾从是主句,7.In spite of/despite,看后半句,8.,平行关系的段落没有主题句,8,Some Shortcuts主题句一定是包含性最强的句子8,段落主题句还可能是：,定义句型：,A is defined as,/is known as,A is,/,Namely/That is,/This is,9,段落主题句还可能是：定义句型：9,特例：,no topic sentence,Mastery of theme,主旨,Topic,趋势,10,特例：no topic sentenceMastery o,Topic,Topic,是段落的中心，是整段描述的重点。,Feature:,1.,某特定单词反复出现,2.,以指代词形式出现,3.,以同义词,/,近义词,/,同类词的形式出现,11,TopicTopic是段落的中心，是整段描述的重点。11,特例：,no topic sentence,某些段落主题句不明显，是一系列细节的罗列，此时需要归纳出它们所属的类别。,Paragraph C:,There is a toaster oven,a blender,and a can opener on one counter.I have a microwave oven on another.In my cupboard,you can find a mixer and a hot air popcorn popper.On the far side of the kitchen,there is a coffee machine and coffee grinder.,Heading 4 kitchen utensils,12,特例：no topic sentence某些段落主题句不明,Method 2:Analysis of headings,A:,分析每个,heading,的核心词汇,反向去推断相应段落的可能内容,13,Method 2:Analysis of headings,分析,1.Heading,中有,either,or,and,等表示并列平行关系,相应段落会同时谈到几方面,2.,有,because,则相应段落会出现因果关系词汇,3.,含有反义词的,Heading,会谈到正反两方面内容,如,:Two factors have led to a broader range of options for all,adequate and inadequate explanation of,14,分析1.Heading中有eitheror,and等表,特殊,heading,：,含有,rate/ratio/proportion/percentage,等词的,Heading,往往对应,%,多的段落,含有,number/figure/statistics/demographics,等词的,Heading,往往对应数字集中的段落,含有,financial/business/income/revenue/salary/wage/commercial,等词的,Heading,往往对应￥,$,符号多的段落,15,特殊 heading：15,特殊,Heading,：,TWINS,：,两个,Headings,形式相同或者互成反义选项,其中必有一个是正确答案,16,特殊 Heading：TWINS：16,Method 2:analysis of headings,B:,分析,heading,的关键词汇,从而反向推断相应段落的位置，即开头、中间和结尾,17,Method 2:analysis of headings,Hints from words in the headings,1.words signifying,the beginning,of a passage,2.words signifying,the middle parts,of a passage,3.words signifying,the end,of a passage,18,Hints from words in the headin,1.words signifying the beginning,（,1,）名词,+of+,文章主标题,concept,conception,introduction,definition,explanation,notion,core,essence,justification,view/main idea/demonstration/orientation/initiation,what,is,+,文章主标题,（,2,）动词,+,文章主标题,define,justify,（,3,）形容词,+,名词,+of+,文章主标题,basic,intrinsic,fundamental,+,factors/,elements of+topic,19,1.words signifying the beginn,2.words signifying the middle,（,1,）所有的比较选项,compare,contrast,rival,similar,match,coincide,with,contrary,to,opposite,to,versus,akin,to,alien,to,（,2,）数字选项,data,figure,demography,demographic,statistic,census,calculation,（,3,）百分比选项,rate,ratio,percentage,proportion,density,20,2.words signifying the middle,（,4,）金钱符号选项,wage,income,cost,expense,expenditure,revenue,salary,（,5,）时间指示词,decade,generation,ages,long,time,long,term,long,tradition,long,process,long,procedure,century heritage,21,（4）金钱符号选项wage,income,cost,3.words signifying the ending,effect(affect),impact,consequence,result,generalization,conclusion,summary/aftermath/anticipation,Prospect/vision+,文章的,TOPIC,22,3.words signifying the ending,23,23,24,24,25,25,26,26,27,27,28,28,29,29,30,30,31,31,32,32,
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