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自然拼读课程自然拼读课程Phonics 2024/7/22自然拼读课程Phonics2023/8/16Phonics自然发音法是一套用自然记忆自然发音法是一套用自然记忆 的方式,建立字母与发音的直觉音感。不的方式,建立字母与发音的直觉音感。不 用借助音标,看着字母就可以直接读出该用借助音标,看着字母就可以直接读出该 词的发音,解决单词不会读,无法拼的问词的发音,解决单词不会读,无法拼的问 题。题。简单说:简单说:“自然拼读法自然拼读法”是教学生如何看词读音或是听音拼词的方法。是教学生如何看词读音或是听音拼词的方法。2024/7/222023/8/16为什么要学习自然拼读法?为什么要学习自然拼读法?美国斯坦佛大学曾经以计算机分析字母与音位的对美国斯坦佛大学曾经以计算机分析字母与音位的对应关系,结果发现应关系,结果发现17,008个常用词中个常用词中84%的字母与其读音是完全对应的的字母与其读音是完全对应的13%的字母与其读音是不完全对应的的字母与其读音是不完全对应的 3%的字母与其读音的对应关系完全无法预测的字母与其读音的对应关系完全无法预测2024/7/22为什么要学习自然拼读法?美国斯坦佛大学曾经以计算机分析字母与自然拼读法可以帮助学生自然拼读法可以帮助学生 见词能读见词能读 听词能写听词能写 不容易遗忘不容易遗忘 提高阅读和写作能力提高阅读和写作能力2024/7/22自然拼读法可以帮助学生 一、一、同形不同音的字母及音标同形不同音的字母及音标b/b/book big bag box/d/ddesk doll dog dadf/f/fine friend fly foot fanh/h/hat he house handj/d/jeep jam jacket jark/k/kite cake black thank2024/7/22一、同形不同音的字母及音标b/b/book big bagl/l/leg left ruler flag lamp/l/apple bowl tell oldm/m/am map my mouthn/n/no know new handp/p/map jeep pig peaqu/kw/quite quilt quick同形不同音的字母及音标同形不同音的字母及音标2024/7/22l/l/leg left ruler flag lamp/lr/r/red radio brother racket/t/tit sit not that table littlev/v/five vase very sevenw/w/we window watch wantx/ks/box six foxz/z/zip zoo同形不同音的字母及音标同形不同音的字母及音标2024/7/22r/r/red radio brother racket/tVowelU uO oI iE eA aVowel2024/7/22VowelU uO oI iE eA aVowel2023/二、开音节与闭音节二、开音节与闭音节1)音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节开音节又可以分为绝对开音节和相对开音节A.绝对开音节:是指一个元音音素后面没有辅音音素 而构成的音节例如:we,hi,yo-yo,hi,no,be 等 B.相对开音节:是指一个元音音素后面有一个辅音音素(除r)之外,最后是一个不发音的e字母构成的音节,例如:take,make 2024/7/22二、开音节与闭音节1)音节按读音可以分为开音节和闭音节开音节闭音节:指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节闭音节元音字母 a,e,i(y),o,u 在重读闭音节中分别读 /e/i/如 hand,help,lip,gym,hot,club.2024/7/22闭音节:指元音字母后面有辅音字母(辅音字母r除外)构成的音节II.Magic EA AT ATEBE BED BEDEHI HID HIDENO NOT NOTEU US USE2024/7/22II.Magic EA AT a-eMagic E(神奇的E)cake take lake make face name page e-ethese theme eve eveningo-enose coke rose rope hope pose i-etime five nine white write like lime rideu-ecute cube huge tube use2024/7/22a-eMagic E(神奇的E)cake take ai,ay 读/ei/如 wait,aid;day,may.ei,ey 读/ei/如 veil,weight;grey,they,conveyoa,oe 读/u/如 load,coat,toe三、元音间的字母组合发音ue,ui 读/u:/如 glue,suit,blue,fruit2024/7/22 ai,ay 读/ei/如 wait,aid;d ea,ee 读/i:/如 eat,cheap;deep,need ie,(c)ei 读/i:/如 field,believe;receive,ceilingoa 读/u/如 road,soap,boat ue 读/ju:/如 Tuesday,value,pursue元音间的字母组合发音2024/7/22 ea,ee 读/i:/如 eat,cheap;四、r音节 指以字母r或r+辅音字母结尾的音节 在r音节中:ar 读/:/,or 读/:/er,ir,yr,ur 都读/:/注:在/w/音后,ar读/:/,如 war,warm,warn;or读/:/,如 word,work,world,worse.2024/7/22四、r音节 指以字母r或r+辅音字母结尾的音节 在r元音字母与r&re音节的示例ar a:armchair card arm car cart park garden farmer sister brother marker rooster under mother winter ir:dirty bird birthday circus girl dirt circleor:order fork porkur:hurt turkey turtle surfing nurse purse furdoctor actor favor 2024/7/22元音字母与r&re音节的示例ar a:armchare音节 指元音字母与 re 结合而成的音节。在re音节中:are读/e/,ere读/i/,ire,yre读/ai/,ore读/:/,ure读/ju/元音字母与r&re音节的示例are e hare scare square stareere i here mere severeire ai fire wire tire entireore:more fore core before storeure ju cure pure endurewhere there e 2024/7/22re音节 指元音字母与 re 结合而成的音节。在re音节中五、元音字母O的组合oou cook book look good foot bootow au now how cow ou au mouth shout mouse loud house proudoi/oy i oil toy noise boy u:school noodles food zoo u window bow low pillow blow slow2024/7/22五、元音字母O的组合oou cook book look四、辅音字母的读音规则1.c 在字母e,i,y前读/s/如cell,city,cyber其余情况下读/k/如cat,club,code2.g 在字母e,i,y前读/如gene,gin,gym 其余情况下读/g/如beg,golf,game3.s 多数情况下读/s/如six,desk,yes有时读/z/如is,his,visit2024/7/22四、辅音字母的读音规则1.c 在字母e,i,y前读/s辅音字母的读音规则4.x 处于两元音字母之间,且其后元音重读时,读/gz/如exist,exam其余情况下读/ks/如six,next,excuse 5.q 读/k/,常和u在一起读/kw/如quick,question2024/7/22辅音字母的读音规则4.x 处于两元音字母之间,且其后元音五、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音1.a在w音后面读/want what watch wash quality2.a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前:如 after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father3.i在-nd-ld和gh前读ai find child light high4.o在-st-ld前 u most postcard old cold 在m n v th前 come monkey love mother5.元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读u:音 例如:June blue ruler super2024/7/22五、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音1.a在w音后面读 六、辅音字母组合的读音规则1.ch,tch 读/,如China,much;catch,match2.ph,gh 读/f/,如photo,phone3.sh 读/,如shape,she,short,fish4.th 多数情况下读/,如 three,third但有时读/,如 that,than,with.(读/时可下画一线).5.dg,dj 读/,如judge,lodging;adjust,adjective.2024/7/22六、辅音字母组合的读音规则1.ch,tch 读/6.wh 在字母o前读/h/,如 who,whom,whose(其中的字母o读/u:/)其余情况下读/w/,如which,when,why7.n 在和字母g构成字母组合时,以及处于读/g/或/k/的字母前(如c,g,k等)读/如long,thing,length;angry,finger;drink,think,thank,long.8.gu 在元音前读/g/,如guess,guide,guest;在字母n后读/gw/,如language distinguish,linguist辅音字母组合的读音规则2024/7/226.wh 在字母o前读/h/,如 who,whom,七、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1.a,o,u 读/,如 China,second,difficult2.e,i,y 读/i/,如 result,victim,happy2024/7/22七、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音规则1.a,o,八、元音字母组合的读音规则1.au,aw 读/:/,如 cause,aural,launch,sauce,law,dawn2.eu,ew(iew)读/ju:/,如 neutral,deuce;new,view,review3.air,aer 读/e/,如 air,fair;aerial,aeroplane4.ear,eer 读/i/如 ear,clear;beer,deer2024/7/22八、元音字母组合的读音规则1.au,aw 读/5.our 读/au/如 our,sour,hour6.igh 读/ai/,如 high,light,might,night7.augh,ough 读/:/,如 daughter,caught,taught;ought,fought,thought8.oul 在 could,should,would 中读/u/元音字母组合的读音规则2024/7/225.our 读/au/如 our,sour九、几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则1.a 在后缀-ace,-ade,-age,-ate中读/i/,如 palace,comrade,village,accurate2.e 在后缀-el,-en,-ent,-ence,-ency中读/,如cruel,open,student,silence,fluency3.i 在后缀-ible中读/,如 possible4.ai,ay,ei,ey 在非重读音节中一般弱读为/i/,如mountain,Friday,forfeit,valley2024/7/22九、几个非重读后缀或字母组合的读音规则1.a 在后缀-十、其他字母组合的读音规则1.-ful 读/ful/,如 helpful,harmful,useful2.-gue 读/g/,如 dialogue,catalogue3.-que 读/k/,如 cheque,picturesque4.-ous 读/s/,如 famous,generous,nervous5.-our 读/,如 favour,honour,labour6.-ure 读/,如 figure,injure.但在failure中读/j/2024/7/22十、其他字母组合的读音规则1.-ful 读/ful/7.-ow 读/u/,如 window,yellow,pillow8.-ture 读/,如 picture,culture,furniture9.-ion 读/n/,如 fashion,cushion10.-stion 读/sn/,如 question,sugestion,digestion11.-i 在字母 d,t,n,l 后,且在元音字母前,读/j/。如 audience,frontier,opinion,familar其他字母组合的读音规则2024/7/227.-ow 读/u/,如 window,yel十一、其他读音规则oo1.读/u/A.在字母k前(book,look,took)B.在good,foot,stood,wood,wool中C.在派生词goodness,football,woolen中2.读/u:/在其余情况下读/u:/,如:cool,food,loose,room,zoo3.读/在flood,blood及其派生词(flooding,bloodless等)中读/2024/7/22十一、其他读音规则oo1.读/u/A.在字母k前(1.-sure在元音字母后读/,如 closure,exposure在辅音字母后读/,如 pressure,flexure(x=ks)2.-sion在元音字母后读/n/,如 vsion,occasion,divsion在辅音字母后读/n/,如 discussion,impression,expansion3.-ce,-ci,-si,-ti,-xi 在字母 a,e,o 前读/如:ocean;social;Asia;partial;Egyptian;suffcient;patient;prcious;Russian;anxious其他读音规则2024/7/221.-sure在元音字母后读/,如 closure十二、其他组合kn:knit knob knee knife knockwr:write wrist wrinkle wrap wreathmb:bomb thumb lamb numb comb crumbsp:spell spider spinach spaceship spoonst:store star storm stamp stockings stick student standsc:scale scarf scarecrow scooter scorpion scoop scannersk:skirt skunk skis skates2024/7/22十二、其他组合kn:knit knob knee knifVII.Consonant Blends:BeginningS-family(st,sk,sp,)R-family(gr,br,dr,cr,pr,tr,wr)L-family(fl,bl,cl,kl,pl,sl)EndingN-family(nt,nd,nk)Others(mp,st)Three letters(scr,spl,str,spr)2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:BeginninVII.Consonant Blends:st:student stone stopsp:speak space spoonsc:scary scarf scarsk:sky skirt skateS-family(st,sk,sp,)2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:st:studeVII.Consonant Blends:bl:block blond hair blousepl:plum plate planegl:glue glasses glovecl:clay class clonefl:fly dragonfly butterflyL-family(fl,bl,cl,kl,pl,sl)2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:bl:blockVII.Consonant Blends:br:brown broom brickpr:pray prince princessgr:grape grey grincr:cry crazy crownR-family(gr,br,dr,cr,pr,tr,wr)2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:br:brownVII.Consonant Blends:fr:Friday friend fruittr:tree track tripdr:driver dream draw2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:fr:FridaVII.Consonant Blends:sl:slid slide slowsn:snake snap snailsm:smoke smooth smilesw:swan sweater switch2024/7/22VII.Consonant Blends:sl:slid VIII.Consonant Digraphs:ch:cherry watch beachck:duck clock blockssh:sheet ship sheep2024/7/22VIII.Consonant Digraphs:ch:chVIII.Consonant Digraphs:gh:laugh cough toughph:trophy photo elephantth:think three thank2024/7/22VIII.Consonant Digraphs:gh:laVIII.Consonant Digraphs:th:leather weather togetherwh:whale white wheelwr:wrinkle write wreath2024/7/22VIII.Consonant Digraphs:th:leVIIII.Others:ing:king ring swingew:new dew nephewall:wall ball tallal:salt walk talk2024/7/22VIIII.Others:ing:king ringTongue twisters(绕口令)(绕口令)关于字母组合关于字母组合ee的发音。的发音。What can you see?I can see a bee.Where is the bee?Its in the tree.What colour is the tree?It is green.I can see a bee in the green tree.Revision2024/7/22Tongue twisters(绕口令)Revision20Tongue twisters(绕口令)(绕口令)关于字母组合关于字母组合ow的发音。的发音。Snow snow/Fall slow/On the window/That is yellow.2024/7/22Tongue twisters(绕口令)关于字母组合ow的发2024/7/22Thank you very much!2023/8/16
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