课前热身体验课件

课课 前前 热热 身身 体体 验验 课课 内内 重重 点点 操操 练练 .你能根据所提供的语境、中文提示或英语首字母，完成句中单词的拼写吗？1.Her temperature is still rising.2.After the attack he was given police protection.3.It is traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanks-giving Day.4.Ive bought a few toys to amuse the children.5.“You look lovely,”he said,with an appreciative(赞赏的)smile.6.In earlier times sailors were guided(引路)by the stars.7.They havent got the technical(技术的)knowledgeto develop nuclear weapons.8.The famine caused great hardship and suffering(苦难).9.There must be silence(安静)during examinations.10.We hope that you will consider our offer accep-table(可接纳的).你还记得它们的英语吗？1.充当，起作用；担当，扮演 act as 2.农产品 agricultural products 3.化肥 chemical fertilizers 4.对有害 be harmful to 5.对友好 be friendly to 6.依靠 depend on 7.高科技 high technology 8.作为而有名 be known as 9.代表，是意思 stand for 10.换句话说 in other words 11.不同种类的 a variety of 12.在恰当的时候 at the right time 13.锄草 remove weeds 14.想到，记得 have in mind 15.即使 even if 16.追溯 date back to/date from 17.利用 make use of 18.与相处得好 be on good terms with 19.朝相反的方向 in the other direction 20.惊讶地 in surprise 21.把看作 look onas .试试你的翻译水平，好吗？(根据所给的汉语和英文提示完成下列句子)1.在20世纪80年代就从国外引进了更先进的科技信息。(bring in)More advanced technical information was brought infrom abroad in the 1980s.2.为了尽可能利用田地，在可以种植作物地地方，每年都种两种或更多的作物。(as muchas)To make as much use of the land as possible,two or more crops are planted each year where possible.3.这样可以节约时间，还能让农民在每一季另种一茬作物。(allow)This saves time and allows farmers to grow an extracrop in each season.4.据我所知，最好的事莫过于种稻。(as far as)As far as I can see,the best thing would be to grow rice.5.回溯到清朝,传统相声已经让全中国的人笑了几个世纪。(date back to)Dating back to the Qing Dynasty,the traditional crosstalk shows have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.单词点睛 试一试，好吗？(改正下列各句中的错误)1.Move your hat while you are greeting with a lady.move改为remove 2.He is a person to be depended.depended后加上介词on 3.This book is a guide of the British Museum.of改为to 4.The house I am going to buy is in a quiet conditions.conditions改为situation 5.I intended he must do it at once.must改为should或删去 6.The reason why she didnt come to school was that she was suffering a bad headache.suffering后加上from 7.My uncles job is to operate on a machine.去掉on 8.All the passengers went to the direction of the state.to改为in 9.She had a cold during Christmas.during改为over 10.My brother and his wife are a happy pair.pair 改为couple 【用法点拨】1.remove v.&n.词 义v.移开；从机构开除；去除，排除(过去式和过去分词：-d,-d;现在分词:removing)n.距离，差距，间距 必记搭配 remove sth/sb from sth/sb 从某处移开；去掉；从某机构开除 必掌握词组be far/further/furthest removed from 与大相径庭，与不相干 but/only one/a remove from 与相隔不远(指程度或亲属关系)例Yesterday my husband removed the gate and Rex got so annoyed.昨天,我丈夫把大门拆掉了,雷克斯很生气。Please remove the cloth from the table.请把桌上的桌布拿走。He is but one remove from me.他和我仅隔着一代。His cruelty was only one remove from crime.他的残忍在程度上仅次于犯罪。2.depend vi.词 义依靠，依赖(过去式和过去分词:-ed,-ed;现在分词:-ing)派生词dependable adj.可信赖的，可靠的 dependent adj.依靠的；有瘾的 n.(相当于dependant)受抚养者(尤指孩子)，靠他人生活者 同/近义词 rely 必记搭配That depends./It all depends.那得看情况 depend on/upon sb/sth依靠，信赖；确信，指望；取决于depend on+wh从句 例He was the sort of man that you can depend on.他是那种你可以依靠的男人。I shouldnt be too late.But it depends if the traffics bad.我应该不会太晚。不过这要看交通是否拥挤。高考示例 2000年年上海卷上海卷 Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation？It.A.all depend B.all depends C.is all depended D.is all depending 【答案】B 3.guide n.&v.词 义n.指南，手册；导游，向导 v.指引，指导；解释，阐明；搀扶(某人朝方向)走，(朝方向)移动某物(过去式和过去分词：-d,-d;现在分词:guiding)派生词guidance n.引导，指引；(导弹飞行过程中的)引航 必记搭配a guide to的指南/手册 guide sb(to/through/around sth)给某人带路(或作导游)guide sb through sth 向某人解释某事 例 A guide to the British Museum大英博物馆指南 We explored the cave,Peter acting as a guide.我们考察了那个山洞，彼德作向导。He guided us through the narrow streets to the railway station.他引领我们走过狭窄的街道去火车站。Be guided by your feelings,and tell her the truthbefore its too late.要相信自己的感情。及早把真相告诉她，否则就太迟了。4.condition n.词 义状况，健康状况；(复数)条件，环境，境况，状态 同义/近词situation 必记搭配on condition+that从句 如果，条件是，只要 必掌握词组in good condition 状况良好 in condition 身体好，健康 out of condition 身体不好，不健康 on one condition 有一个条件 in/under favorable conditions 在有利的形势下 例What are housing conditions like in your country?你们国家的住房条件如何？People who take part in sports must keep in good condition.参加运动的人必须保持良好的状态。She will join us on one condition:we divide all the profits equally.她可能会入我们的股，但有一个条件，就是我们要平分利润。You may borrow the book,on condition that you do not lend it to anyone else.你可以借这本书，条件是你不能再借给别人。5.intend v.词 义计划，想要；意指(过去式和过去分词:-ed,-ed;现在分词:-ing)派生词intention n.意图；计划 intended adj.意欲达到目的的，打算的，计划的 必记搭配intend to do sth 打算做某事 intend to have done 本打算做某事(但没能做)intend sb to do sth 打算要某人做某事 intend+that从句 打算/计划 be intended for sb/sth 为打算(或设计)的 例I intended to have called on you,but I had an unexpected visitor.我本想去拜访你，但是来了一位不速之客。We intended them to take over.我打算要他们接管。We intend that the plan should be put into practice within the year.我们打算在年内实施这个计划。The book is intended for children.这本书是为儿童写的。6.suffer vi.&vt.词 义受苦，受难，受折磨；遭受，蒙受(过去式和过去分词:-ed,-ed;现在分词:-ing)派生词 sufferer n.患病者，受难者suffering n.疼痛，痛苦 必记搭配suffer from受的折磨 例The injured man was still suffering.这个受伤的人还在受折磨。She was suffering from a headache.她头疼。She could not suffer the criticism.她受不了批评。高考示例 2001年年全国卷全国卷 such heavy pollution already,it may now be too late to clean up the river.A.Having suffered B.Suffering C.To suffer D.Suffered 【答案】A 7.operate v.词 义运转，工作；操作，使运行；动手术；经营，营业(过去式和过去分词：-d,-d；现在分词:operating)派生词 operation n.手术；(有组织的)活动 必记搭配operate on sb for因对某人动手术 例The machine doesnt operate properly.这个机器运转不正常。The sleeping pills operated at once.安眠药马上起作用了。The doctors operated on her stomach.医生给她的胃动了手术。The company operates 10 factories.这个公司经营了10家工厂。8.direction n.词 义方向；指导，管理；(复数)用法说明 派生词 direct v.把对准(某方向或某人)；指路；指挥，导演 direct adj.笔直的；直接的；坦率的 directly adv.径直地 director n.董事；导演 必掌握词组 in the direction of 朝着的方向sense of direction 方向感 under the direction of在的指导下 follow ones directions 遵照指示 例Read the directions carefully before taking the medicine.服药之前先仔细阅读服药说明。He walked in the opposite direction.他朝相反的方向走去。Our school is under the direction of a good headmaster.我们学校由一位好校长管理着。高考示例 2007届届长沙市联考题长沙市联考题 “You must follow the for the use of the medicine,”my doctor said to me.A.conditionsB.situations C.functionsD.directions 【答案】D 9.over prep.词 义在期间，直到过完，贯穿(一时间段)例Over the next few days they got to know the town well.在随后的几天里，他们就熟悉那个镇子了。We discussed it over lunch.我们吃午饭时商议了此事。In this way over several days the artist and his mousebecame good friends.就这样过了几天，这位艺术家和他的老鼠就成了好朋友。Some waste rots away over a long period of time.有些食物要经过好长时间才会腐烂。派生词做前缀，表示“过多，过度”v.overcharge 多收钱 overeat 吃得过多 overload 装载过重 overreact 反应过激 oversleep 睡过头 overstay 停留过久 overwork 过度劳累，过分努力 adj.overweight 超重的 overcrowded 过于拥挤的 overjoyed 极高兴的 n.overgrowth 生长太快，生长过度 overcoat 大衣 高考示例 2003年年北京卷北京卷 They had a pleasant chat a cup of coffee.A.for B.with C.during D.over 【答案】D 10.couple n.词 义 一对，夫妇 同/近义词pair 必掌握词组a couple of 两人，两件事物;几个人，几件事物 例Peter and Jane are a nice couple.Lets invite them to dinner.彼得和珍妮夫妇很好，我们请他们吃饭吧。The couple is/are spending their honeymoon.这对新婚夫妇正在度蜜月。We went there a couple of years ago.我们几年前去过那里。I saw a couple of men get out.我看见有两个男人出去了。She jogs a couple of miles every morning.她每天早上都要慢跑几英里。I found a couple of socks in the room but they dont make a pair.我在房间里找到了两只袜子，但它们不成一双。短语储存 试一试，好吗？(根据句意，从所提供的词组中选择恰当的词组填入相关的句中)a variety of,bring in,and so on,depend on,go against,date back,on good terms with,a couple of,make fun of,drive off,in a word,make good use of,protectfrom,dress up,in common with,look on as 1.You can not depend on the train;they are always late.2.Plastics can be produced in a variety of forms;they are very useful in our daily life.3.The production has increased rapidly since the new technology was brought in from Japan.4.Staying in bed may go against your wishes but thats what you must do if you want to get better.5.Ive had a couple of tickets sent to me.You reallymust come to collect them.6.Many people look on a television set as an impor-tant piece of furniture.7.Johnny is easy to get along with.He is on good terms with his classmates.8.That is an old tradition.It dates back to several centuries ago,you know.9.Most men dont like being made fun of in public places,especially when their female friends stay with them.10.The robber drove off in a stolen car.【用法点拨】1.一年又一年 year by year 联 想 天天(强调重复)day after day 一天一天(强调变化)day by day 一次又一次失败 failure after failure 一次又一次成功 success after success 逐步地 step by step 一点点地,逐渐 little by little 一个接一个(地)one by one 一字不差地，逐字地 word for word 肩并肩 side by side 面对面 face to face 手挽手 hand in hand 挽着胳膊 arm in arm 2.考虑 think about 联 想 想起，思考，考虑，评价 think of 仔细考虑 think over 认真考虑，仔细盘算 think out 想出，发明 think up 3.等等 and so on 联 想 诸如此类，等等 and the like and so forth and otherwise and etc.4.第一次the first time(作连词，引导时间状语从句)联 想 第一次for the first time(用作状语)起初 at first 首先 first of all 5.把看作look onas 联 想(1)与as有关的短语：把看作regardas treatas consideras haveas take for viewas (2)与look有关的短语：照顾，照料 look after 为将来设想，展望未来 look ahead 看；看待；考虑；查看 look at 轻视 look down on/upon 寻找 look for 期望，期待 look forward to 调查，研究 look into 小心，留神 look out 游览，参观 look around 快速查看，浏览 look through 6.把某人从撞下来 knock sb off 联 想敲门/窗 knock at/on the door/window 撞倒，打倒;拆除 knock down 打倒，击倒，撞倒 knock over 使入睡；给某人留下深刻印象；使筋疲力尽 knock out 撞着某人或某物 knock into (敲门、窗等)叫醒某人 knock sb up 高考示例 2007年年岳阳一中月考题岳阳一中月考题 the powder out of the tin gently.We dont want itall over the room.A.Make B.Knock C.Take D.Put 【答案】B 7.在恰当的时机 at the right time 联 想那时 at that time 在同时 at the same time 暂时,眼下 for the time being 不时，有时;间或 from time to time sometimes=at times 及时 in time 按时，准时 on time 一次又一次，一再 time and(time)again 马上，立刻 in no time 引导时间状语的词及短语：each time every time the first time 关于time的句型：Its time for sth Its time(for sb)to do sth Its(high/about)time that sb did/(should)do sth Its the first time that+sb+现在完成时句型透视 试一试，好吗？(根据所给的汉语提示完成下列句子)1.我和你毫无共同之处。I have nothing in common with you.2.不论你在哪里，我都会在这里等着你。No matter where you are,I will be right here waiting for you.3.你认为谁是我们班上英语讲得最棒的？Who do you think could speak English best in our class?4.他早上起床太迟了，没有按时到校。He got up too late in the morning to arrive at school on time.5.感冒时尽量多喝水。While having a cold,drink water as much as possible.【用法点拨】1What comedians have in common with the play-ers in a comedy is their way of playing with words.喜剧演员和喜剧片中的演员的共同之处是他们都利用俏皮话表演。本句是一个主从复合句,what引导一个主语从句,表示一个抽象的概念。what在从句中意为“的内容(话,东西)”,在结构上相当于一个名词加一个由 that或which引导的定语从句。例What we need is more practice.我们所需要的是更多的练习。What he said at the meeting surprised everyone.他在会上所说的话令每一个人都很吃惊。句型 have in common with与有共同之处,和一样 例In common with most young people,he hates getting up early in the morning.跟大多数年轻人一样,他早上不愿早起床。They are brothers,but they have nothing in common.他们虽然是兄弟,但毫无共同之处。高考示例 2007届届辽宁高三联考题辽宁高三联考题 makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.A.What B.Who C.WhateverD.Whoever 【答案】A 2.The temperature is controlled with computers,nomatter how the weather is outside.不管室外温度如何，都由电脑控制温度。no matter意为“不管，无论”，引导让步状语从句，常与what,who,when,where,how,whose,whether等连 用，置于主句之前或之后，意为“无论，不管”。例No matter where you work,you can always find time to study.无论你在哪儿工作，总能找到时间学习。They should enjoy equal rights,no matter whether they are boys or girls.无论男孩还是女孩，都应享受平等的权利。高考示例 2007届届陕西高三英语模拟题陕西高三英语模拟题 This is a very interesting book.Ill buy it,.A.how much may it cost B.no matter how it may cost C.however much it may cost D.how may it cost 【答案】C 3.What effects do you think the changes in eating habits will have on agriculture or nature?你认为饮食习惯上的变化会对农业和自然产生什么影响？这是一个复杂的特殊疑问句。从语法角度看，do you think 是插入语，不是句子主干，句子主干为What effects the changes in eating habits will have on agricul-ture or nature?插入语把原来的特殊疑问句一分为二，故特殊疑问句用陈述语序。例What can you guess made us so worried?你能猜出当时是什么原因使得我们如此担心吗？Where did they suggest we should go during the summer holidays?他们建议我们暑假到哪儿去？Who do you think will win the game?你认为谁将会获胜？联 想用于以上句型的动词还有believe,consi-der,suppose,imagine,guess,say,suggest等；还有能接宾语从句的形容词afraid,sure,glad,certain,surprised,pleased等。例What was he afraid would cause his failure?他担心什么原因会使他失败？Who are you sure will get the first place in the exam?你确信谁会在考试中得第一名？4.Some of the land in China is too wet to grow crops.中国有些土地太湿而不能种庄稼。英语中too+adj./adv.+to do sth结构表示否定意义，“太而不能”。例You are too young to understand such things.你太年轻，不懂这些事情。联 想以下情况tooto表示肯定意义 (1)当too或to前有否定词构成双重否定时 例English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不太难学。(2)当too后是glad,pleased,happy,delighted,satisfied,ready,willing,kind,apt,good,true,easy,near,careful,well,early,delicious,eager,anxious等形容词或副词时；与这些词连用时,too前还常加上only,all,but,just,simply等副词,意思不变,因为这些词加上too后与very同义 例He is too ready to help others.他总是乐于助人。Im only too glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。They are but too pleased to hear the news.他们听到这个消息非常高兴。(3)与can not连用时 You can not be too careful(=You can never be careful enough)to do your homework.你做作业越仔细越好。(无论怎样仔细也不过分)(4)当不定式在句中作定语或真正的主语时 例There are too many problems to be solved.有很多问题有待解决。高考示例 2005年年江西卷江西卷 Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never be careful with that.A.enough B.too C.so D.very 【答案】B 5.as muchas与一样多的;与同样地 例 He has as much interest in politics as in literature.他对政治与对文学一样感兴趣。It is as much your responsibility as mine.这件事你和我一样有责任。同义句型(1)“as many as+数词+可数名词复数”表示某人/处有物品的数量 (2)“as much as+数词+量词复数”表示金钱/距离/时间/重量等的程度或数量 (3)as much as 可用来修饰动词或不可数名词,as many as不能 例 The big fire burned down as many as 20 buildings.这场大火烧毁的建筑物达20栋之多。Most of the stones weigh as much as 15 tons.大多数石头重达15吨。I like cats as much as dogs.我喜欢猫和狗的程度相同。联 想as far as在范围之内,到程度;远达 as long as 长达 as little/few as 少达 as good as 与一样好;一样，几乎 as high as 高达 as soon as 一就 高考示例 (1)2006年年湖南卷湖南卷The more I think about him,the more reasons I find for loving him I did.A.as much as B.as long as C.as soon as D.as far as 【答案】A (2)2006年年全国全国卷卷Did you take enough money with you?No,I needed I thought I would.A.not so much as B.as much as C.much more thanD.much less than 【答案】C语法归纳 试一试，好吗？(单项填空)1.2006年年山东卷山东卷Id appreciate if you wouldlike to teach me how to use the computer.A.that B.it C.this D.you 【解析】选B。it代替后面的从句。2.2006年年安徽卷安徽卷 Catherine bought a postcard of the place she was visiting，addressed to and then posted it at the nearby post office.A.it;her B.it;herself C.herself;her D.herself;herself 【解析】选B。句意为：Catherine 买了一张她正在参观的地方的明信片，写上了自己的地址，然后在附近的邮局寄了。it代替a postcard，to herself给她自己。3.2005年天津卷I prefer a flat in Inverness to in Perth,because I want to live near my Moms.A.one B.that C.it D.this 【解析】选A。one属泛指；that一般要代替定冠词、物主代词、指示代词修饰的名词或者that后面有一个限制性定语；it代替前面出现过的人或物，是特指。4.2005年年江西卷江西卷Cars do cause us health pro-blemsin fact far more serious than mobile phonesdo.A.oneB.ones C.itD.those 【解析】选B。此处用ones代替复数名词，是泛指。5.2005年年全国全国卷卷 The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at themeeting.A.thatB.it C.thisD.him 【解析】选B。it作形式宾语，代替动词不定式to invite 6.2005年年浙江卷浙江卷We have been looking at houses but havent found we like yet.A.oneB.ones C.itD.them 【解析】选A。one指代前面提到的事物时是“同类不同物”。7.2007届届长沙一中月考题长沙一中月考题I want to have my hair cut,but I cant find a barber shop.I know where is.Come on,Ill show you.A.there B.it C.one D.to one 【解析】选C。句意为：我知道哪里有一个理发店。用one指代a barber shop。8.2004年年四川卷四川卷 Do you like here?Oh,yes.The air,the weather,the way of life.Everything is so nice.A.this B.these C.that D.it 【解析】选D。it此处指一般的环境情况。9.2004年年全国全国卷卷 I like in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A.this B.that C.itD.one 【解析】选C。习惯句式。it在此无实际意义，其后常接从句。10.Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but didnt help.A.he B.which C.she D.it 【解析】选D。it指代上文提到的事。11.He was nearly drowned once.When was?was in 1998 when he was in middle school.A.that;It B.this；That C.this;It D.that；This 【解析】选A。在第三句话中，原句应是：It was in 1998 when he was in middle school that he was nearly drowned.这是一个省略了that he was nearly drowned的强调句型；第一空中用that代替He was nearly drowned once.这件事，而this无此用法。12.is no good without doing anything.A.This;talking B.It;to talk C.That;to talk D.It;talking 【解析】选D。it作形式主语，代替动名词talking without doing anything。13.How long did take you to finish your homework?A.it B.that C.this D.we 【解析】选A。固定结构It takes sb some time to do sth花某人多长时间干某事。14.His parents died and for him to go abroad for further education.A.which made it impossible B.that made it impossible C.it made it possible D.that made that possible 【解析】选B。that指代his parents dies这件事；C项中用两个it易发生混淆，指代不清。15.Last week I wrote to you.Have you received?A.the letter B.that C./D.it 【解析】选A。上文没出现letter一词，不能选it。类别 情形 例句 代词 在答语中替代this或that Whats this？Its a frog.指已提到过的事物 I lost my pen on my way home.I cant find it any-where.指情形、行为、事件等 Jack is ill.Have you heard about it?指人(不明的人或婴儿)Who is it?指天气、温度、时间、距离等 It is raining.Its very hot.Its five oclock.【用法点拨】It 的用法引导词 作形式主语(固定句型)It is difficult to understand the passage.It is no use crying.It takes sb some time to do sth It will take them more than ten years to complete the Three Gorges Dam.It+be+said/report-ed/told+that从句 It is said that he will leave for Beijing tomorrow.It+vt.+sb+that从句 It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey.引导词 作形式宾语(固定句型)He feels it his duty to help others.We thought it no use doing that.They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.引导词 S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+(for sb)to do sth Do you think it possible for them to send an engineer there?S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+doing sth You must find it exciting working here.S.+vt.+it+adj./n.+that从句 I think it a pity that you didnt try harder.构成强调句 It was in the street that I saw Li Ping this morning.构成特殊句式 It seems as if we should finish it tomorrow.【作文点拨】试一试，好吗？下面4幅图片描述的是李明和他的爷爷从养鸟到放鸟的一段经历。请根据图片所提供的信息，以第三人称用英语写一篇短文。注意：1.短文必须包括所有图片的主要内容，短文的内容要连贯、完整；2.词数：100左右。(开头已给出，不计入总词数)【构思点拨】审题技巧该题通过4幅图讲述了李明和爷爷放鸟回归自然的故事。应根据所给材料写一篇记叙文。文章的大纲：按顺序描写4幅图的内容。文章的要点：1.李明和爷爷，鸟笼；2.小鸟不开心；3.上学路上，看见小鸟在飞；4.为笼中之鸟感到伤心；5.说服爷爷放飞小鸟；6.放飞小鸟，大家都很高兴。文章的基调：1.格式：短文；2.人称：第三人称；3.时态：一般过去时 要点提示 feed the bird，in the cage，on ones way to school，seedoing，persuade sb to do sth,setfree，the lonely bird，decide to do，get home，to ones delight写作实践 One Saturday morning,Li Ming and his grandpa were feeding the bird in the cage.The bird was unhappy though it had enough food and water.Li Ming did not know why.The next morning on his way home,Li Ming saw some birds flying in the sky.Then be thought of the lonely bird in the cage.He decided to persuade his grandpa to set the bird free.When he got home,he said to his grandpa,“Birds needfriends!We should let the bird fly in the sky.”To his delight,his grandpa agreed.The bird was set free.Grandpa and the children were very happy to see the bird flying away into the sky.